Isahluko 18 — Ukunakekela kukaNkulunkulu emsebenzini wokushicilela

GSAM 281.1“NGALESO SIKHATHI sizokwazi, uma silandela ukuze simazi iNkosi; ukuphuma kwayo kulungiselelwe njengokusa.”¹

GSAM 281.2Kuze kube yinyanga kaJuni 1849, imisebenzi kaMfundisi White nomkakhe noMfundisi Bates yayilinganiselwe ezifundazweni zaseNew England. Ngalesi sikhathi uNksz. Clarissa Bonfoey, waseMiddletown, eConnecticut, wajoyina umndeni kaMfundisi White. Isikhathi esifushane ngaphambi kwalokhu, unina washona, emshiya yonke into edingekayo yokuphatha ikhaya ngosayizi omncane. Ngale ndlela uMfundisi White wakwazi ukusungula umuzi wakhe futhi; futhi wakwenza lokhu engxenyeni yendlu kaMnu. Belden eRocky Hill, eConnecticut.

GSAM 281Ukuqala kweSpiritualism Yanamuhla

GSAM 281.3NgoMashi 24, 1849, kwabanjwa umhlangano jikelele eTopsham, eMaine. Ngalelo Sabatha, uNkk. White wanikezwa umbono; udaba lwawo lwalubaluleke kakhulu. Mhlawumbe ukuqonda kangcono lo mbono kuzuzwe ngokuzicabangela umbono jikelele wesimo ngaleso sikhathi.

GSAM 281.4Ekupheleni kukaMashi 1848, eHydesville, eWayne Co., eN.Y., kwaqala “imisindo eyinqaba,” noma lokho kamuva okwagcina kuyi “ukushaya kwemimoya.” Lokhu kwenzeka okokuqala endlini yomndeni wakwaFox. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, umndeni wathuthela eRochester, eN.Y., lapho, eCorinthian Hall, kwenziwa iziboniso zomphakathi, futhi amantombazane abhekwa ngokucophelela kakhulu ngamakomidi abesifazane nabesilisa abakhethiwe kubantu abahamba phambili bomphakathi ngenhloso yalokho. Nakuba iningi labantu lalibheka lokhu kushaya njengobuqili noma ubuciko bokukhohlisa ngesandla, abakholelwa kalula babengacabangi ukuthi lokhu kungakhula kube yinkinga enkulu.

GSAM 282Izibikezelo Eziphathelene NeSpiritualism

GSAM 282.1Embonweni okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla, uNkk. White wabona ukuthi ukushaya okungajwayelekile eRochester nakwezinye izindawo kwakungamandla kaSathane, nokuthi izinto ezinjalo zazizovela kaningi ngokwengeziwe; nokuthi zazizogqokwa ngengubo yenkolo, ukuze ziduduzise abakhohlisiwe babe nokuphepha okwengeziwe, futhi zidonse izingqondo zabantu bakaNkulunkulu, uma kungenzeka, kulezo zinto, futhi kubenze bangabaza imfundiso yoMoya oNgcwele.

GSAM 282.2Kodwa abambalwa, uma bekhona, ngaleso sikhathi ababenalo umbono omncane wokuthi iSpiritualism izosabalala emhlabeni wonke njengoba kwakubikezelwe ngaleso sikhathi, noma ukuthi izozibiza njengokholo, namabandla ayo ahlelwe kahle nabafundisi bayo.

GSAM 282Isibikezelo Sigcwalisekile

GSAM 282.3Ukugcwaliseka kwalesi siprofetho, nokho, kuyabonakala uma sicubungula ubulungu babo, obubikiwe ukuthi bungama-10,000,000 e-United States kuphela. Mayelana nengubo yabo yenkolo yamanje, sinikeza okulandelayo okuvela ku-Review and Herald, eWashington, D.C., Novemba 12, 1903:—

GSAM 282.4“Emhlanganweni wakamuva weNational Association of Spiritualists, owabanjelwa kuleli dolobha, kwamukelwa umkhuba omusha. Kwenziwa umthetho wokuthi abefundisi noma abashumayeli ‘bagcotshwe’, futhi iqembu labakholwayo kuSpiritualism lamukelwa njenge ‘bandla.’ Lokhu kungabonakala ngokufunda ingxenye elandelayo evela kulo mkhuba omusha:—

GSAM 282.5“‘Akekho umfundisi noma umshumayeli ozobekwa phezu kwebandla noma inhlangano ngaphandle kokuba ekuqaleni efakwe ngokusemthethweni esikhundleni ngalokho okwaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zakuqala zomlando wenkolo njengomcimbi wokumisa ebandleni. Akekho umuntu ongakwazi ukuba umfakisicelo wokugcotshwa kuze kube esekhona isimemo sokuba umfundisi webandla noma lenhlangano ethile, noma esethunywe njengomishinari yinhlangano yesifundazwe yamaSpiritualist, ebhaliswe njengenhlangano yenkolo esifundazweni lapho ikhona, noma yi-National Spiritualist Association of the United States of America. Bonke abantu abangamakhandidethi bobufundisi noma bomsebenzi wobumishinari kumele babe sebebambisene ngokuphelele okungenani iminyaka emithathu nebandla noma umbutho weSpiritualist, futhi okungenani iminyaka emibili babe nelayisensi, abethunywe yiSifundazwe noma yi-National Association njengomkhulumi ovivinywayo. Abafundisi abaqashwe isikhathi esingaphansi konyaka owodwa ogcwele ngeke bafaneleke ukugcotshwa.’”

GSAM 283UMfundisi White e-Oswego, eNew York.

GSAM 283.1Njengoba umsebenzi wokushicilela wawuse-Oswego, eNew York, uMfundisi White washintsha indawo yakhe yokuhlala esuka eConnecticut waya lapha ekwindla ka-1849, futhi lapha kwabanjwa, ngonyaka ofanayo, mhla ziyi-3 kuNovemba, ingqungquthela yabakholwayo. Ngomsebenzi wabo owalandela, uNkk. White uthi:—

GSAM 283.2“Khona-ke sanquma ukuthi kwakuyisibopho sethu ukusebenza eSifundazweni saseNew York. Umyeni wami wazizwa enomthwalo wokubhala nokushicilela. Saqasha indlu e-Oswego, saboleka ifenisha kubafowethu, saqala ukuphila njengomndeni. Lapho umyeni wami wayebhala, eshicilela, futhi efundisa. Kwakudingeka ukuthi ahlale egqoke izingubo zokuzivikela ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngoba wayevame ukulwa nama-Adventist abazibiza ngokuthi bangabo ababemele amaphutha, befundisa isikhathi esinqunyiwe, futhi bezama ukwenza abantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka babe nobandlululo ngokholo lwethu.”²

GSAM 283I-Second Advent Review yashicilelwa

GSAM 283.3Ekwindla konyaka ka-1850 kwabhekwa njengokuhle ukwenza olunye ushintsho; ngakho-ke uMfundisi White wathuthela eParis, eMaine, lapho kwashicilelwa khona ivolumu yokuqala ye-Second Advent Review and Sabbath Herald njengomagazini ophuma kabili ngenyanga, oqukethe izinombolo eziyishumi nantathu, ngayinye iqukethe amakhasi ayisishiyagalombili anamakholomu amabili, usayizi wekhasi elishicilelwe wawungu-7 1/8 ngama-10 1/4 intshi. Inombolo yokuqala yayinomhla kaNovemba olandelayo, kanti inombolo yokugcina yayingomhla ka-9 Juni 1851.

GSAM 284.1Usayizi omkhulu walelo phephandaba uma liqhathaniswa ne-Present Truth wawuyisibonakaliso esihle kakhulu sokwanda kokusabalala kweqiniso, kokwanda kwabasebenzi kulo msebenzi, kanye nokwanda kwabaxhasi bomsebenzi. Njengoba leli phephandaba lalikhishwa mahhala, kwakulindeleke ukuthi abangane balo msebenzi basize ekushicileleni kwalo, futhi bakwenza lokho. Yize abakholwayo babengabantu abaphansi ngezimo eziphakathi, basiza ngokwehlomulo iNkosi eyayibanike lona, futhi benze ngokwamandla abo ukuqhubekisela phambili inqola yeqiniso.

GSAM 284UJ. N. Andrews Uqala Ukushumayela

GSAM 284.2Ngalesi sikhathi uJ. N. Andrews, owayehlala eParis, eMaine, waqala imisebenzi yakhe yomphakathi njengomshumayeli wevangeli nomlobi ngezihloko zenkolo. Ku-Review kaMeyi 1851, wayenendatshana eyayithatha amakhasi angaphezu kwehlanu ngesihloko semilayezo emithathu. Kule ndatshana wahlanganisa isiprofetho sesilo esinezimpondo ezimbili seSambulo 13 ne-United States, ethatha isikhundla, ngokusekelwe kuphela esiprofethweni, sokuthi ukuphoqelelwa kweSonto njengeSabatha bekuyoba yiphuzu lapho ukuhlanganiswa kwebandla nohulumeni ekugcineni kuzosungulwa khona kuleli zwe. Impikiswano yakhe yayisekelwe ngokuphelele esiprofethweni, njengoba ngaleso sikhathi kwakungekho mkhankaso owawugxile kakhulu kule ndlela; isisho esinamandla kunazo zonke esasisekela lesi siprofetho sasingesitatimende sikaDkt. Durbin, esithathwe ku-Christian Advocate and Journal, esasithi:—

GSAM 284.3“Uma ubuKristu sebuphenduka impilo yokuziphatha neyomoya kazwelonke, umbuso uphoqelekile, ngabaphathi bakhe, ukuvimbela ukwephulwa okuvulekile kweSabatha engcwele, njengendlela yokuzivikela.”

GSAM 285Ukuthengisa Amapulazi Ukusekela Umsebenzi

GSAM 285.1Kwathi cishe ngalesi sikhathi amadoda afana noHiram Edson waseNew York noCyrenius Smith waseJackson, eMichigan, baqondiswa ukuba bathengise amapulazi abo, ngalinye elixabisa u-$3,500, bese beqasha amapulazi ukuze bawasebenzisele bona ukuze babe nezinsiza zokusiza emisebenzini ehlukene ezazizovela ekuphushweni komsebenzi womyalezo.

GSAM 285Ukudluliselwa komsebenzi wokushicilela eSaratoga

GSAM 285.2Ngo-1851, uMfundisi White wathuthela eSaratoga Springs, eNew York, evela eParis, eMaine, futhi lapha waphinde wasungula ikhaya, ephethe ifenisha ayeyibolekile, washicilela ivolumu yesibili ye-Advent Review, inombolo yokuqala yayinomhla ka-5 Agasti ngonyaka ofanayo. Le volumu yayinezinombolo eziyishumi nane, futhi yayikhishwa kabili ngenyanga. Inombolo yokugcina yakhishwa ngomhlaka 23 Mashi 1852. Igama lephephandaba lashintshwa kancane lisuka ku-Second Advent Review, njengakuvolumu 1, laya ku-Advent Review and Sabbath Herald, igama elisagcinwa kuvolumu yalo engu-82. Usayizi wephephandaba wakhuphuka waba namakholomu amathathu namakhasi ayisishiyagalombili, ikhasi eliphrintiwe lingalingana namayintshi ayisishiyagalombili no-1/4 ububanzi no-11 no-3/4 ubude.

GSAM 285.3Kuyabonakala ngokwanda kosayizi waleli phephabhuku lenhlangano, elalikhona futhi lisakhona, ukuthi zonke izinguquko zazihlose ukuthuthukisa, zibonisa impumelelo efanele, futhi zinikeza ubufakazi obucacile bokuthi umsebenzi wengelosi yesithathu “wawuze ukuhlala.”

GSAM 285Ukushicilela eRochester—Ukuba noMshini Wokushicilela Wezandla

GSAM 285.4Ngomhla ka-6 Meyi 1852, inombolo yokuqala yevolumu 3 ye-Advent Review and Sabbath Herald yashicilelwa eRochester, eNew York, futhi yashicilelwa kumshini wokunyathelisa nangohlobo lwezinhlamvu olwaluphethwe ngama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa. UHiram Edson wayekhiphe izimali zokuthenga umshini wokunyathela wezandla waseWashington, onohlobo lwezinhlamvu nezinto zokuhlela ihhovisi. Wayezokhokhelwa njengoba iminikelo izovela kubangane beqiniso. Lowo mshini wokunyathela wawumile ehhovisi le-Review and Herald e-Battle Creek, eMichigan, kuze wabhujiswa umlilo mhla zingama-30 kuDisemba 1902. Ngaleso sikhathi wawubhekwa njengomshini wokunyathela wokuhlola ophambili ehhovisi. Enombolweni 12, ivolumu 3, ngo-Okthoba 14, 1852, kwamenyezelwa ukuthi izindleko zokulungisa ihhovisi ngalo mshini nezinto zokusebenza zazingama-$652.93, kanti imali eyayingenile ngaleyo njongo kuze kube ngaleso sikhathi yayingama-$655.84. Kulezi zinombolo eziyishumi nambili zephephandaba, amakhophi angu-2,000 enombolweni ngayinye ayephuma futhi asatshalaliswa mahhala.

GSAM 286I-Youth’s Instructor Yaqalwa

GSAM 286.1Ngo-Agasti kwaqalwa ehhovisi le-Review ukushicilelwa kwe-Youth’s Instructor, eyayiphuma njalo ngenyanga. Manje isiphuma njalo ngesonto, inezindatshana eziphindwe kane kunaleyo eyayikhona ngaleso sikhathi.

GSAM 286U-Uriah Smith Uqala Ukusebenza Ehhovisi

GSAM 286.2Ngo-1853 uMfundisi Uriah Smith waqala umsebenzi wakhe ehhovisi le-Review and Herald, lapho ayephatha isikhundla esibalulekile iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu. Ngonyaka lowo (1853) kwamenyezelwa okokuqala ku-Review and Herald ukuthi labo abafisa ukwenza njalo bangathenga izincwadi zethu ngokukhokha intengo yokukhiqiza. Kwabanye bonke izinto ezishicilelwe zazitholakala mahhala, njengoba ukushoda kwemali kwakugcwaliswa ngeminikelo yalabo abanomusa nenhliziyo evulekile. Ngo-1854 kwamenyezelwa ukuthi intengo ye-Review ephuma kabili ngenyanga yayingu-$1.00 ngonyaka. Ngonyaka ofanayo, emhlanganweni wetende owawubanjelwe eMacomb County, eMichigan, ngenyanga kaJulayi, kwenziwa umzamo wokuthengisa izincwadi zethu. Phakathi nalo mhlangano kwathengiswa izincwadi ezazibiza u-$50. UMfundisi White, ekhuluma ngalo mzamo, wathi, nge-Review, “Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi izincwadi zethu zingathengiswa.”

GSAM 286Isicelo se-$500 seSikhwama Sezincwajana

GSAM 286.3Ku-Review ka-Okthoba 12 noDisemba 24, 1854, kwenziwa isimemo sokubiza imali yezincwajana engu-$500 ukuze ihhovisi likwazi ukuhlinzeka abashumayeli ngezincwajana zokusabalalisa mahhala ngokuhambisana nomsebenzi wabo, kanye ne“mali yosizo engu-$500 yehhovisi, ukuze i-Review ikwazi ukushicilelwa njalo ngesonto, esikhundleni sokuphuthelwa, kwesinye isikhathi, isonto ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezimali.”

GSAM 287UJ. P. Kellogg noHenry Lyon Bathengisa Amapulazi Abo

GSAM 287.1Kwathi ngalesi sikhathi uJ. P. Kellogg waseTyrone noHenry Lyon owayehlala eduze kwePlymouth, eMichigan, bathengisa amapulazi abo, ngalinye elixabisa cishe ama-$3,500, ngenhloso eyodwa yokuba nezimali zokusekela umsebenzi; ngaleyo ndlela abanye abafowethu ababili baseMichigan babamba iqhaza ngesikhathi esifanele, benemali eselungele ukusetshenziswa nenhliziyo ezimisele ukusiza lapho usizo lwaludingeka kakhulu. Owokuqala wangena ekukhiqizeni imishanelo eJackson, eMichigan, kanti owesibili wathuthela eBattle Creek, wasebenza njengomkhandi wezinkuni ukuxhasa umndeni wakhe.

GSAM 287Onke Amaphephandaba Nezincwadi Zethu ngo-$3.00

GSAM 287.2Ekupheleni kwevolumu 6, ngoJuni 1855, umuntu wayengathola i-Review ne-Instructor unyaka owodwa, ngaphezu kweqoqo eligcwele lawo wonke amaphamfulethi, izincwajana, nencwadi yamaculo eyayisetshenziswa ngaleso sikhathi,—amaphamfulethi nama-tract angu-26, konke konke,—ngenani lika-$3.00. Intengo esunguliwe ye-Instructor yayingu-25 cents yezinombolo eziyishumi nambili.

GSAM 287Ihhovisi le-Review lamenywa eMichigan

GSAM 287.3Ngenyanga ka-Ephreli, 1855, uMfundisi White nomkakhe bavakashela futhi eMichigan, bahlela imihlangano ezindaweni eziningana. Ngomhla ka-28 no-29 kwaleyo nyanga kwaba nomhlangano eBattle Creek, ngesikhathi abafowethu baseBattle Creek bevota ukumema uMfundisi White ukuthi asuse ihhovisi leReview lisuka eRochester liye eBattle Creek. UDan Palmer, uCyrenius Smith, uJ. P. Kellogg, noHenry Lyon bavumelana ukunikeza u-$300 ngamunye, ngaphandle kwenzalo, kwenza isamba esingu-$1200, sokuthenga indawo nokwakha ihhovisi lokushicilela. Ngakho-ke bathole indawo ekhoneni eliseningizimu-mpumalanga lomgwaqo iWest Main nomgwaqo iWashington, futhi bakha khona isakhiwo sokhuni esinezitezi ezimbili esilingana nezinyawo ezingama-20 x 30, esinezinsika ezinde izinyawo ezingamashumi amabili.

GSAM 288Indlu Yokuqala Yomhlangano eBattle Creek

GSAM 288.1Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwakhiwa indlu yokuhlangana yokuqala yama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa eBattle Creek, enobukhulu obungu-18 x 24 izinyawo. Lesi sakhiwo esilula, esivalwe ngamabhodi phezulu naphansi futhi sivalwe ngamabhatheni, sasimi eduze kwekhona enyakatho-ntshonalanga yemigwaqo iVan Buren neCass.

GSAM 288Ehhovisi Lethu Lokushicilela Lokuqala

GSAM 288.2Inombolo yokuqala ye-Review eyashicilelwa eBattle Creek ehhovisi elaliphethwe ngama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa yayinomhla ka-4 Disemba 1855. Intengo yephephandaba ngaleso sikhathi yamiswa ku-$1.00 ngomqulu onezinombolo ezingamashumi amabili nesithupha; kodwa kwacelwa iminikelo ukuze iphephandaba lithunyelwe mahhala kwabampofu abafanele. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi uMfundisi Waggoner noMfundisi Cottrell babe abahlinzeki cishe njalo ezihlokweni ze-Advent Review.

GSAM 288.3Ku-Review kaDisemba 18, 1855, ikomidi lokushicilela lenze isitatimende esingase sizwakale siyisimanga kubasebenzi basamanje ehhovisi. Sathi kanje: “Asiboni ukuthi kungani labo abasebenza ehhovisi bengamukeli inkokhelo efanele yemisebenzi yabo. Umhleli uthola isigamu kuphela salokho angakuthola kwenye indawo.” Kungaba kuhle ukusho ukuthi imiholo evamile ngaleso sikhathi yayingesona isigamu salokho ekhona njengamanje, nokuthi inkokhelo yesigamu ngaleso sikhathi yayingadluli ingxenye yesithathu noma ingxenye yesine yalokho ihhovisi elikukhokha ngomsebenzi ofanayo manje. Abasebenzi behhovisi ngaleso sikhathi banikela ngesipho sesigamu senani lomsebenzi wabo ukuze ivangeli leqiniso langaleso sikhathi likhishwe.

GSAM 288Isicelo Somshini Wokunyathelisa Nenjini

GSAM 288.4Ku-Review yangoMashi 19, 1857, kwaphakanyiswa okokuqala ukuthi kudingeka umshini wokunyathelisa onamandla nenjini, futhi kwakufanele kutholakale ukuze kushicilelwe amaphepha, izincwajana nezincwadi. Njengoba kwabikwa ngo-Ephreli 2, kwathathwa isinqumo sokuthenga umshini wokucindezela onamandla we-Adams, futhi amadoda ayisikhombisa azibophezele ukunikela ngamadola angama-100 ngamunye ekuthengweni kwawo. Enombolweni elandelayo kwenziwa isimemezelo sokuthi umshini wokunyathelisa nenjini kuzobiza cishe u-$2,500, futhi izithembiso sezazifinyelele ku-$1,700.

GSAM 289.1Ekuhlelweni kwezindatshana kukaMfundisi White ku-Review ka-Agasti 13, 1857, kukhona lesi sitatimende esikhuthazayo: “Ihhovisi lethu alinasikweletu. Kukhona isikhwama esijwayelekile sezincwadi esingu-$1,426, esisetshenziswe manje ekuthengeni izincwadi. Umshini omusha wokunyathelisa oqhutshwa yinjini usebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi kunethemba elihle lokuthi maduzane uzosebenza ngamandla esitimu, futhi konke sekukhokhiwe. Imisebenzi yethu yamatende isekelwa kangcono kakhulu kunangaphambili.”

GSAM 289Umbiko Wokuqala Wokuthengiswa Kwezincwadi

GSAM 289.2Ngo-29 Okthoba 1857, kwabikwa ku-Review ukuthi ukuthengiswa kwezincwadi eminyakeni emibili edlule kwakungu-$1,287.91, okuyiwo umbiko wokuqala walolu hlobo owawenziwe kuze kube lolu suku. Kwakuyisibonakaliso sokuthuthuka kwenjongo, ngakho-ke kwaba umthombo wokugqugquzela, njengoba kwakukhombisa ukuthi iqiniso lalithola amandla, futhi “njengemifula yokukhanya eya emhlabeni wonke.”

GSAM 289Ihhovisi le-Review njengendawo ephephile yokugcina izimali

GSAM 289.3Ku-Review ka-Agasti 13, 1858, kwaphakanyiswa okokuqala kubantu bethu umqondo wokwenza ihhovisi libe yindawo yokugcina izimali ezisele. Abantu ababenemali ababengayidingi ngokushesha babengayigcina ehhovisini, beyidonsa noma yinini ngokuyalela uma beyidinga, ngaleyo ndlela behlinzeka ihhovisi inzuzo yokuyisebenzisa. Njengoba lesi siphakamiso sathathwa, sakhuphula kakhulu amandla ezimali omsebenzi.

GSAM 289.4Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuze kube manje (1905), akekho umuntu owake walahlekelwa idola elalibolekwe kanjalo ezindlini zethu zokushicilela, noma ongazange athole imali yakhe lapho eyicelile. Abantu abaqotho nabacabangayo sebebheka amahhovisi ethu okushicilela njengendawo ephephile kakhulu yokubeka izimali zabo ezisele kunamabhange, avame ukuhluleka. Amabhange anokuthembeka komhlaba, kanti izindlu zethu zokushicilela zinamandla onke ebandla “njengesisekelo” sazo.

GSAM 290I-Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association Yasungulwa

GSAM 290.1I-Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association yasungulwa ngoMeyi 3, 1861, kwathunyelwa izincwajana zokucela ukubhalisa ekuthengeni izabelo zesitoko ngo-$10 isabelo ngasinye. Ngemva kwamaviki amabili kwamenyezelwa ukuthi sekubhaliswe izabelo ezingama-$4,080.

GSAM 290.2Ukuqala ngoJuni 11 walowo nyaka, i-Review yashicilelwa yi-Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association. Isakhiwo sokuqala sehhovisi esakhiwe yinhlangano sasendaweni eseningizimu-mpumalanga kwemigwaqo iMain neWashington, endaweni eyayisuswe kuyo isakhiwo sakudala sohlaka lwamapulangwe siya eKalamazoo Street. Lesi sakhiwo sasinezitezi ezimbili, sinezindonga eziqinile zezitini. Sasimile njengesiphambano samaGrikhi, futhi sasibheke enyakatho eMain Street. Ububanzi obuphelele empumalanga nasentshonalanga kwakungu-44 izinyawo, kanti ngasenyakatho nangaseningizimu kwakungu-72 izinyawo.

GSAM 290Izincwadi Zokuqala Ngezinye Izilimi

GSAM 290.3Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo umyalezo waqhubekela phambili, futhi zonke izinyathelo eziqinile zazihlose ukuqinisa nokuhlanganisa umsebenzi. Ngalesi sikhathi indlu yethu yokushicilela yashicilela amaphamphlethi amahlanu ngezilimi zakwamanye amazwe, amathathu ngesiDanish-Norwegian kanye namabili ngesiFulentshi; ngaleyo ndlela kwaqalwa ukuphrinta kwamanye amazwe.

GSAM 290.4Ngenxa yokwanda okuqhubekayo kwamalungu, kwaba nokukhula okuqhubekayo kwezimali. Lokhu kubonakala embikweni ovela ku-Review kaMeyi 16, 1863, lapho unobhala wenhlangano enikeze isitatimende sezimali ezingene zonke ngale ndlela:—

GSAM 291.1Unobhala uphinde wathi:

GSAM 291.1“Ngokulinganisa okuthembekile kwempahla yeNhlangano, kunqunywe ukuthi inani layo alingaphansi kuka-$20,000, okungaphezu cishe ngo-$5,000 kunalokho abangane balo mkhankaso abakukhokhile. Lokhu kukhombisa ubuqotho nokwethembeka kukaMfowethu White nalabo abebambisene naye ehhovisi leReview. “E. S. Walker, uNobhala.”

GSAM 291Ukudluliselwa kwe-Review e-Association

GSAM 291.2Umsebenzi wokushicilela, ngenxa yemizamo enzima nokuzidela kukaMfundisi White, wawuletha le miphumela; inzuzo eyavela kuyo yayingeyakhe ngempela; ngoba lokhu kwakuyizithelo zokuzidela kwakhe, ubuchule bakhe bebhizinisi, nokuphatha kwakhe ngokucophelela. Kodwa esikhundleni sokuyifuna, noma yingxenye yayo, wayidlulisela yonke ebandleni ngenjabulo; futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho inhlangano, ngemva kokusungulwa kwayo, ivota ukuthi athole u-$6 ngesonto ngenkonzo yakhe, wamukela kuphela u-$4 ngesonto.

GSAM 291Iphepha Elisogwini LwasePacific

GSAM 291.3Ku-Review ka-21 Ephreli 1874 kwakukhona indatshana evela kuMfundisi White, lapho ekhuluma ngomsebenzi ogwini lwePacific, wathi maduzane kuzodingeka kusungulwe iphephandaba eliphuma njalo ngesonto elizinikele ezintshisekelweni zale nhloso kulolo gu. Isikhathi esifushane ngemuva kwalokhu kwavuleka indlela yokuthenga inani elincane lethayipu nezinto e-Oakland, ngalokho, ngenyanga kaJuni, kwaqalwa ukushicilelwa okwenzeka kabili ngenyanga okubizwa ngokuthi Signs of the Times.

GSAM 291Ukuqoqwa Kwezinsiza

GSAM 291.4Ngemva kokuphrinta izinombolo eziyisithupha ze-Signs, uMfundisi White wabuyela eMpumalanga, ecela iNgqungquthela yaseCalifornia ukuthi ihlele izindlela zokushicilela iphephandaba. Engqungqutheleni Jikelele, mhla ziyi-15 Agasti 1874, kwenziwa isiphakamiso kubafowethu baseMpumalanga sokuba baqoqe u-$6,000 ukuze kuthenge umshini wokunyathelisa, injini, nezinhlamvu zokunyathelisa zehhovisi le-Signs, uma abafowethu basePacific Coast bengaqoqa u-$4,000 ukuze bathole indawo futhi bakhe isakhiwo esifanele sehhovisi.

GSAM 292.1UMfundisi uGeo. I. Butler, ngaleso sikhathi owayeyilungu leKomidi leNgqungquthela Jikelele, wahambela umhlangano wamakhampu eYountville, eCalifornia, wethula lesi siphakamiso kubafowethu. Ngo-11 Okthoba 1874, baphendula kulesi sibizo ngokuzibophezela ngenani elingu-$19,414 ngezinhlamvu zemali.

GSAM 292I-Pacific Press Yasungulwa

GSAM 292.2NgoFebhuwari 2, 1875, uMfundisi James White nomkakhe, behambisana noMfundisi J. H. Waggoner nabanye abasebenzi abasebenza kahle, bafika e-Oakland. Ngo-12 waleyo nyanga kwabizwa umhlangano okhethekile weNgqungquthela yaseCalifornia ukuze kubhekwe indawo yokwakha izakhiwo zehhovisi le-Signs of the Times. Ngemva kokucabangisisa okwanele, kwathathwa isinqumo sokuthola izindawo ngasohlangothini lwentshonalanga lweCastro St., phakathi kwe-11th ne-12th Sts. Ngosuku olufanayo uMfundisi White noJohn Morrison bathenga lezi zindawo, bathatha amadokhumenti egameni labo, ngokuqonda ukuthi lapho i-Association isungulwa, bazodlulisela kuyo ingxenye yomhlaba eyayizobhekwa njengokuyimpoqo ukuze isetshenziswe yinkampani.

GSAM 292.3Mhlaka 1 Ephreli 1875, kwakhiwa i-Pacific Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association e-Oakland, inani lesitoko sayo sasibekwe ku-$28,000. Ingxenye ephakathi yezindawo eCastro St. yadluliselwa enhlanganweni ngokwesivumelwano, kwathi ngokushesha kwakhiwa isakhiwo ngu-O. B. Jones wase-Battle Creek, eMichigan, isimo nosayizi waso kwakufana nehhovisi elakhiwe e-Battle Creek, ngaphandle kokuthi esase-Oakland sakhiwa ngokhuni esikhundleni sezitini. Lesi sakhiwo sesilungele ukuhlala, i-Signs of the Times yathuthelwa ezindaweni zayo ezintsha ngoLwesihlanu, mhlaka 27 Agasti 1875.

GSAM 293Ukuthuthelwa eMountain View

GSAM 293.1Kulesi sakhiwo, ukushicilelwa kwamaphephabhuku nezincwadi kwaqhubeka ngempumelelo kuze kube ngo-1904, lapho kwenziwa amalungiselelo okudlulisa indawo yokunyathelisa emaphandleni. Isizathu sokwenza lolu shintsho sinikezwe umphathi wePacific Press ngala mazwi:

GSAM 293.1“Iminyaka eminingi abaphathi bePacific Press Publishing Company bebebona ukuthi indawo okwamanje ebanjelwe yindlu yabo yokushicilela iyigugu kakhulu, futhi indawo encane kakhulu, enhliziyweni yedolobha elikhulu esifundeni sokuhlala, ngenhloso yokusetshenziswa njengefektri, nokuthi kuhlakaniphile ngezindlela eziningi ukufuna indawo yasemakhaya lapho umhlaba ungabizi kangako, lapho abasebenzi bengathola khona izindlu ezisezindaweni ezinempilo, ezinendawo eyanele yezigadi, izihlahla zezithelo, nendawo yokuphefumula; nalapho izinzuzo zokuthumela izimpahla zizoba khona. Le ndawo seyitholiwe futhi seyiqinisekisiwe emzaneni waseMountain View, eSanta Clara County, amamayela angamashumi amathathu nesishiyagalolunye eningizimu yeSan Francisco, indawo ehlanganisa izinzuzo eziningi zedolobha kanye nezinzuzo zokuphila okunempilo kwasemakhaya.”

GSAM 293Ukuphrinta kwaqala emazweni angaphandle

GSAM 293.2Okukhombisa ukusabalala kweqiniso, siyabona ukuthi kusukela ngo-1875 kuya ku-1878 umsebenzi wokunyathelisa waqalwa eBasel, eSwitzerland, naseChristiana, eNorway.

GSAM 293.3Ekwindla konyaka ka-1875 kwethulwa umbiko ku-Review wokuthengiswa kwezincwadi ehhovisi le-Review and Herald kuphela, eminyakeni eyisikhombisa, kusukela ngo-1868 kuya ku-1875, okwafinyelela ku-$85,644.54, ukunyuka cishe izikhathi eziyisithupha kuneminyaka eyisikhombisa eyedlule, kanti ukuthengiswa emahhovisi onke amane (eMichigan, eCalifornia, eSwitzerland, naseNorway), eminyakeni emithathu, kusukela ngo-1875 kuya ku-1878, kwaba ngu-$98,163.73.

GSAM 293.4Kwenziwa isitatimende ku-Review yango-17 Okthoba 1878 sokuthi zonke izincwadi, amaphamphulethi nemibhalo eyashicilelwa yihhovisi le-Review ngaphambi kuka-1864 yayingamakhasi angu-50,058,000. Kusukela ngo-1864 kuya ku-1878 inani lamakhasi lalingu-158,130,951, noma isamba esingu-208,188,951 lamakhasi.

GSAM 294I-Youth’s Instructor Yenziwe Iphume Njalo Ngesonto

GSAM 294.1Kuze kube mhla ziyi-1 kuJanuwari 1879, i-Youth’s Instructor yayishicilelwa njalo ngenyanga, kodwa ngalolo suku, njengoba ingena eminyakeni yayo engu-27, yaqala ukushicilelwa njalo ngesonto; ngaleyo ndlela ukusebenza kwayo kwakhuphuka kane.

GSAM 294Okwadluliselwa nguMfundisi White e-Association

GSAM 294.2Ku-Review kaJanuwari 23, 1879, kukhona izitatimende ezenziwe nguMfundisi White mayelana nokubambisana kwakhe nalo msebenzi, okufanele zethulwe lapha, njengoba zikhanyisa kabanzi ngokuzidela okwenziwe emsebenzini wokushicilela. Isisho sithi:—

GSAM 294.3“Ngo-1861, lapho i-Publishing Association yasungulwa e-Battle Creek, eMichigan, sanikela uhlu lwababhalisile kanye nelungelo lokuphinda sikhiphe zonke izincwadi zethu (okwamanje sekunqunywe ukuthi zazibiza u-$10,000) kule nhlangano, kwasishiya sinempahla ebiza u-$1,000 kuphela; futhi saqhubeka nomsebenzi wethu njengomhleli, umphathi nomshumayeli ngo-$6 ngesonto.

GSAM 294.4“Ngo-1866, lapho sabuyela ehhovisi le-Review emva kokugula okukhulu, sathola abaphathi bekhokha amaphesenti ayishumi ezinkulungwaneni, kanti inani lesitoko linciphile laba ngu-$32,000;³ kodwa eminyakeni emine, ngesibusiso sikaNkulunkulu, izikweletu zazikhokhiwe, inani lesitoko lenyuke laba ngu-$75,000, futhi thina [inhlangano] sasinemali engu-$5,000 emabhange.”

GSAM 294Isimo seNdlu Yokushicilela ngo-1880

GSAM 294.5Ku-Review kaJanuwari 15, 1880, uMfundisi Butler uthi:—

GSAM 294.6“Indlu yethu yokushicilela (eBattle Creek) isanda kwandiswa ngokwakhiwa kwengxenye ephakathi phakathi kwezakhiwo ezimbili zasempumalanga, ngaleyo ndlela kwandisa kakhulu umthamo nokulula kokusebenza kwazo zonke. Kukhona izinsiza zokwenza i-electrotyping ne-stereotyping, nokubopha izincwadi ngendlela engcono kakhulu. Eqinisweni, kuthiwa yilabo okumele bazi, ukuthi iyindlu yokushicilela ephelele futhi eqediwe kunazo zonke eSifundazweni saseMichigan.”

GSAM 295.1Naphezu kwalokhu kwandiswa, kwaba yimfuneko ngaphambi kokuphela kwehlobo ukwakha isakhiwo esisha eningizimu kwesakhiwo esikhulu, sokuba yigumbi lokunyathelisa. Kuleli gumbi kwadluliselwa imishini emihlanu yokunyathelisa eqhutshwa yizinjini yenhlangano. Omunye wale mishini wawumkhulu kunanoma yimuphi owawusetshenziswa ngaphambilini ehhovisi. Omunye owalingana ngosayizi nangesitayela wawusanda kubekwa ehhovisi le-Signs of the Times, e-Oakland, eCalifornia.

GSAM 295.2Ku-Review kaMeyi 17, 1881, ebhekisela empumelelweni yomsebenzi wokushicilela endlini enkulu yokushicilela eBattle Creek, uMfundisi White wathi:—

GSAM 295.3“Uma ukhipha izikweletu zeSeventh-day Adventist Publishing Association kusukela kuhlu olucophelela lwezimpahla, kusala impahla enganyakazi neyomuntu siqu okungenani engu-$105,000. Kulokhu, bonke abantu bethu banikele ngamasheya, izipho, nezifa, imali engu-$34,432.17, kanti amadoda nabesifazane abambalwa abathembekile abazinikele empilweni yabo kulo msebenzi, bangeze [hhayi ngeminikelo, kodwa ngokuzidela nokuphathwa ngokucophelela] u-$70,567.83.”

GSAM 295Umsebenzi Wokumaketha Wavulwa

GSAM 295.4Ukuqala ngonyaka ka-1881 abantu bethu benza umzamo omusha, bengena emsebenzini wokumaketha ngenhloso yokuthengisa izincwadi zethu. Njengoba kwakungekho imibiko enembile eyayenziwa ngabathengisi mayelana nokuthengiswa kwabo kuze kube ngonyaka ka-1884, umbiko wethu waleso sikhathi wenziwe ngokususelwa ekuthengisweni okubikiwe kwezindlu ezine zokushicilela. Ngokwezibalo zabo, ukuthengiswa kweminyaka emihlanu kwakungu-$221,248.69. Njengoba umthelela womsebenzi wawanda usuka emishonini yethu eYurophu Ephakathi nasezizweni zaseScandinavia, isidingo semibhalo ngezilimi zakwamanye amazwe sakhula.

GSAM 296Ukuthengiswa Kwezincwadi Eminyakeni Eyishumi

GSAM 296.1Kusukela ngo-1884 kuya ku-1894, isikhathi seminyaka eyishumi, ukuthengiswa kwezincwadi zethu ezinkulu eziboshiwe kwenziwa kakhulu ngabathengisi abahambahambayo. Ukuthengiswa kwabo kulesi sikhathi kwakungu-$4,031,391.26. Ngalesi sikhathi umsebenzi wethu wandiswa ngokwengeziwe ngokusungulwa kwezindlu zokushicilela e-Australia; eTahiti, Eziqhingini ZasePacific; eHelsingfors, eFinland; eHamburg, eJalimane; nakwezinye izindawo. Ukuthengisa kwabathengisi ngonyaka ka-1895, naphezu kobunzima bezikhathi ngalowo nyaka, kwakungu-$357,467.23 ngokuphelele, okwenza isamba esiphelele, kuhlanganisa nokuthengisa esike sakusho, sibe ngu-$4,816,773.73.

GSAM 296Izithengiso zeminyaka engamashumi amahlanu $11,000,000

GSAM 296.2Ukuze sithole inani eliphelele lokuthengiswa kusukela ngo-1854 kuya kuJanuwari 1, 1896, kumele sifake izinombolo zokuthengiswa kwezincwadi zokuhweba, amaphamphulethi, izincwajana, namashadi, njengoba kubikiwe yizo zonke izinkampani zokushicilela kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, elilinganiselwa ku-$3,458,278.23; okunikeza inani eliphelele lokuthengiswa kwezincwadi zenhlangano eminyakeni engu-22 elingu-$8,275,051.96. Ukuwubeka ngenye indlela: Ukuthengiswa kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu (1854 kuya ku-1884) kwakungu-$424,915.24, kanti kweminyaka eyishumi nambili elandelayo, kuze kube mhla ziyi-1 Januwari 1896, kwakungu-$7,850,136.72. Nakuba amandla ensimini yokuthengisa ehlile eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili edlule, kuyisilinganiso esiphephile ukusho ukuthi kusukela ngo-1854 kuze kube manje (1905) kuthengiswe izincwadi zama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa ezingaphezu kuka-$11,000,000.

GSAM 296Ukuphrinta cishe ngezilimi ezingamashumi amane

GSAM 296.3Inqubekela phambili yomyalezo ngendlela ephrintiwe iyabonakala uma sicabanga ukuthi sekwenzekile ukuqala cishe ezilimini ezingamashumi amane ezihamba phambili, ezifana ne-Arabhu, i-Armenia, i-Basuto, i-Bohemian, i-Bulgarian, i-Bengali-India, i-Chinese, i-Danish, i-English, i-Esthonian, i-Finnish, i-French, i-Fijian, i-Greek, i-German, i-Dutch, i-Hungarian, i-Hawaiian, i-Italian, i-Icelandic, i-Japanese, i-Kaffir, i-Lettish, i-Lavonian, Maori, Polish, Portuguese, Roumanian, Russian, Servian, Spanish, Swedish, Tahitian, Tongan, Welsh, njll. Kulezi zizwe nezizwe ezahlukene kunezisebenzi ezisebenzayo ezikhuthaza amaqiniso omyalezo wesithathu.

GSAM 297.1Inani lezincwadi, amaphamphulethi nezincwajana ashicilelwe ngezilimi ezahlukene lidlula ku-1,187. Ukuze uthole ikhophi ngayinye, kanye namaphephandaba angama-87 enhlangano⁴ ngezilimi ezahlukene unyaka owodwa, kuzodingeka cishe u-$340.

GSAM 297Indawo Yezindlu Zokushicilela Ezingamashumi Amabili

GSAM 297.2Izindlu zokushicilela ezingamashumi amabili zama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa zitholakala kanje: Avondale, e-Australia; Battle Creek, eMichigan (2); Basel, eSwitzerland; Christiana, eNorway; Copenhagen, eDenmark; Cape Town, eNingizimu Afrika; Calcutta, eNdiya; College View, eNebraska; eHamburg, eJalimane; eHelsingfors, eFinland; eLondon, eNgilandi; eMelbourne, e-Australia; eMontreal, eCanada; eNashville, eTennessee; e-Oakland, eCalifornia; eSouth Lancaster, eMassachusetts; eStockholm, eSweden; eTocubaya, eMexico; eWashington, D.C. Ngaphandle kwalezi zindlu zokushicilela, abantu bethu bashicilela amaphephandaba nezincwajana eHong Kong, eChina; eTokio, eJapan; eCairo, eGibhithe; eNingizimu Melika; naseziqhingini zaseFiji.

GSAM 297Ukushicilela Incwajana Yokuqala

GSAM 297.3Okwamanje sizobheka emuva ezinsizeni abaqalayo ababebhekene nazo. Ekwindla konyaka ka-1853, ekulungiseleleni incwadi yokuqala eyayiphrintwa emshinini wokunyathelisa waseWashington—“The Sanctuary,”—ngemva kokuthi “iqembu” lodade selisonge futhi laqoqa amaqoqo amakhasi ukuze athungwe, umbhali wawagwaza ngosungulo lokubeka amaphini; kwathi ngemva kokufakwa kwezembozo, u-Uriah Smith wazisika ngerula eliqondile nommese omncane obukhali. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwemishini efanele yokwenza leyo ngxenye yomsebenzi.

GSAM 298.1Muva nje ngo-1861 yonke imibhalo yenhlangano yayiphrintwa kumshini owodwa wokucindezela we-Adams, owawuqhutshwa injini enamandla amahhashi amabili. Manje, emahhovisi ahlukene okuphrinta, kunemishini yokuphrinta engaphezu kwamashumi amane esebenza ngamandla esitimu eqhubeka isebenza njalo, iphrinta iqiniso langaleso sikhathi. Lawa mahhovisi aqasha abantu abangaphezu kuka-500 ukuze baqhubeke nomsebenzi, kanti amakhulu abathengisi basebenza emakhaya bethengisa izincwadi kubantu.

GSAM 298.2Ngonyaka ka-1862, isethi ephelele yazo zonke izincwadi ezashicilelwa ngama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa yayingathengwa ngenani lika-$7.50; ngo-1904, njengoba sekubonisiwe, kwakudingeka u-$340 ukuthola isethi ephelele. Impela, okungaphezu kokucabanga komuntu okwenzile lokhu.

GSAM 298.3Ukukhula komsebenzi wokushicilela phakathi kwama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa, njengoba kwakubikezelwe ngo-1848, empeleni kube njengokuthuthuka kwelanga, “Liya lishisa—lithumela imisebe yalo”—“Uqhubeka nomzila wawo njengelanga, kodwa awusoze washona.”

GSAM 298Hamba Ngokholo—Ubufakazi bukaMfundisi Stone

GSAM 298.4Ukulangazelela nokuzimisela kwabo abaqhubekele phambili emsebenzini womyalezo wengelosi yesithathu kuchazwe kahle ku-Review kaFebhuwari 5, 1884, nguMfundisi u-Albert Stone, omunye wabasunguli balo msebenzi, owaphila waze waba neminyaka engu-90 ubudala:—

GSAM 298.5“Umlando wokuqala walo msebenzi wawuwusuku lwezinto ezincane, futhi izindlela ezazisetshenziswa zazibonakala zinganele emsebenzini. Kodwa amadoda nabesifazane abakholwayo baye bazi kusukela ekuqaleni ukuthi ingalo eqinile yeNkosi yayibandakanyekile kulo msebenzi. Baye bazi ukuthi isikhathi esibekiwe sokuthandela uZiyoni sesifikile, nokuthi iNkosi isibeke isandla sayo ukuqoqela abantu bayo. Babona ukuthi iNkosi yayiphethe iphini lomkhumbi, nokuthi uMkhumbi Wevangeli, ogcwele ibandla elisele kanye nemithwalo yalo yeqiniso elibuyiselwe, ukholo oluhloliwe, nothando oluphelele, wawuzofika uphephile echwebeni.”