Isahluko 26 — Imishini Yethu Yaphesheya

GSAM 403.1“Kubhaliwe, Kulabo abangakhulunyelwa ngakho, bazobona; nalabo abangakazizwa, bazokuqonda.”¹

GSAM 403.2Umsebenzi wethu wokuqala wangaphandle kwe-United States wavulwa ngo-1874, lapho uMfundisi J. N. Andrews ethunyelwa eSwitzerland, wabe eseqala khona umsebenzi.

GSAM 403INDAWO YASEYUROPHU EPHAKATHI

GSAM 403.3Ngaleso sikhathi kwakuhlanganiswe izizwe eziyisishiyagalombili kule mishini; okungukuthi iSwitzerland, iFrance, i-Italy, iTurkey, iBelgium, iSpain, iPortugal, neGreece, indawo eyayihlanganisa abantu abayizigidi ezingama-140.

GSAM 403.4Kungase kube nentshisekelo ukukhuluma, kuleli phuzu, ngezimo ezaholela abantu bethu ekungeneni emishinini enkulu kangaka ngobubanzi, ngesikhathi inhlangano ibuthakathaka ngenani labantu.

GSAM 403UMfundisi Czechowski

GSAM 403.5Ngonyaka ka-1865, uMfundisi M. B. Czechowski, umpristi wamaKatolika wasePoland owaguqulwa futhi owamukela iqiniso langaleso sikhathi, wafisa ukuthi abantu bethu bamthumele njengomishinari eYurophu Ephakathi. Njengoba lokhu kwakungekho okwenzeka ngaleso sikhathi, wethula udaba lwakhe kuma-Adventist osuku lokuqala aseBoston, eMassachusetts, abangase bamcabange engahlangene nhlobo nabantu bethu. Noma kunjalo, bathola izinsiza ezidingekayo, bamthumela emsebenzini ayewufuna.

GSAM 404Abagcini beSabatha eSwitzerland

GSAM 404.1Ngo-1866, wafundisa iqiniso leSabatha nomyalezo wengelosi yesithathu eTramelan, eSwitzerland, umzamo owaholela ekubeni kube khona iqembu labagcini beSabatha. Maduzane ngemva kwalokho, wabashiya ukuze afundise umyalezo eHungary. Akazange atshele iqembu laseTramelan lutho ngomsebenzi wethu eMelika, kodwa u-Albert Vuilleumier, omunye wabo, wayekwazi ukufunda isiNgisi. Ngokungahleliwe, wabona ikhophi ye-Advent Review. Ngale ndlela kwaqala ukuxhumana ngokubhalelana phakathi kwala mazwe amabili.

GSAM 404UMfundisi u-Erzenberger Wathunyelwa eMelika

GSAM 404.2Ngo-1869 uJames Erzenberger, waseTramelan, wathunyelwa eMelika ngenhloso yokufunda ulimi lwesiNgisi nokwazi ngokugcwele izimfundiso nemikhuba yama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa. Wafika eBattle Creek mhla ziyi-18 kuJuni, wahlala eMelika iminyaka eyodwa nengxenye. Wahamba eNew York, ohambweni lwakhe lokubuya, mhla ziyi-9 kuSepthemba 1870. NgoJuni walowo nyaka, u-Ademar Vuilleumier wavakashela kuleli zwe, lapho ahlala khona cishe iminyaka emine. Ekubuyeni kwakhe ezweni lakubo, wahambisana noMfundisi u-Andrews. Bafika eNeuchatel ngo-Okthoba 16, 1874.

GSAM 404.3Ngo-1875, uMfundisi D. T. Bourdeau nomndeni wakhe bashiya iMelika baya eFrance, lapho ababekwa khona yikomidi ukuze basebenze.

GSAM 404Iphephandaba LesiFulentshi Liqalisiwe

GSAM 404.4Ngonyaka olandelayo, ngoJulayi 1876, kwaqalwa eBasel, eSwitzerland, ukushicilelwa kwephephandaba ngesiFulentshi elinesihloko esithi Les Signes des Temps (The Signs of the Times). NgoMeyi 13, 1882, emva kweminyaka eyisithupha, uMfundisi Haskell wahamba ngesikebhe esuka eNew York City waya eYurophu. Ngesikhathi kulo hambo lobumishinari, wachitha isikhathi esithile eSwitzerland.

GSAM 405UMfundisi Whitney Uya eBasel—Ukushona kukaMfundisi Andrews

GSAM 405.1NgoJulayi 26, 1883, uMfundisi uB. L. Whitney nomndeni wakhe bafika eBasel, yena eqokwe yiKomidi leNgqungquthela Jikelele ukuba aphathe leyo mishini, ukuzoba usizo kuMfundisi Andrews, owayenempilo eyayiwohloka ngokushesha. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, ngo-Okthoba walowo nyaka, washona.

GSAM 405.2UMfundisi Andrews akazange athole amathuba ezikole eziphakeme namakolishi ebuncaneni bakhe, kodwa wayefundiswe kahle, eyilokho umhlaba okubiza umuntu ozifundele yena noma owazenzela yena. Ngokuzimisela kwakhe ekufundeni, waba uchwepheshe olimini lwesiLatini, lwesiGreki nolwesiHebheru, kwathi eminyakeni yakhe yokugcina wafunda ulimi lwesiFulentshi. Ulimi lwesiFulentshi walufunda ukuze lusize ekuvuleni nasekuqhubeni umsebenzi eMishini yaseYurophu Ephakathi, lapho asebenza khona eminyakeni eyisithupha yokugcina yempilo yakhe, ebhala futhi eshicilela i-Signs of the Times yesiFulentshi, futhi efundisa ngalelo limi. Kwathi ngesikhathi esebenza kanjalo wafa.

GSAM 405UDkt. Kellogg eYurophu

GSAM 405.3Entwasahlobo ka-1883, uDkt. J. H. Kellogg wavakashela eYurophu ngenhloso yocwaningo lwezokwelapha. Wachitha izinsuku ezimbalwa emishinini yethu ngayinye, futhi ukuvakasha kwakhe kwaba umthombo omkhulu wokugqugquzela abasebenzi, ikakhulukazi izeluleko zakhe mayelana nomsebenzi eBasel zaziyaziswa kakhulu nguMfundisi Andrews.

GSAM 405UMfundisi uButler Uvakashela eYurophu

GSAM 405.4Engqungqutheleni Jikelele eyabanjelwa ngo-Okthoba, 1883, kwanconywa ukuthi kuqalwe, ngokushesha okukhulu okungenzeka, ukushicilelwa kwephephandaba eNgilandi. Ngenxa yenye ivoti eyadlulisiwe kule ngqungquthela, oMfundisi uGeo. I. Butler, uM. C. Wilcox, no-A. C. Bourdeau baya eYurophu naseNgilandi ukuyosiza emsebenzini. UMfundisi Butler wafika eGlasgow, eScotland, mhla ziyi-27 kuFebhuwari, 1884. Inhloso eyodwa yokuvakasha kukaMfundisi Butler emisebenzini yangaphandle kwakwukufunda ngokubona mathupha ubunzima bokuphatha umsebenzi emazweni angaphandle, nokuthi bangabunqoba kanjani. Yena naye wachitha isikhathi esithile eBasel, nasembindini weYurophu. U-A. C. Bourdeau wasebenza phakathi kwabantu baseFrance ezigodini zeAlps, phakathi kwamaWaldense; kanti uM. C. Wilcox wahlanganyela emsebenzini wokunyathelisa nokuhlela eNgilandi, wahlala kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka ka-1886.

GSAM 406Indlu Yokushicilela Yasungulwa eBasel

GSAM 406.1Ngo-1884, kwakhiwa eBasel indlu yokushicilela ebizwa nge-Imprimerie Polyglotte (igama elisho ukushicilela ngezilimi eziningi). NgoMashi 1885, uH. W. Kellogg wanikezwa igunya yiKomidi leNgqungquthela Jikelele ukuba avakashele eBasel, athenge imishini edingekayo yendlu yokunyathelisa. Wenza lokhu, ngaleyo ndlela kwasungulwa isikhungo sokunyathelisa esiphelele, esiphethwe ngama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa, edolobheni lasendulo laseBasel.

GSAM 406.2Ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kukaMfundisi Butler eYurophu, kwashicilelwa iphephandaba lesiJalimane elibizwa ngeHerold der Wahrheit ehhovisi laseBasel. Ngonyaka ofanayo kwashicilelwa iphephandaba lesiRomania, iAdevărulu Prezentu (Present Truth), kuleli hhovisi. Futhi elinye ngesi-Italy, elibizwa nge-L’Ultimo Messaggio (The Last Messages). Zombili lezi ziphephabhuku ezishiwo ekugcineni zaziyizincwajana ezinamakhasi ayishumi nesithupha ezishicilelwa kane ngonyaka. Engqungqutheleni yaseSwitzerland, ngo-Okthoba 1884, kwaphawulwa ukuthi phakathi nonyaka kwashicilelwa futhi kwasatshalaliswa amakhophi angu-146,000 alezi ziphephabhuku ezine. Kuze kube ngonyaka ka-1895, ngesikhathi ihhovisi lokunyathelisa (ngenxa yokuhlukunyezwa eBasel) lisuswa kulelo dolobha laya eHamburg, eJalimane, kwashicilelwa izincwadi namabhukwana ngezilimi eziyishumi nanye ezehlukene; okungukuthi, isiFulentshi, isiJalimane, isiNtaliyane, isiRomania, isiSpani, isiBohemia, isiRashiya, isiDashi, isiHungary, isi-Armenia, isiTurkey, kanye nesiTurkey-siGreki. Ngakho-ke, njengoba igama layo lisho, kwakuyisikhungo “esishicilela ngezilimi eziningi.”

GSAM 407UNkk. White uvakashela eYurophu

GSAM 407.1NgoSepthemba 3, 1885, uNkk. White, indodana yakhe uW. C. White nomndeni wabo bafika eBasel. Bachitha unyaka nohhafu emazweni amadala, bevakashela imishini etholakala ensimini yaseYurophu Ephakathi, lapho kwenziwa khona insizakalo ebalulekile emishinini ehlukene.

GSAM 407Ukusungulwa kweNgqungquthela yaseSwitzerland

GSAM 407.2NgoSepthemba 10, 1885, kwahlelwa iNgqungquthela yaseSwitzerland. Embikweni owawunikezwe ngaleso sikhathi kwashiwo ukuthi ingqungquthela yayakhiwe ngumshumayeli oyedwa ogcotshiwe, abayisikhombisa abanezimvume zokushumayela, amabandla ayishumi, namalungu angu-224. Bakhokha umnikelo weshumi lowo nyaka odlule waba ngu-$1,645.11. Ngaphezu kwalokho kwenziwe iminikelo yomsebenzi engu-$2,041.22.

GSAM 407UMfundisi Waggoner eYurophu

GSAM 407.3UNkk. White, noW. C. White nomndeni wakhe, babuyela eMelika ngo-1887. Ngonyaka ofanayo uMfundisi J. H. Waggoner wamenywa ukuba ahlanganyele neMishini yaseYurophu Ephakathi. Wachitha iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili kule ndawo, enze ikhaya lakhe, ngaleso sikhathi, eBasel. Kwaba kulesi dolobha lapho washona khona, mhla ziyi-20 ku-Ephreli 1889, njengoba bekushiwo ngaphambilini.

GSAM 407.4Impilo ebuthakathaka kaMfundisi Whitney, nokushona kwakhe okulandela (9 Ephreli 1889), kwaba esinye isigameko esibuhlungu kule mishini.

GSAM 407UMfundisi uRobinson eYurophu

GSAM 407.5UMfundisi uD. A. Robinson, owayesebenza eNgilandi, wakhethwa njengomlandeli kaMfundisi Whitney. Wasebenza ngokuzikhandla kulesi sifunda iminyaka ecishe ibe yisithupha, lapho, ngememo yeNgqungquthela Jikelele, wahamba waya eNdiya ngonyaka ka-1895. Ukuhamba kwakhe kwadinga ukumiselwa komunye umqondisi.

GSAM 408UMfundisi Holser, uMqondisi Womsebenzi Ensimini

GSAM 408.1UMfundisi uH. P. Holser wakhethwa kulesi sikhundla, futhi ngaphezu kwalesi sikhundla wakhethwa njengomphathi womsebenzi wonke weMishini yaseYurophu Ephakathi. Lapha wasebenza ngokuzikhandla nangempumelelo kuze kube ngonyaka ka-1901, lapho naye anqotshwa ngenxa yesifo. Wafa eCanyon City, eColorado, mhla ziyi-11 kuSepthemba 1901.

GSAM 408.2Naphezu kwalezi zimo ezinzima, imishini yakhula futhi wathuthuka, njengoba kubonakala embikweni owawenziwe eNgqungqutheleni Jikelele ngo-1895, othi iNgqungquthela yaseYurophu Ephakathi yayihlanganisa amabandla ayishumi nesishiyagalolunye anamalungu angu-484, abakhokhe umnikelo weshumi ngonyaka odlule wama-$4,378.18. Ngaleso sikhathi babe nabashumayeli abane abaqokiwe kanye nabahlanu ababenelayisensi.

GSAM 408IMISHINI YASEJALIMANE NASERASHIYA

GSAM 408.3Ngo-1870, uJ. H. Linderman, umfundisi webandla eliseduze ne-Elberfeld, ePrussia, kanye namalungu alo angamashumi amane, baqala ukugcina iSabatha losuku lwesikhombisa ngokufunda iBhayibheli, bengazi ngelinye iqembu lamaKristu emhlabeni elaligcina lolo suku njengeSabatha. Ulwazi ngale nhlangano lwafika kubantu bethu ngendlela engavamile. Isinxibi safika endlini yomishini eBasel ngeSabatha. Umndeni wawufunda isifundo sesikole seSabatha, amaBhayibheli evulekile phambi kwabo. Lesi sigameko samthinta kakhulu lowo muntu, kwamenza wabuza imibuzo.

GSAM 408Iqembu lase-Elberfeld

GSAM 408.4Lapho esezwa ukuthi babengewona amaJuda, kodwa amaKristu abagcina iSabatha losuku lwesikhombisa, wakhuluma ngale nhlangano yase-Elberfeld. UMfundisi Andrews wabona ukuthi kuhlakaniphile ukuhlola lesi sitatimende; ngakho-ke, ehambisana noMfundisi Erzenberger, waya ePrussia ekuqaleni kuka-1875, lapho bethola khona le nhlangano njengoba yayimelwe. UMfundisi u-Erzenberger wahlala isikhashana esebenza kule ngxenye yaseJalimane, futhi mhla ziyi-8 kuJanuwari 1876, kwabhapathizwa abantu abayisishiyagalombili e-Elberfeld, kwaba ukubhapathizwa kokuqala kwama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa eJalimane.

GSAM 409.1Iqiniso selithole isisekelo eRussia kusukela ngo-1882, ngenxa yezincwadi ezazithunyelwa abazalwane baseJalimane abaseMelika kubangane babo ezindaweni zamaJalimane eRussia.

GSAM 409UMfundisi uConradi eYurophu

GSAM 409.2Ngo-1885 uMfundisi L. R. Conradi washiya iMelika waya ensimini yaseYurophu Ephakathi, ukuzosebenza phakathi kwamaJalimane. Mhla ziyi-28 kuJuni 1886, washiya eBasel waya eCrimea, eRussia. Lapha, ehambisana noMfundisi Perk, wahamba waya eBerdebulat, lapho kwabhapathizwa khona odade ababili, kwathi kwahlelwa ibandla elinamalungu ayishumi nesishiyagalolunye, lokhu kwaba yibandla lokuqala lama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa eRussia.

GSAM 409OMfundisi uConradi noPerk bavalelwa ejele

GSAM 409.3Ngokushesha ngemuva kwalokhu oMfundisi Conradi no-Perk baboshwa ngokufundisa ngokuphikisana nenkolo yama-Orthodox, bavalelwa ejele amasonto amahlanu ePerekop. Ngemva kokukhululwa kwakhe (ngokungenelela kwenxusa lase-United States) uMfundisi Conradi wavakashela eMpumalanga yeRussia, wabe esebuyela eSwitzerland.

GSAM 409Umsebenzi eVolga, eRussia

GSAM 409.4Kwathi ngonyaka ofanayo uMfundisi uLaubhan waqala ukusebenza eRussia, eduze kwekhaya lakhe eliseMfuleni iVolga. Ngonyaka ka-1880, uMfundisi uKlein waseKansas waqala umsebenzi eRussia yamaJalimane, ngaleyo ndlela kwavuswa abasebenzi balo msebenzi onzima nowedlulele, yize abakholwayo babhekene nokuxoshwa nokuboshwa, iNkosi iwubusisile umsebenzi ngokumangalisayo.

GSAM 409Impumelelo yabasabalalisi bezincwadi eJalimane

GSAM 409.5Ngonyaka ka-1888, abasabalalisi bezincwadi baqala ukusebenza eRheinish-Prussia, eWürttemberg, eBaden, nase-Alsace. Kwaphumelela kakhulu laba basebenzi abayisishiyagalombili noma abayishumi abanesibindi nabathembekile kangangokuba ngonyaka owodwa kwathengiswa lezi zincwadi ezilandelayo: Life of Christ, 3,000; From Eden to Eden, 2,000; kanye namaphamphulethi angu-12,000. Ngenxa yalo msebenzi, cishe kuzo zonke izindawo izincwadi zathengiswa futhi zafundwa, abanye, oyedwa noma abaningi, bamukela iqiniso.

GSAM 410Umsebenzi weMishini Wavulwa eHamburg

GSAM 410.1NgoMeyi 1889, umsebenzi wemishini wavulwa eHamburg, eJalimane, nguMfundisi Conradi, futhi kungakapheli sikhathi eside kwasungulwa isikole sokuqeqesha abasebenzi. Ngo-Okthoba owalandela, kwahlelwa isikole seSabatha esinamalungu angamashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili. Kulo nyaka uMfundisi Haskell wavakashela imishini kwahlelwa ibandla elinamalungu angamashumi amabili, futhi kwasungulwa indawo yokugcina izincwadi.

GSAM 410.2UMfundisi uJ. T. Boettcher ngaleso sikhathi wayebandakanyekile emsebenzini waseJalimane eBarmen. Ngo-1890, kwethulwa umbiko eNgqungqutheleni Jikelele owaloba ukuthi emsebenzini waseJalimane-Rashiya kwakukhona amabandla ayisishiyagalolunye asunguliwe, anamalungu angu-422 wonke, ngaphandle kwabagcini beSabatha abangama-75 abangakahlelwa. Mhla ziyi-7 ku-Ephreli, ngonyaka ofanayo, abanye abayishumi nambili babhapathizwa, bahlanganyela nebandla laseHamburg. NgoDisemba ubulungu baleli bandla base bukhule bafinyelela kwabangu-40. Inani elitholwe ekuthengisweni kwezincwadi elivela endaweni yokugcina izincwadi eHamburg, eHolland, eRussia, nasezindaweni ezahlukene zaseJalimane, lalingama-$5,000.

GSAM 410Impumelelo eYurophu

GSAM 410.3Kancane kancane kodwa ngokuqinisekile umsebenzi wathuthuka eMishini yaseYurophu Ephakathi, njengoba kwavezwa embikweni owawunikezwe eNgqungqutheleni Jikelele ngo-1891. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakukhona amabandla amahlanu eJalimane, anamalungu ayikhulu namashumi amane, kwathi kulawo, angamashumi ayisithupha nane ayengamalungu ebandla laseHamburg. Okweshumi okwakhokhwayo kwakungu-$1,000. Izincwadi ezithengiswe ezikebheni ngumishinari wezikebhe eHamburg zafinyelela ku-$500, kanti ukuthengiswa kwabathengisi unyaka wonke emkhakheni wonke kwakungu-$6,000. Abangama-150 bamukele iqiniso e-Austria, kwakukhona amabandla ayishumi nantathu, anamalungu angama-400 eRussia.

GSAM 411Abahlanu abagcini beSabatha baseRussia baxoshwe

GSAM 411.1Ngalesi sikhathi (1891), abahlanu bamalungu ebandla laseRussia, kuhlanganise nomholi wayo, baboshwa ngokufundisa izimfundiso eziphikisana nebandla elisemthethweni, bagwetshwa ukugxothwa iminyaka emihlanu eTrans-Caucasus. Kwakumele baboshwe ndawonye ngamaketanga, futhi bekufanele bahambe amamayela angamakhulu amahlanu. Kulesi sivivinyo ukholo lwabo lwababamba, futhi bajabula eNkosini. Phakathi nonyaka kwakulungiswe incwajana ngendlela yokufunda iBhayibheli ngesiRashiya, mayelana nokuhlupheka kukaKristu, ukulala kwabafileyo, ukuthi nguwuphi usuku nokuthi kungani, nokuthi singakwazi yini ukwazi?

GSAM 411.2Ngesikhathi seNgqungquthela Jikelele ngo-1895, ubulungu eJalimane bonyuke bafinyelela ku-368, kanti umnikelo weshumi wonyaka odlule wawungu-$2,327.43.

GSAM 411Abagcini beSabatha abaningi eRussia

GSAM 411.3ERussia, naphezu kokuthi abaningi babehambe baya kwamanye amazwe, inani lamalungu lenyuke lafinyelela ku-467, abakhokhe okweshumi okungu-$841.60.

GSAM 411.4Ngokwesitatimende esenziwe ngunobhala wezomishini yangaphandle esifundweni sokufunda seviki lokuthandaza sango-1896, sifunda ukuthi

GSAM 411.4“ensimini yaseJalimane neRussia ngonyaka owedlule inani labo belisondele ekuphindweni kabili; inani labo lonyuswe ngokwengezwa kwabantu abangaphezu kwamakhulu amane. EBerlin, eJalimane, abantu abangamashumi ayisithupha babethamela izinkonzo ezijwayelekile zangeSabatha. Ukwakhiwa kwesonto lomishini eHamburg kwaqinisa umsebenzi lapho. E-Munich, eBavaria, abanye babelindele ukubhapathizwa. Kwakukhona abakholwayo eLeipsic, eKönigsberg, eMagdeburg, ePosen, eStuttgart, nakwamanye amadolobha ezihamba phambili eJalimane. Kwakukhona futhi iqembu eRotterdam, eHolland.

GSAM 412.1“ERussia, abasabalalisi bezincwadi babe sebethole izimvume zikahulumeni. Kwakuhunyushwe izincwadi ngolimi lwesiLettish nangesi-Estoni. Iphephandaba lesiJalimane lalisuswe eBasel laya eHamburg, futhi kulelo hhovisi babephrinta iqiniso ngezilimi eziyishumi nane.”

GSAM 412Umbhapathizo eHungary

GSAM 412.2Phakathi nonyaka kwenzeke ukubhapathizwa kokuqala eHungary, nomhlangano wokuqala wokugubha izimiso zenkolo eBohemia. Kwakusungulwe umsebenzi wokushumayela emikhunjini eGalatz, eRoumania, weDanube naseLwandle Olumnyama.

GSAM 412Ukuthengisa Izincwadi eJalimane

GSAM 412.3Ku-Home Missionary, ngoDisemba 1895, uMfundisi Spies wathi ngomsebenzi wokuthengisa izincwadi ensimini waseJalimane,

GSAM 412.3“Labo abaphethe umsebenzi wokuthengisa, lapho waqalwa kule nsimu, abazange bayeke ukuwuqhubekisela phambili, nakuba beqinisekiswe abanye babashicileli abahamba phambili nabathengisi bezincwadi eLeipsic ukuthi ‘ukuthengisa izincwadi ngokubhalisa kuzohluleka.’

GSAM 412.4“Ngo-Agasti ka-1887 kwakhishwa inguqulo yokuqala ye-Life of Christ ngolimi lwesiJalimane. Cishe ngesikhathi le ncwadi yayilungele ukusatshalaliswa, kwabanjwa umhlangano wokuqeqesha abathengisi eBasel; lokhu kwaphawula ukuqala komsebenzi wokuthengisa, hhayi eJalimane kuphela, kodwa nakuzo zonke izingxenye zaseYurophu. Inguqulo yesikhombisa yale ncwadi manje isikhishwe emshinini wokunyathelisa ngolimi lwesiJalimane.

GSAM 412.5“Kusukela mhla ziyi-1 kuJanuwari 1895, abathengisi abasha abayishumi nambili bangene emkhakheni. NgoJuni 1895, umbiko wakhombisa ukwanda okungu-50% ekuthengisweni. Njengamanje kuyenziwa umzamo okhethekile ngeHerold der Wahrheit, iphephandaba lethu lesiJalimane. Amanye amabandla angemakhulu kakhulu athatha amakhophi angamashumi amahlanu kuya kwangamakhulu amabili, awathengisa. Futhi bahlangabezana nokuhlangenwe nakho okumnandi kakhulu nabathengi. Ku-Review kamhla ziyi-18 kuFebhuwari 1896, uMfundisi Conradi wathi, ‘Siphetha u-1895 sinabagcini beSabatha abayinkulungwane namakhulu amahlanu ensimini yaseJalimane neRussia.’”

GSAM 413IMISHINI YASESKANDINAVIYA

GSAM 413.1Imishini kubantu baseScandinavia wavulwa nguMfundisi John Matteson ngonyaka ka-1877. Ngomhla ka-6 kuJuni wafika eVejle, eJylland, eDenmark. Lapho eya kulelo zwe kwakukhona abambalwa ababeqalile ukugcina iSabatha ngokufunda amaphephandaba namatrakthi ababathunyelwe ngabangane baseMelika.

GSAM 413.2Uma silandela ukuqhamuka komsebenzi lo, sifunda ukuthi ngo-1850, abantu abane ababehambile baya eMelika bevela eNorway baqala ukugcina iSabatha leNkosi. Babehlala e-Oakland, eWisconsin. Ababili kulaba kwakuyibaba nomama kaMfundisi O. A. Olsen. Ngo-1863 uMfundisi John Matteson waqala ukugcina iSabatha yosuku lwesikhombisa. Wayehlala ePoysippi, eWisconsin. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezalandela, ngomsebenzi wakhe, cishe amaDanish-Norwegian angamashumi amane amukela izimfundiso zama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa. Umshumayeli wokuqala osebenzayo ojoyine naye emsebenzini kwakunguMfundisi J. F. Hanson waseMinnesota.

GSAM 413Incwadi Yokuqala Eshicilelwe NgesiDanish-Norwegian

GSAM 413.3Ngonyaka ka-1866, uMfundisi uJohn Matteson wafaka isicelo kubaphathi behhovisi le-Review and Herald ukuze athole ukuthi ngabe bazokwazi yini ukuphrinta, ukuze kusetshenziswe ngabantu baseScandinavia, amaphamphulethi namatrakthi ngolimi lwabo. Waziswa ukuthi ukuntuleka kwezimali ehhovisi kwakuvimbela ukwenza kanjalo; kodwa kwakukhona abantu besizwe sakhe eWisconsin naseMinnesota ababefuna kakhulu ukuthi iqiniso lishicilelwe ngolimi lwabo lwasekhaya, kangangokuba, yize bengabantu abaphansi ngokwezimali futhi bebebalelwa ngaphansi kwama-50, baqoqa u-$1,000 ngemali, bawubeka ezandleni zakhe ngenhloso yalokho. Ngale mali kanye nenqwaba yombhalo olungiselelwe kahle, uMfundisi Matteson wafika e-Battle Creek, waphinde wacela izincwadi eziphrintiwe. Njengoba wayelungele ukuphendula iziphikiso ezazivele zikhona ngaphambilini, izifiso zakhe zamukelwa, kwathi ngomhlaka 18 Mashi 1867 waqala ukufunda umbhalo wakhe, owawulungiselelwe incwadi yakhe ethi Liv og Død (Life and Death), kuMfundisi J. N. Andrews nakimi, esasingamalungu ekomidi lokushicilela. Ngamanye amazwi, wasitshela ngesiNgisi lokho umbhalo wakhe owawukusho ngesiDanish-Norwegian.

GSAM 414UMfundisi uMatteson Waba Umshicileli

GSAM 414.1Ngaleso sikhathi kwakungekho mshicileli ongakhululwa ukuzomfakela izinhlamvu zokunyathelisa, ngakho-ke wacela ilungelo lokufunda ukuzifaka yena uqobo. Waqhubeka nalo msebenzi kuze kwaba sekushicilelwe cishe amakhasi ayinkulungwane wamaphamphulethi nezincwajana ngolimi lwakhe.

GSAM 414.2Ngalesi sixhobo esisha sokwabelana ngeqiniso phakathi kwabantu bakhe, wahamba ngenhliziyo entsha, ehlela imihlangano ezifundazweni ezahlukene. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi umsebenzi wathuthuka ngokushesha phakathi kwamaScandinavia.

GSAM 414Iphephabhuku Lokuqala Langaphandle

GSAM 414.3Umsebenzi phakathi kwamaDanish-Norwegian wawukhule kangangokuba kwavela isidingo sephephandaba lanyanga zonke lapho abantu balelo zwe bengathola khona imfundiso nokukhuthazwa ngolimi lwabo. Ngakho-ke, mhla ziyi-1 kuJanuwari 1872, ehhovisi leReview and Herald, kwakhishwa iphephandaba lanyanga zonke ngesiDanish, umagazini wamakhasi angamashumi amabili nane, ogama lingu-Advent Tidende (Advent Tidings). Ngonyaka olandelayo usayizi waleli phephabhuku wakhuphuka waba namakhasi angamashumi amathathu nambili. Kwaba yiphephabhuku lokuqala elakhishwa ngama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa ngolimi lwangaphandle.

GSAM 414.4Ngo-1874, intshisekelo yayikhulu phakathi kwabakholwa abakhuluma isiSwidi kangangokuba kwaqalwa iphephabhuku elinamakhasi ayishumi nesithupha elikhishwa njalo ngenyanga ngalolo limi, elabizwa ngokuthi Svensk Härold.

GSAM 414.5Ngaleso sikhathi uMfundisi uMatteson angena emsebenzini wokushumayela kubantu baseScandinavia (Juni, 1877) ezweni lasekhaya, amakhophi angu-266 e-Tidende ayethunyelwa evela eMelika njalo ngenyanga eya eDenmark, kanti angu-60 ayeya eNorway. Ngokufunda lawa maphephabhuku, abantu abaningi babesevele begcina iSabatha eScandinavia. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe wonyaka owodwa eDenmark, kwavuswa amaqembu abakholwa ezindaweni eziningana ezehlukene.

GSAM 415Ihhovisi Lokushicilela eNorway

GSAM 415.1Ngemva kwalokhu uMfundisi Matteson waya eNorway, lapho mhla ziyi-7 kuJuni 1879, wasungula ibandla elinamalungu angamashumi amathathu nesishiyagalombili, ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe eChristiana. UMfundisi J. P. Jasperson, ovela eMelika, wahlanganyela naye enkonzweni cishe ngalesi sikhathi. Ngonyaka ofanayo kwaphinde kwasungulwa inhlangano yokushicilela eNorway, kwathengwa impahla eChristiana yokuba ihhovisi lokushicilela, igumbi lokuhlangana lezinsizakalo zebandla, namakamelo okuhlala, ngentengo engu-$14,580. Okwesikhashana kwashicilelwa inguqulo encane yephephandaba elibizwa ngeTidernes Tegn njalo ngesonto evela ehhovisi laseChristiana.

GSAM 415.2Ekuqaleni kwekwindla lonyaka ka-1880, uMfundisi Matteson wafika eMelika ukuze athole usizo lokwandisa umsebenzi waseScandinavia. Wahambela iNgqungquthela Jikelele yalowo nyaka, wabuyela eYurophu ngo-Ephreli 1881, ekhuthazekile kakhulu. Maduzane nje ngemva kokubuyela kwakhe, kwathengwa umshini wokunyathelisa wesilinda wabekwa ehhovisi laseChristiana.

GSAM 415Amaphephabhuku Ezempilo ngesiDanish nangesiSwedish

GSAM 415.3Baqala ngokushesha ukushicilela iphephabhuku lezempilo ngesiDanish, elibizwa nge-Sundheds Bladet. Ngo-1883 washicilela iphephabhuku elifanayo ngesiSwedish, kanye nephephabhuku lenkolo, elibizwa nge-Sanningens Härold. Ngo-1884 babe nezimpahla zehhovisi ezilinganiselwa ku-$2,563. Kulo nyaka kwashicilelwa futhi kwasatshalaliswa amaphepha angu-115,000 wonke, ngaphandle kwezinkulungwane eziningi zamatrakthi, kanye namanye amabhuku.

GSAM 415UMfundisi Haskell eScandinavia

GSAM 415.4Umsebenzi emazweni aseScandinavia wathola usizo olukhulu ngokuvakashelwa kukaMfundisi Haskell ngo-1882, futhi ngo-1884 basizwa kakhulu ngomsebenzi woMfundisi uGeo. I. Butler, uB. L. Whitney, uA. B. Oyen, no-E. G. Olsen.

GSAM 416UNkk. White Usiza Kakhulu eScandinavia

GSAM 416.1Ngo-1885, uNkk. E. G. White nendodana yakhe, uW. C. White, bavakashela eScandinavia, okuwusizo olungenakulinganiswa emsebenzini walelo zwe. Abanye babe nombono wokuthi abampofu abakwazanga ukukhokha okweshumi kulelo zwe, nokuthi kwakungasizi ukuzama ukuthengisa izincwadi. Ubufakazi obulethwa nguNkk. White babufanele isikhathi futhi bamukelwa kahle ngabantu, njengoba kwabonakala ekuphendulweni okwashiwo ngalezi zisho, “Yonke into iNkosi eyishilo sizoyenza, futhi sizolalela.” Ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwenzeka ushintsho oluphelele emkhakheni waseScandinavia, olwalubangelwa ikakhulukazi imizamo engapheli kaNkk. White.

GSAM 416Isakhiwo Esisha Sehhovisi Sakhiwe eNorway

GSAM 416.2Ngo-1886 oMfundisi O. A. Olsen noN. Clausen bavakashela amazwe aseScandinavia, lo wesibili wahlala khona isikhathi eside. Ngo-1885 kwakhiwe isakhiwo esisha sehhovisi eChristiana, futhi ngonyaka owaphela mhla ziyi-1 kuSepthemba 1886, ihhovisi lathola imali engu-$5,386.68 ngokuthengisa izincwadi namabhukwana kuphela, kanti imali etholiwe ngemibhaliso yamaphephabhuku yayingu-$3,146.03.

GSAM 416Amabandla angamashumi amabili nanhlanu eScandinavia

GSAM 416.3Umbiko owawunikwa iNgqungquthela Jikelele ngo-1889 wathi ensimini yaseScandinavia kwakukhona amabandla angamashumi amabili nanhlanu, anamalungu angu-926, akhokhe okweshumi okungu-$2,548.75; kwakukhona futhi abashumayeli abayisithupha, abane abanelayisensi, nabathengisi abangamashumi amahlanu nambili. Ukuthengiswa kwezincwadi eNorway naseSweden ekoteni eyodwa kwakungu-$2,161.26.

GSAM 416Isikole eChristiana

GSAM 416.4Ngaleso sikhathi kwakukhona isikole eChristiana esabafundi abangamashumi amahlanu. Ngo-1891 kwaqhutshwa izifundo zeBhayibheli eChristiana, ezaqhutshwa ngoMfundisi O. A. Olsen no-E. J. Waggoner, zinabafundi abayikhulu ababekhona. Kulezi zifundo kwakunikezwa imfundo ejulile ngomsebenzi wokuthengisa izincwadi.

GSAM 417Amabandla angamashumi amane eScandinavia ngo-1895

GSAM 417.1Emuva kweminyaka eyisithupha, ngo-1895, siqaphela umbiko onikezwe uMfundisi D. A. Robinson, owayengumphathi wesifunda sezinsimu zangaphandle, okhombisa ngokusobala ukukhula okukhulu emsebenzini ngaleso sikhathi, ngakho-ke sicaphuna kanje: “IScandinavia inamabandla angamashumi amane, namalungu angu-1,458. Okweshumi konyaka kwakungu-$5,585.55. Kukhona abashumayeli abayishumi nanhlanu abaqokiwe, abayishumi nanye abanelayisensi, kanti imali etholiwe ekuthengisweni kwezincwadi kulo nyaka ifinyelela ku-$40,000. Le mali eningi ikakhulu ngenxa yemizamo yabathengisi bezincwadi, futhi lokhu kwenzeka ezweni lapho, ngo-1885, abathengisi bezincwadi, ngisho nabashumayeli bokholo lwethu, babesithi ukuthengisa izincwadi ngokuhamba endlini ngendlini akwenzeki.

GSAM 417Izingqungquthela Ezintathu ZaseScandinavia

GSAM 417.2Ensimini yaseScandinavia okwamanje kunezingqungquthela ezintathu, izinsuku zokusungulwa kwazo zimi kanje: eDenmark, mhlaka 30 Meyi 1880; eSweden, mhlaka 12 Mashi 1882; eNorway, mhlaka 10 Juni 1887. UMfundisi uJohn Matteson, owavula iMishini yaseScandinavia wabe esephayona lo msebenzi ngempumelelo enkulu, futhi owazikhandla ngokuzikhandla nangokuzidela ngenxa yokuphumelela kwabantu balapho, wahlushwa yilesi sifo esibulalayo, isifo sofuba, wafa e-El Monte, eCalifornia, mhla zingama-30 kuMashi 1896, eneminyaka engu-61 ubudala.

GSAM 417IMISHINI YASEBRITHANI

GSAM 417.3UWilliam Ings, owazalelwa eHampshire, eNgilandi, kodwa engumMelika ngomoya nangemfundo, njengoba ebehlala e-United States kusukela ebuncaneni, wafika eSouthampton evela eBasel, eSwitzerland, mhla ziyi-23 kuMeyi 1878. Ngaleso sikhathi ukuhlala kwakhe bekumfushane, kwaba amasonto amabili kuphela, lapho abuyela khona eYurophu isikhashana. Nokho, kamuva nje wabuyela eSouthampton, lapho, ngemva kwezinyanga ezine zokusebenza endlini ngendlini ekusabalaliseni amapheshana nokwenza imisebenzi yobumishinari eyayivelile, wabika abantu abayishumi abagcina iSabatha. Mhla zingama-30 kuDisemba walowo nyaka, mina nomkami safika eSouthampton, lapho imisebenzi yethu yahlanganiswa naleyo kaMfundisi Ings, ngokubamba imihlangano ebusika eShirley Hall, nasendlini esasiyiqashile. Ehlobo lika-1879, sabamba imihlangano yamatende eSouthampton. Ngalesi sikhathi nangalesi ndawo uNksz. Maud Sisley (manje uNkk. Boyd) wahlanganyela emsebenzini, enikeza izifundo zeBhayibheli futhi esebenza ukusuka endlini aye endlini. Ngenxa yalo mzamo, abaningi bamukela iqiniso. Ebusika elalandela sabamba imihlangano egumbini eRavenswood Villa, isakhiwo esasihlala kuso futhi esasinendawo yethu yokugcina izimpahla.

GSAM 418Umhlangano Wetende eNgilandi

GSAM 418.1Ehlobo lika-1880, uMfundisi Andrews, nakuba ebuthakathaka empilweni, wavela eSwitzerland ukuze asize emhlanganweni wetende eRomsey, lapho abanye abantu bamukela umyalezo.

GSAM 418.2Mhla ziyi-11 kuJanuwari 1880, kwasungulwa inhlangano yamabhukwana. Kulo msebenzi amalungu ayenentshisekelo enkulu, kwasatshalaliswa izincwadi eziningi.

GSAM 418.3Mhla ziyi-8 kuFebhuwari 1880, kwenzeka umbhapathizo wethu wokuqala futhi wanikezwa abafakizicelo abayisithupha. Kuze kube mhla zi-2 kuJulayi 1881, abafakizicelo abangamashumi amabili nesishiyagalolunye babhapathizwe eSouthampton.

GSAM 418Abasebenzi Bandile eNgilandi

GSAM 418.4Ngokuvota kweNgqungquthela Jikelele eyabanjelwa ekwindla ka-1881, uMfundisi u-A. A. John nomkakhe, uGeo. R. Drew, noNksz. Jennie Thayer baya eNgilandi, bahlanganyela emsebenzini kule nsimu yomsebenzi wokushumayela. Phakathi nonyaka ka-1882, uMfundisi uHaskell wavakashela insimu yaseYurophu, wachitha izinsuku eziningana nabasebenzi emsebenzini wokushumayela waseNgilandi, enikela ngosizo oluwusizo ngokunikeza izeluleko neziphakamiso.

GSAM 418.5NgoMashi 1882, kwaqala ukuphrintwa isithasiselo saseBrithani samakhasi amabili se-Signs of the Times, futhi sahlanganiswa namakhophi ayinkulungwane e-Signs athunyelwe evela eMelika. Lezi zasetshenziswa emsebenzini wobumishinari eGreat Britain. Umbiko womsebenzi, mhla ziyi-1 ku-Okthoba 1883, ubonisa ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi kwakukhona abagcini beSabatha abayikhulu. Okweshumi ezakhokhwa kusukela ekuvulweni komsebenzi wokushumayela zaziyi-$2,078.71.

GSAM 419Umsebenzi Wobumishinari Emikhunjini

GSAM 419.1Ngenxa yomusa wabaphathi bemikhumbi, uMfundisi Ings wavunyelwa ukuthumela amaphakethe wamabhukwana nemibhalo mahhala ezikhumulweni ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalombili eziyinhloko ze-“Peninsular and Oriental Steam Ship Company” eNingizimu Afrika, eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga Indies, eMelika Ephakathi, naseZiqhingini zaseBay. Kwakuyithonya lokhu okuqukethwe okufundwayo okuthunyelwe okwavusa intshisekelo okokuqala esiqhingini saseDemarara. Lolu lwazi saluthola ngezincwadi ezivela esiQhingini.

GSAM 419“History of the Sabbath” Yabekwa Emalabhulali AseNgilandi

GSAM 419.2Ikhophi yencwadi kaMfundisi u-Andrews ethi History of the Sabbath nayo yafakwa emalabhulali omphakathi angamashumi ayisithupha nasezindlini zokufunda zamahhala kulo lonke elaseBrithani, futhi lawo mabhuku asekhona khona namanje, etshela indaba kulabo abafuna ukuyifunda.

GSAM 419.3Ngo-1884 uMfundisi uButler wavakashela eNgilandi, ehambisana nabanye abasebenzi bale nsimu. OMfundisi uS. H. Lane noRobert Andrews bahamba ngomkhumbi besuka eBoston ukuze bajoyine umsebenzi wokushumayela eBrithani Elikhulu ngomhlaka 9 Meyi 1885. Ukuvakasha kukaNkk. White eNgilandi kwaba umthombo wamandla nokukhuthazo kubasebenzi. UNkk. White nendodana yakhe bachitha amasonto ambalwa lapho ngaphambi kokubuyela kwabo eMelika besuka emkhakheni waseYurophu.

GSAM 419“Present Truth” yaqala

GSAM 419.4Ekuqaleni kuka-1884, ngokushesha nje lapho uMfundisi Butler efika eNgilandi, kwanqunywa ukuqala eGrimsby, noM. C. Wilcox njengomhleli, iphephandaba elinamakhasi ayisishiyagalombili eliprintwa kabili ngenyanga, elibizwa ngokuthi i-Present Truth. Manje seliprintwa njengemagazini enamakhasi ayishumi nesithupha eviki eLondon, eNgilandi, namakhophi acishe abe ngu-18,000 ngesonto.

GSAM 420.1Ngo-1889, uMfundisi Holser wabika ukuthi iMishini yaseBrithani yayihlanganisa amabandla ayisishiyagalombili, nabagcini beSabatha abangamakhulu amabili, kubo abangamashumi ayisithupha nanhlanu babe eLondon. Okweshumi konyaka odlule kwakungu-$1,244.58. Kwakukhona abashumayeli ababili abaqokiwe, abanelayisensi ababili, abamishinari basemikhunjini ababili, nabasebenzi beBhayibheli abayisikhombisa. Kwaba cishe ngalesi sikhathi lapho oMfundisi uWm. Hutchinson noFrancis Hope bengena emishinini yaseNgilandi.

GSAM 420I-Pacific Press eLondon

GSAM 420.2Ngo-1890 iPacific Press Publishing Company, yase-Oakland, eCalifornia, yasungula ihhovisi lesigatsha e-48 Paternoster Row, eLondon, kanye nehhovisi lokunyathelisa e-451 Holloway Road, eLondon, N. Ukuthengiswa kwezincwadi okuvela kuleli hhovisi ngonyaka wokuqala, ngamanani okuthengisa ngobuningi, kwaba ngu-$9,556.89.

GSAM 420.3NgoFebhuwari 1895, uMfundisi uRobinson wethula umbiko olandelayo:

GSAM 420.3“EGreat Britain kunamabandla ayishumi nanye, amalungu angu-363, abashumayeli abahlanu, nomuntu oyedwa onelayisensi. Okweshumi konyaka owedlule yayingu-$5,077.20, noma isilinganiso se-$13.98 ngelungu ngalinye. Impahla yehhovisi lokushicilela manje iphethwe futhi ilawulwa yi-International Tract Society, Limited, inkampani yaseNgilandi.”

GSAM 420.4NgoDisemba 1895, uNobhala Wezomishini Yangaphandle wabika ukuthi eGreat Britain kwakukhona amalungu angu-560. Okweshumi konyaka kwenyuka ngama-$1,000. Ngaleso sikhathi, amaqembu ayisishiyagalombili ayehlangana ngeSabatha ezindaweni ezahlukene eLondon.

GSAM 420.5Ngakho-ke umsebenzi kule nsimu yomsebenzi wokushumayela wathuthuka, kwesinye isikhathi cishe ungabonakali. Imbewu ayikhuli ngokushesha ohlabathini oluthile njengakwezinye. Ukuhluma kwayo kuthatha isikhathi eside, kodwa ukukhula kwayo kuqinisekile futhi kunamandla. Kunjalo nangempela ngeqiniso lomyalezo wesithathu kuleli mbuso. Imbewu yalo seyitshalwe, yathola izimpande, futhi yakhula kancane kuze kube manje ifinyelele usayizi omkhulu uma kuqhathaniswa.

GSAM 421IMISHINI YASE-AUSTRALASIA

GSAM 421.1Meyi 10, 1885, oMfundisi uS. N. Haskell, uJ. O. Corliss nomndeni wakhe, uM. C. Israel nomndeni wakhe, uWm. E. Arnold, noHenry Scott bahamba ngomkhumbi besuka eSan Francisco ukuze bavule umsebenzi wokushumayela ezweni lase-Australia. Eminyakeni eyishumi nanye ngaphambi kwalokhu, ngo-1874, emhlanganweni owawubanjelwe eBattle Creek, uNkk. White wathi izizwe eziningi zisazokwamukela iqiniso, futhi wabona imishini yokunyathelisa isebenza, nezincwadi namaphephandaba zishicilelwa emazweni ahlukene. Lapho ebuzwa ukuthi yimaphi amazwe ayekhuluma ngawo, waphendula wathi i-Australia yedwa igama ayelikhumbulayo.

GSAM 421I-Bible Echo

GSAM 421.2Ngenxa yomsebenzi onzima nowempumelelo kaMfundisi Haskell nabalingani bakhe, umyalezo wathuthuka ngokushesha kangangokuba kwabhekwa kufanelekile ukuphrinta iphephandaba e-Australia. Ngakho-ke, kwenziwa amalungiselelo okuphrinta, futhi mhla ziyi-1 kuJanuwari 1886, kwakhishwa iphephandaba elinamakhasi ayishumi nesithupha elenziwa njalo ngenyanga eMelbourne, elabizwa ngeBible Echo and Signs of the Times. Le nombolo yokuqala yashicilelwa izinkulungwane eziyisithupha, kanti ukushicilelwa okuvamile kwakuyizinkulungwane ezintathu kuphela.

GSAM 421Ibandla Lokuqala Elakhiwe e-Australia

GSAM 421.3NgoSonto, mhlaka 10 Ephreli 1886, kwahlelwa ibandla lokuqala lama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa e-Australia. Kwakukhona abantu abayishumi nesishiyagalombili ababekhona abasayine isivumelwano, nabanye abayisikhombisa bafaka isicelo sokwamukelwa ngobhapathizo. Laba babhapathizwa ngeSabatha elalandela, futhi njalo ngeSabatha amasonto ambalwa kwengezwa amalungu, kwaze kwaba namalungu ebandla angamashumi amahlanu nanhlanu. Kuze kube uMeyi 1886, inani eliphelele lababhalisile lalingamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye. Ngaphandle kwabo, kwakukhona cishe abangamashumi amathathu nanhlanu kwezinye izindawo ababegcina iSabatha.

GSAM 421.4Ehhovisi lokunyathelisa kwakukhona imishini yokunyathelisa emibili enhle nenjini, konke kwakukhokhelwe futhi kwakuyimpahla yama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa kulelo zwe elikude—cishe amamayela ayizinkulungwane eziyisikhombisa ukusuka ehhovisi lethu elikhulu elise-Oakland, eCalifornia.

GSAM 422.1Ngo-1886 umyalezo wawusabalala waya eNew Zealand. Umbiko osuka emkhakheni wase-Australia uthi kwakukhona abagcini beSabatha abangamashumi amahlanu eNew Zealand. Inani elatholakala ekuthengisweni kwezincwadi ehhovisi lalingama-$700. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, abathengisi bathengise amakhophi angamakhulu amane e-Great Controversy eNew Zealand, namakhophi ayinkulungwane e-Thoughts on Daniel e-Australia.

GSAM 422Isakhiwo Sehhovisi Lase-Australia

GSAM 422.2Ngokombiko owethulwe ngomhlaka 19 Julayi 1889, sithola lawa maphuzu alandelayo: isakhiwo sehhovisi lokunyathelisa eMelbourne sesiqediwe, esinendlu yokukhulekela yezinkonzo zebandla.

GSAM 422Umsebenzi Ungena eTasmania

GSAM 422.3Kuhlelwe ingqungquthela kokubili e-Australia naseNew Zealand, futhi umsebenzi wandiswa, nguMfundisi u-Israel noSteed, wawela eTasmania. Endaweni yokugcina, sezivele zihlelwe amabandla amathathu, anamalungu angama-136. Ngaphandle kwalawo, kukhona nabanye abagcini beSabatha abasakazekile abangakahlelwa okwamanje.

GSAM 422.4Okweshumi konyaka emkhakheni wase-Australia kwakungu-$9,371. Kwakukhona abathengisi abayishumi nanhlanu emkhakheni, abathengise izincwadi ezafinyelela ku-$19,500.

GSAM 422.5Ohambweni lwesibili lukaMfundisi uHaskell lomhlaba wonke, waphinde wavakashela e-Australia, wahambela ingqungquthela yabo eyayibanjelwe ngo-Agasti 1889, futhi ngezindlela eziningi wanikeza usizo olusebenzayo, olwabongwa kakhulu yilowo qembu elalisha elalibunjwe. Abasebenzi abahlukene abavela eMelika ngezikhathi ezithile bavakashele e-Australia ngenhloso yento eyodwa enkulu—ukwakha nokuqinisa umsebenzi kaNkulunkulu.

GSAM 422UNkk. White e-Australia

GSAM 422.6Ekwindla ka-1891, uNkk. E. G. White, indodana yakhe uW. C. White, uMfundisi uGeo. B. Starr nabanye bashiya iCalifornia baya e-Australia, befika ngoDisemba—phakathi nehlobo kulowo mzwekazi. Ubufakazi bukaNkk. White, naphezu kobuthakathaka bomzimba abebhekene nabo phakathi neminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye yokuhlala kwakhe kulelo zwe, bwasiza kakhulu ekubekeni umsebenzi endaweni efanele maqondana nomoya nomongo womyalezo wengelosi yesithathu. Ngesikhathi besese-Australia, uMfundisi uJ. O. Corliss waphinda wahlanganyela emsebenzini lapha, kwathi uW. A. Colcord nabanye bangena ensimini njengabashumayeli, othisha, njll.

GSAM 423UMfundisi u-Olsen e-Australia

GSAM 423.1Ngesikhathi sokuphatha kukaMfundisi O. A. Olsen njengomongameli weNgqungquthela Jikelele, wavakashela zonke izikhungo zethu ezihamba phambili kuyo yonke indawo yelizwe. Lokhu kwadinga ukuhamba okuningi—uhambo lomhlaba wonke. Wenza lokhu ukuze azijwayeze kangcono izidingo zazo nesimo samamishini ahlukene, ukuze alungele ukuzisebenzela ngokungakhethi. Kwakulolu hambo, ngo-1893, lapho achitha khona amasonto ambalwa e-Australia.

GSAM 423INgqungquthela Yombutho yase-Australasia

GSAM 423.2Ngalesi sikhathi kwahlelwa iNgqungquthela Yombutho yase-Australasia, eyayihlanganisa izingqungquthela zase-Australia naseNew Zealand kanye nezinkundla zemishini zase-Australia. Le ngqungquthela ihlangana kanye eminyakeni emibili, futhi iqhutshwa ngokohlelo lwezingqungquthela zombutho kwamanye amazwe. Ngonyaka ka-1893 abathengisi abambalwa ababekule nsimu bathengisa ishicilelo elingu-5,000 le-Izinyatelo Eziya ku Kristu, kwashicilelwa futhi ishicilelo lesibili ngenani elifanayo. Ehlobo lika-1894-95, bathola ama-oda angu-4,000 ezincwadi zokubhalisa ezinyangeni ezine.

GSAM 423UMfundisi Prescott e-Australia

GSAM 423.3Ngo-1895 uMfundisi W. W. Prescott, uNobhala Wezemfundo wenhlangano, wachitha izinyanga eziningana kule ngqungquthela, enikela isikhathi esiningi nemicabango kulo mgatsha womsebenzi. Phakathi naleso sikhathi wahola isikhungo yezemfundo eyayinenzuzo enkulu kubo.

GSAM 424.1Umbiko owawenziwe eNgqungqutheleni Jikelele womsebenzi wonyaka wawethulwa nguMfundisi W. C. White futhi ume kanje:

GSAM 424.1“INgqungquthela Yombutho yase-Australia yakhiwe amabandla ayishumi nesikhombisa anamalungu angu-1074, abakhokhe okweshumi ngonyaka odlule okungu-$9,810.10. Le ngqungquthela inabashumayeli abayishumi nambili abaqokiwe, ababili abanelayisensi, abasebenzi beBhayibheli abathathu, nabathengisi abangamashumi amahlanu, abathengise phakathi nonyaka izincwadi ezibiza u-$28,731.11. Phakathi nonyaka ikoloni yaseNew South Wales, enamabandla ayisithupha namalungu angu-321, yahlukaniswa neNgqungquthela yase-Australia, laqanjwa ngokuthi iNgqungquthela yaseNew South Wales.”

GSAM 424IMISHINI YASE-AFRIKA ENINGIZIMU

GSAM 424.2Engqungqutheleni Jikelele eyabanjelwa eBattle Creek ngo-1886, kwacutshungulwa umbuzo wokuvula umsebenzi wokushumayela eNingizimu Afrika. Njengoba kwathathwa isinqumo esisekela lo msebenzi, ehlobo lokuqala lika-1887 kwenziwa umzamo wokusungula lo msebenzi kulelo lizwe elikude, lapho abambalwa, ababevele baqala ukugcina iSabatha, bebecela abasebenzi.

GSAM 424OMfundisi uBoyd noRobinson eNingizimu Afrika

GSAM 424.3Ngale njongo, ngomhlaka 11 Meyi, uMfundisi C. L. Boyd nomndeni wakhe, uMfundisi D. A. Robinson nomkakhe, kanye nabanye abasebenzi, bahamba ngomkhumbi besuka eNew York City, beya e-Afrika, bedlula eLiverpool naseLondon. Emuva kweminyaka emithathu, eNgqungqutheleni Jikelele, uMnu. P. W. B. Wessels wathi lapho laba basebenzi befika e-Afrika kwakukhona cishe abantu abangamashumi amane ababevele begcina iSabatha lomyalelo wesine ngenxa yokufunda izincwadi ngalesi sihloko nokutadisha imiBhalo.

GSAM 424.4OMfundisi uRobinson noBoyd baqala umsebenzi womshumayelo eCape Town, kwathi kusukela lapho wawanda waya enyakatho-mpumalanga cishe amamayela angamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili ukuya eKimberley, emasimini amadayimane.

GSAM 424.5Kuze kube ngonyaka ka-1889, kwakukhona abashumayeli ababili kuphela, umuntu oyedwa onelayisensi, amabandla amane, namalungu angamashumi ayisishiyagalombili; laba bakhokha okweshumi okungu-$2,798.36. Kulo nyaka uMfundisi u-Ira J. Hankins, waseMelika, wasebenza eCape Town ngemiphumela emihle, kanti uMnu. noNkk. Druillard beza bevela eNebraska ukuze bajoyine lo msebenzi lapha, babelane ngomsebenzi nobunzima obuhlangabezana nalabo ababizelwe ukuqala umsebenzi ensimini entsha. Imisebenzi kaNkk. Druillard yayigxile kakhulu endaweni yokugcina izincwadi, lapho umsebenzi waleli gatsha wawuphathwa ngaphansi kokuphatha kwakhe; kanti uMnu. Druillard wayematasatasa emsebenzini wobumishinari jikelele. Phakathi nonyaka, emikhunjini ezifika kuleli chweba, wathengisa izincwadi ezazibiza u-$750.

GSAM 425UMfundisi Haskell e-Afrika

GSAM 425.1Kwaba ngo-Agasti walowo nyaka uMfundisi uHaskell efika eCape Town. Izinyanga ezinhlanu zachithwa kahle evakashela futhi esebenza namaqembu ahlukene eNingizimu Afrika. Ngalokhu kuvakasha, umsebenzi waqiniswa futhi wakhuliswa, nenhliziyo yakhe yakhuthazwa ngokubona isithelo somsebenzi wakhe. Kwavuswa intshisekelo emsebenzini wemfundo, kangangokuba abafundi abayishumi nambili abavela e-Afrika bafika eMelika ukuze bafunde ezikoleni zethu zenhlangano.

GSAM 425.2Phakathi naleso sikhathi, umsebenzi wokuthengisa izincwadi wathola ukunakwa okufanele. Kwabanjwa isikhungo ngenhloso yalo msebenzi eCape Town, eyayiholwa nguMnu. E. M. Morrison, eyahlinzeka ngempilo entsha namandla kulesi sigatsha esibalulekile somyalezo. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuqeqeshwa okunikezwe kulesi sikhungo, abathengisi abayishumi nantathu, ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, bathengisa futhi baletha izincwadi ngenani lika-$5,621.28. Eqinisweni, ama-oda ayeniningi kangangokuba “agcwalisa” ngokuphelele ihhovisi laseLondon, njengoba izincwadi zazingakwazi ukulungiswa ngokushesha okwanele ukuhlangabezana nesidingo.

GSAM 425.3Ngonyaka ka-1892, uMfundisi A. T. Robinson wahlanganyela emsebenzini eNingizimu Afrika. Ngaleso sikhathi umsebenzi wawukhule kangangokuba kwadingeka indawo entsha yokugcina izimpahla esikhundleni sendala. Ngakho-ke kwakhiwa isakhiwo esisha esanele ukuba sibe nezindawo zemihlangano yebandla.

GSAM 426Isakhiwo Sekolishi e-Afrika

GSAM 426.1Ngakho-ke umsebenzi uyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka kancane kancane, kwaze kwaba eClaremont, indawo engaphandle kweCape Town, kwakhiwa isakhiwo sekolishi esabiza u-$35,000. Usizo olulodwa olwalufunwa kubafowethu baseMelika kwakuwukuthumela iqembu labafundisi abafanelekayo ukufundisa izifundo zekolishi, kanti bona babezokhokhela izindleko. Njengoba lesi sicelo sagcwaliseka, isikole savulwa ngomhlaka 1 Febhuwari 1893.

GSAM 426INgqungquthela yaseNingizimu Afrika

GSAM 426.2INgqungquthela yaseNingizimu Afrika yasungulwa ngo-1892. ENgqungqutheleni Jikelele ka-1893 yavotwa yamukelwa eNgqungqutheleni Jikelele. Ngaleso sikhathi yayinamabandla amahlanu, namalungu ayikhulu namashumi amathathu nesishiyagalombili, abakhokhe okweshumi ngonyaka odlule okungu-$34,077.32. Kulo mhlangano iNgqungquthela yaseNingizimu Afrika yayimelwe nguPeter Wessels, owanikela ngenhliziyo yonke eNgqungqutheleni Jikelele ngemali engu-$16,000, okwakungaphezu kwalokho iNgqungquthela Jikelele eyayichithe ekuvuleni umsebenzi eNingizimu Afrika. Ngaphezu kwalesi sipho, yena nomunye wabafowabo banikela ngemali engu-$40,000 ukuze baqale umsebenzi weklinikhi yamahhala edolobheni laseChicago.

GSAM 426.3Engqungqutheleni Jikelele ngo-1895 uNobhala Wezomishini Yangaphandle wathi ngensimu yase-Afrika:

GSAM 426.3“INkomfa yaseNingizimu Afrika isisunguliwe iminyaka emibili kuphela, kodwa kuleso sikhathi iNgqungquthela Jikelele ithumele abasebenzi abayishumi nambili kuleyo nsimu. Ababili babo bangene ngaphakathi kwezwe njengabamishinari abazimele, kanti abanye bangena emsebenzini eminyangweni ehlukene. Le nkomfa inesikole esiphumelelayo, ikhaya lezingane ezintandane, kanye nesanitharium esisakhiwa. Izibalo zikhombisa ukuthi amalungu ayo angu-184.”

GSAM 426Amaphephandaba Ashicilelwe eNingizimu Afrika

GSAM 426.4Isihloko senkululeko yenkolo eNingizimu Afrika sivuse abantu bethu ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule ukuba bakhiphe amaphephandaba amabili, elilodwa ngolimi lwesiHolland, elibizwa ngokuthi De Wachter; elinye ngesiNgisi, elibizwa ngokuthi The South African Sentinel and Gospel Echo. Elokugcina linokushicilelwa kwamakhophi angu-4,000.

GSAM 427INgqungquthela Yombutho yaseNingizimu Afrika

GSAM 427.1NgoJanuwari 1903, kwahlelwa iNgqungquthela Yombutho yaseNingizimu Afrika, ehlanganisa izingqungquthela zaseCape Colony neNatal-Transvaal, kanye nemishini yaseBasutoland neMatabeleland ngaphansi kokulawulwa kweNgqungquthela Yombutho. Engqungqutheleni kunamabandla ahleliwe ayishumi nanhlanu anamalungu angu-595, amaqembu ayisishiyagalolunye angahlelwanga anamalungu angu-90, nabagcini beSabatha abangamashumi amathathu abahlala bodwa,—sekukonke abangu-715, abakhokhe okweshumi okungu-$7,850. Kwakukhona abasebenzi abangamashumi amathathu nesishiyagalolunye, kubo abangamashumi amabili nanye babebhaliswe kuhlu lokukhokhelwa kwezingqungquthela ezahlukene.

GSAM 427INSIMU YASEPOLYNESIA

GSAM 427.2Ngonyaka ka-1876, uMfundisi James White nombhali bathumela ivolumu ye-Signs of the Times namabhukwana athile, behambisana nencwadi, esiqhingini sasePitcairn. Lezi zincwadi zabekwa emkhunjini owawuhamba ujikeleza iCape Horn uya eNew York. Saqinisekiswa ukuthi umkhumbi uzomisa ePitcairn, lapho iphakethe lizohanjiswa khona. Asizange sazi muntu esiqhingini, futhi asizange sazi lutho ngaso ngaphandle kwedumela laso lokuba nezakhamuzi ezizinikele, ezingcwele. Amaphepha athunyelwa ngokuzama nje.

GSAM 427Ukuvakashela ePitcairn

GSAM 427.3Asizwanga lutho ngabantu noma ngezincwadi zethu kuze kube uMnu. John I. Tay evakashela esiQhingini, ngonyaka ka-1886, eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, lapho safunda khona ukuthi ngenxa yokufunda incwadi ethi Signs kanye namabhukwana, isiqhingi sonke, ngasikhathi sinye, cishe sathatha isinqumo sokushintsha usuku lwabo lokukhuleka lusuka ngosuku lokuqala lweviki luye ngosuku lwesikhombisa, futhi bagcine iSabatha leNkosi. Nokho lokhu abakwenzanga kuze kube yisikhathi sokuvakasha kukaMnu. Tay. Wayesekhathini elide enomuzwa ojulile wokuvakashela lesi siqhingi, kodwa wayengazi lutho ngabantu mathupha, noma ngentshisekelo yabo eyayivele ivutha eqinisweni.

GSAM 428.1Ngemva kokubuyela eMelika, wacela ngokuzimisela kakhulu ukuthi kwakhiwe umkhumbi ozothwala abamishinari besuka esiqhingini siye kwesinye eLwandle iPacific. Wahambela iNgqungquthela Jikelele eyabanjwa ngonyaka ka-1889, enalo mcabango phambili engqondweni yakhe, lapho wakhulumela udaba lweziqhingi zasePolynesia. INgqungquthela, ibona ukusiza kwalo msebenzi, yavota ukuba iqoqe, ngeminikelo, imali engu-$12,000 ukuze yakhe noma ithenge umkhumbi ozosebenza phakathi kweziqhingi zoLwandle lwePacific.

GSAM 428Kwakhiwa i-Pitcairn

GSAM 428.2Ngokuhambisana nalesi sinyathelo, umkhumbi iPitcairn wakhiwa ehlobo lika-1890 eduze kweBenicia, cishe amamayela angamashumi amathathu ukusuka e-Oakland, eCal., ngentengo engu-$12,035.22. Kwathatha izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye ukuqoqwa kwalesi mali, futhi yanikelwa yizikole zeSabatha ngale nhloso kuphela, futhi akukaze kube nesipho esenziwe ngenjabulo nangomdlandla onjalo. Umkhumbi wabekwa ngokungcwele e-Oakland, eCal., mhla ziyi-25 kuSepthemba 1890. Cishe abantu abayinkulungwane namakhulu amahlanu bahlangana emkhunjini nasendaweni yokulayisha impahla ukuze babone umkhosi.

GSAM 428Uhambo Lokuqala Lwe-Pitcairn

GSAM 428.3Umkhumbi wahamba ohambweni lwawo lokuqala olusuka eSan Francisco luya endaweni yalo yokusebenza ekude, mhla ziyi-20 ku-Okthoba. Emkhunjini kwakukhona abamishinari: uMfundisi E. H. Gates nomkakhe, uMfundisi A. J. Read nomkakhe, uJohn I. Tay nomkakhe, kanye nethimba labamishinari eliphethwe nguKaputeni Marsh. Lo mkhumbi laqala laya esiQhingini sasePitcairn, amamayela ayizinkulungwane ezine eningizimu yeSan Francisco, lapho lafika mhla zingama-25 kuNovemba. Lapho isikebhe siphuma esiQhingini mhla ziyi-17 kuDisemba, abantu abadala abangama-82 babemukele ubhapathizo futhi babehlelwe baba yibandla lama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa. Umkhumbi wabe eseya emaqenjini aseSociety, aseHervey, aseSamoan, aseFriendly, naseFiji, ushiya izincwadi zenkolo namabhukwana wezempilo nokuzithiba kubantu abakhuluma isiNgisi. Phakathi nezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili, kuze kube uSepthemba 1891, abamishinari bathengisa izincwadi ngenani lika-$1,900 ngaphezu kokusabalalisa inani elikhulu lezinto zokufunda mahhala.

GSAM 429.1Abamishinari babekwa kanje: uMfundisi Read eTahiti; uMfundisi Gates wahlala ePitcairn ukuze aqede umsebenzi owawusunguliwe khona; kanti uMnu. Tay wakhetha ukusebenza esiqhingini saseFiji. Ku-Review ka-14 Ephreli 1904, uMfundisi Fulton uthi ngomsebenzi eFiji: “Manje sekukhona abagcini beSabatha abangaphezu kuka-150 kule nsimu yomishini.” E-Fiji, umkhumbi wahamba waya e-Aukland, eNew Zealand, ukuze wenziwe izilungiso eziyimpoqo nokuthuthukiswa okudingekayo, futhi ukuze kutholakale izincwadi.

GSAM 429Ukufa Kwabamishinari

GSAM 429.2Ngemva kokungabikho konyaka owodwa, izinyanga eziyishumi nanye nezinsuku eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili, i-Pitcairn yabuyela eSan Francisco, lapho ifika khona mhla ziyi-9 ku-Okthoba 1892. Ngalesi sikhathi uKaputeni Marsh wayesefile wangcwatshwa esiqhingini saseNew Zealand. UMnu. Tay wahlushwa yi-pneumonia, engazange alulame kuyo. Naye wafa ngokuthula wangcwatshwa ezweni elikude laseFiji; ngaleyo ndlela izimpilo ezimbili eziyigugu zanikwa iMishini yasePolynesia ngokushesha okukhulu.

GSAM 429.3Abamishinari ababesesiqhingini saseTahiti, ePapaete, bajabula ukubona cishe ngokushesha izithelo zomsebenzi wabo. Bakwazi ukuthumela ekhaya, ngalesi sikhathi, umbiko ojabulisayo wokuthi abantu abangamashumi amane baguqukile futhi bahlelwa baba yibandla lama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa.

GSAM 429Uhambo Lwesibili Lwe-Pitcairn

GSAM 429.4Umkhumbi wahamba wasuka eSan Francisco ohambweni lwawo lwesibili, mhla ziyi-17 kuJanuwari 1893, nabamishinari abalandelayo: uB. J. Cady nomkakhe, uJ. M. Cole nomkakhe, u-E. C. Chapman nomkakhe, noM. G. Kellogg, M.D. UNksz. Hattie Andre, wase-Ohio, wahamba nabo njengothisha wesiqhingi sasePitcairn. Ekwindla ka-1893, uMnu. Cady wavula isikole eRaiatea, eqenjini leziqhingi zaseSociety, sabafundi abangamashumi ayisithupha. Ekupheleni kwesigaba sokuqala inani lenyuke lafinyelela ku-105. Ekuvulweni kwesigaba sesibili kwakukhona abafundi abayikhulu namashumi amabili abebekhona.

GSAM 430Uhambo Lwesithathu Lwe-Pitcairn

GSAM 430.1Uhambo lwesithathu lomkhumbi lwenzeka ngo-1893-94. Abamishinari balolu hambo kwakunguG. O. Wellman nomkakhe noLillian White, bonke abavela eMichigan, ababebhukelwe iRaiatea, lapho babezosiza khona uMfundisi Cady emsebenzini wakhe. UMnu. Stringer nomkakhe bahamba njengabamishinari abazimele. Bamisa eRurutu. ERaratonga (lapho abantu bagcina uMgqibelo esikhundleni seSonto), uDkt. Caldwell nomkakhe babekwa khona; kanti uMfundisi Buckner nomkakhe, waseCalifornia, bashiywa ePitcairn. Ngesikhathi ehlala nabantu laba, kwethulwa imisebenzi emisha eminingi, eyaba usizo olukhulu kubahlali ngezindlela eziningi. Okokuqala, kwakhiwa umshini oqhutshwa ngumoya wokugaya okusanhlamvu okutshalwa manje esiqhingini, futhi ngamandla omoya afanayo kusetshenziswa imishini elula eyaholela kweminye imisebenzi emisha eyayingaziwa ngaphambili abantu baseziqhingini.

GSAM 430Uhambo Lwesine Lwe-Pitcairn

GSAM 430.2Mhla ziyi-15 kuDisemba 1895, uNobhala Wezomishini Yangaphandle wathi:—

GSAM 430.3“I-Pitcairn manje isesikhumulweni ngemva kohambo lwayo lwesine.... Umsebenzi usutshaliwe emaqenjini ayisishiyagalolunye ahlukene, futhi laba basebenzi balandelayo baqashwe kuwo:—

GSAM 430.4“Esiqhingini sasePitcairn, othisha, u-E. S. Butz nomkakhe, noHattie Andre. Esiqhingini saseNorfolk, abamishinari abazimele abasebenza lapha, abavela e-Australia. Eziqhingini zaseSociety, umshumayeli, uB. J. Cady; abamishinari bezokwelapha, uMnu. noNkk. R. A. Prickett. Raratonga, abamishinari bezokwelapha, uDkt. J. E. Caldwell nomkakhe, oNksz. Lillian White noMaude Young; othisha, uG. O. Wellman nomkakhe, uMfundisi J. D. Rice nomkakhe. E-Fiji, uMfundisi J. M. Cole nomkakhe. Eziqhingini zaseFriendly, uMfundisi E. Hilliard nomkakhe. Rurutu, uMnu. noNkk. Stringer, abamishinari abazimelayo. Hawaii, uMfundisi E. H. Gates nomkakhe; othisha, uH. H. Brand nomkakhe. Samoa, uDkt. F. E. Braucht nomkakhe. UMfundisi D. A. Owen nendodana nendodakazi yakhe, abamishinari abazimelayo.

GSAM 431.1“IPitcairn ithengise futhi yabe isinikeza izincwadi eziningi kakhulu phakathi kohambo lwayo olune. Ngenxa yalokho, abagcini beSabatha bavele ezindaweni eziningi. Amabandla asungulwe esiqhingini sasePitcairn, eNorfolk, naseTahiti.”

GSAM 431I-Pitcairn Ithengisiwe

GSAM 431.2Njengoba manje sekukhona izindlela zokufinyelela ensimini yasePolynesia ezazingekho ngesikhathi umkhumbi wakhiwa, umkhumbi wathengiswa, futhi kwasetshenziswa ezinye izindlela zokuqhubeka nomsebenzi. UMfundisi u-E. H. Gates manje ungumphathi wensimu yasePolynesia, futhi ubika intuthuko emaqenjini ahlukene.

GSAM 431I-WEST INDIES

GSAM 431.3Ebusika ka-1889, uMnu. Wm. Arnold, waseMelika, waqala umsebenzi wokuthengisa izincwadi eWest Indies. Ngesikhathi enza lo msebenzi, waphumelela ukuthola amagama namakheli abantu abayinkulungwane namakhulu amabili, athunyelwa e-International Tract Society ukuze asetshenziswe emsebenzini wobumishinari. Ngokuxhumana nangokuthumela izinto zokufunda kulezi zindawo, kwavuswa intshisekelo eqinisweni, ngaleyo ndlela kwavulwa indlela yokusabalalisa ivangeli ngokushumayela iZwi.

GSAM 431.4Njengempendulo ekubizweni komsebenzi wokushumayela, uMfundisi uD. A. Ball, ngoNovemba 1890, waya eBarbadoes nakwezinye izindawo ukuyosebenza. Abantu abaningana bamukela iqiniso ngenxa yemizamo yakhe. Ngo-1892, uMnu. Patterson, ovela eCalifornia, wahamba eziqhingini ukwethula Bible Readings waphumelela kakhulu. Ngo-1893, uB. B. Newman wahamba evela eFlorida waya eJamaica ukuzothatha ubuholi bomsebenzi wokuthengisa izincwadi ngesikhathi uMnu. Arnold engasekho. UMnu. Evans noMnu. Hackett nabo baya e-Indies ngonyaka ofanayo, ukuze bazibandakanye kulo mgatsha womsebenzi. Ngenyanga kaMeyi, uMfundisi Haysmer nomkakhe bangena kule nsimu ukuze basebenze njengoba indlela yayivuleka. Maduzane ngemva kwalokho uMnu. Arnold wabuya, kulokhu ukuzothengisa izincwadi eziphathelene nendaba yezempilo. Kuze kube uJulayi 1895, izincwadi zalo hlobo zazithengisiwe eJamaica kuphela ngenani elingu-$8,200, kanti ukuthengiswa kwezincwadi zenkolo kwakungu-$7,654, okwenza isamba esingu-$15,854. Ukusatshalaliswa kwenqwaba enkulu yezincwadi kwasiza kakhulu ekusunguleni eKingston ibandla elihlelekile elinamalungu angama-75, nokuvula izindlela zomsebenzi wokushumayela kwezinye izingxenye zesiqhingi.

GSAM 432Trinidad

GSAM 432.1Umsebenzi lapha wethulwa ngendlela efanayo naleyo yaseJamaica. Ngonyaka ka-1889, uMnu. F. B. Grant nomkakhe bamenywa ukuvakashela lesi siqhingi ngenhloso yokwethula izincwadi zenhlangano yethu, futhi ngokumema uMfundisi Flowers nomkakhe bashesha ukubalandela ukuze basebenze njengoba izindlela zavuleka. Baphumelela kahle, kuze kube uMfundisi Flowers egula umkhuhlane, owabangela ukushona kwakhe, mhla zingama-29 kuJuni 1894. UMfundisi u-E. W. Webster wakhethwa njengomlandeli wakhe, wabe esehamba ngomkhumbi evela eNew York ngo-Agasti 1895.

GSAM 432.2Ngo-1896 abasebenzi eWest Indies babe kanje: eJamaica, uMfundisi A. J. Haysmer noW. W. Eastman, kanti abathengisi abaningi babe seziqhingini zaseBahama. Eziqhingini ezincane zase-Antilles, lapho uMfundisi E. Van Deusen nomkakhe, noC. F. Parmlee nomkakhe njengabasebenzi beBhayibheli, uMnu. Bean noMnu. Hackett njengabathengisi. ETrinidad, uMfundisi E. W. Webster nomkakhe, kanye noNksz. Stella Colvin njengomishinari wezokwelapha. Imiphumela—abayikhulu neshumi abagcina iSabatha eJamaica, kanye nabangamashumi amahlanu abagcina iSabatha eTrinidad abagxile eCouva; ibandla elilodwa eBarbadoes, kanye neqembu elilodwa e-Antigua, eziqhingini ezincane zase-Antilles.

GSAM 432IMELIKA EPHAKATHI

GSAM 432.3UMfundisi uF. J. Hutchins nomkakhe bashiya i-United States baya eziqhingini zaseBay mhla ziyi-16 kuNovemba 1891. Ngaleso sikhathi, ikakhulukazi eRuatan, kwakukhona cishe abantu abangamashumi amabili ababegcina iSabatha lomyalelo wesine ngokwemiyalo eyishumi, ukunaka kwabo kwaqala ukubizwa kuleli qiniso ngokufunda izinto ezabathunyelwa ngeposi. Emuva kweminyaka emithathu, ngo-1894, uW. A. Miller nomkakhe bashiya iCalifornia baya eBonacca, lapho bahlanganyela khona emsebenzini wemfundo njengothisha esikoleni esavulwa mhla ziyi-4 kuJulayi 1894, esakhiweni sesikole esakhiwe ngama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa. Inani labafundi ababekhona ngesikhathi sesifundo sokuqala lalingamashumi amathathu nane ngokwesilinganiso. Ngo-1895 kwamenyezelwa ukuthi isikole sesiyazimela, njengoba inani labafundi selikhule laba ngamashumi amane nanhlanu.

GSAM 433.1Engqungqutheleni Jikelele eyabanjwa ngo-1895, uMfundisi Hutchins wabika abantu abayikhulu eziqhingini ababewulalela umyalezo, futhi waphinde wathi kwakhiwe izindlu ezimbili zomhlangano ezaziphethwe ngama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa. Ngenxa yokuntuleka komhlaba, owawuwusizo kakhulu ekulimeni, enye yalezi zindlu zokukhulekela yakhiwa phezu kwamanzi. Lezi zakhiwo ezimbili kanye nesikole zadluliselwa ngokusemthethweni eGeneral Conference Association. Inani lezimpahla zeNgqungquthela esiqhingini lalilinganiselwa ku-$1,789.60. Inani lezincwadi ezithengisiwe kuze kube ngu-1895 lalingu-$2,243.

GSAM 433Umkhumbi Omncane WaseMelika Ephakathi

GSAM 433.2Njengoba ingqondo yeNgqungquthela yayibhekiswe ekululeni nasezinzuzweni zokuba nesikebhe esincane lapho ngaso abamishinari bengadluliselwa khona esiqhingini esisodwa baya kwesinye, kwavotwa ukuthi isikebhe esinjalo sakhiwe ngomsebenzi phakathi kweziqhingi zaseBay ngentengo engadluli ku-$3,000.

GSAM 433.3Ngo-1896, kwakukhona abasebenzi abane kuphela eMelika Ephakathi: uMfundisi F. J. Hutchins nomkakhe, kanye noMfundisi J. A. Morrow nomkakhe eHonduras yesiSpanish. EBelize, inhloko-dolobha yaseBritish Honduras, kwakukhona iqembu labakholwa ababeyigcina usuku lwesikhombisa ngokomyalelo wesine. Ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi kule nsimu yenziwe eziqhingini zolwandle lweCaribbean. Lapha kwakuthengiswe izincwadi ezazibiza izinkulungwane zamadola, futhi abantu abangamashumi ayisithupha babegubha iqiniso lomyalezo wengelosi yesithathu.

GSAM 434Ukushona kukaMfundisi Hutchins

GSAM 434.1Cishe iminyaka eyishumi nambili uMfundisi F. J. Hutchins wasebenza ngokwethembeka nangokuzimisela emkhakheni waseMelika Ephakathi. Ekugcineni ukubekezela kwakhe kwaphela, wahlulwa yisifo. Manje uphumule ebuthongweni, elindele isimemo soMphathi—isimemo esizovusa abathembekile.

GSAM 434ININGIZIMU MELIKA

GSAM 434.2Kwakuyizincwadi eziphrintiwe ezaziveza imibono yama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa okokuqala eNingizimu Melika. Ngo-Okthoba 1891, oMnu. Snyder, oMnu. Stauffer, noMnu. Nowlin baqala umsebenzi wabo njengabathengisi bezincwadi e-Argentina. Ngo-1893, ngokuvota kweNgqungquthela Jikelele, uMfundisi F. H. Westphal, wase-Illinois, umshumayeli ongumJalimane, wahlanganyela emsebenzini kule nsimu yemisebenzi yevangeli, kwathi ngo-1894, uFrank Kelley, waseCalifornia, waya e-United States yaseColombia njengomishinari ozimelayo. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, kwalandela abanye abasebenzi, ngaleyo ndlela kwaqalwa lo msebenzi wobumishinari omusha. Ngo-1896 kwethulwa umbiko olandelayo mayelana nomsebenzi kule nsimu: eChile kunomshumayeli oyedwa, uMfundisi G. H. Baber, owafika mhla ziyi-19 ku-Okthoba 1895; kanye nabathengisi ababili, uF. W. Richards noF. H. Davis. I-Argentina nayo inabashumayeli ababili, uF. H. Westphal noJean Vuilleumier; nabathengisi ababili, uO. Oppegard noC. A. Nowlin. Ngaphandle kwabo kukhona abasebenzi beBhayibheli abane, uLucy Post, uMnu. noNkk. Snyder, noJohn McCarthy. IBrazil inabashumayeli ababili, uMfundisi W. H. Thurston no-H. F. Graf; kanye nabathengisi abathathu, u-A. B. Stauffer, u-J. F. no-J. A. Berger. I-British Guiana inabashumayeli ababili, uMfundisi W. G. Kneeland noMfundisi P. Giddings; kanye nabamishinari bezokwelapha ababili, uDkt. B. J. Fercoit nomkakhe.

GSAM 435.1Ngo-1896, kwakuthengiswe izincwadi ezazibiza amadola ayinkulungwane eChile, futhi abagcini beSabatha abangamashumi amathathu bamukela iSabatha neqiniso elihlobene ngokufunda imibhalo abayithenge kubathengisi bezincwadi. EBrazil nase-Argentina izincwadi zazithengiswe ngenani lamadola ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi; futhi okungcono kakhulu, kwakukhona abayikhulu abagcina iSabatha. Kwakusunguliwe ibandla elilodwa nezikole zeSabatha ezinhlanu. E-Argentina kwakukhona amabandla amathathu asunguliwe, eBuenos Ayres, eCrespo, naseSan Cristobal ngokulandelana. Kwakukhona futhi ibandla elilodwa elasunguliwe eBritish Guiana, nabagcini beSabatha abangamashumi amahlanu, okwenza inani eliphelele labangu-150 lama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa eNingizimu Melika.

GSAM 435I-SOUTHERN MISSIONARY SOCIETY

GSAM 435.2Uma sisebenzisa leli gama ngomqondo walo oqondile, le nhlangano ayinakubizwa ngokuthi yangaphandle, naphezu kokuthi isebenza emsebenzini wokushumayela kubantu bamanye amazwe (abase-Afrika) ezweni lethu. Inhlonipho enkulu ifanele imizamo eqhubekayo kaMfundisi uJ. E. White, ngaphansi kwesibusiso sikaNkulunkulu, ngenxa yemiphumela esivele ifinyelelwe.

GSAM 435.3Ebusika bonyaka ka-1893, ngesikhathi ngisebenza njengomongameli weNgqungquthela yase-Illinois, uMfundisi uWhite weza kimi egcwele ukukhathazeka ngabantu abamnyama ezifundazweni zaseNingizimu. Njengoba echitha amasonto ambalwa eChicago, wacela ilungelo lokusebenzela abantu abamnyama ababehlala edolobheni. Lesi sicelo samukelwa ngenjabulo enkulu, kwathi lapho kwaqala khona ngempela umsebenzi wakhe kulaba bantu abangenanhlanhla.

GSAM 435Umkhumbi Womishinari kaMfundisi White

GSAM 435.4Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi wayethandaza futhi ehlela insimu yaseNingizimu. Njengoba wayefunda, izinhlelo zakhe zikhula, zagcina ngokwakhiwa kwesikebhe somusi eduze kweLake Michigan, esibizwa ngokuthi iMorning Star. Esenaleli “Bethel” elihambayo, waya eChicago, wabe esehla emifuleni i-Illinois neMississippi, wafika eVicksburg, eMississippi, mhla ziyi-10 kuJanuwari 1895. Lapha, nabambalwa ababambisene naye waqala imisebenzi yakhe emhlabathini ongakaqali ukutshala.

GSAM 436Umsebenzi we-Southern Missionary Society

GSAM 436.1Sithatha amazwi embikweni owawenziwe nguMfundisi White eNgqungqutheleni Jikelele, mhla zingama-9 ku-Ephreli 1903, onikeza imiphumela yomsebenzi futhi ubonisa isimo somsebenzi wobumishinari waseNingizimu ngaleso sikhathi:—

GSAM 436.2“I-Society yethu yakha futhi manje isebenza izikole ezinhlanu eMississippi.... Lezi zikole zitholakala eVicksburg, eYazoo City, eColumbus, naseJackson.... Abasebenzi bethu baphinde baqhubekela phambili nemizamo eNashville, eMemphis, nase-Edgefield Junction, eTennessee, naseLouisville naseBowling Green, eKentucky.

GSAM 436Abasebenzi eNingizimu

GSAM 436.3“Njengamanje kunabasebenzi abangamashumi amabili nesikhombisa eminyangweni ehlukene ye-Society. Abashumayeli abahlanu abaqokiwe bakhuliswe emsebenzini we-Southern Missionary Society.... Othisha bezikole abayishumi nantathu bafanelekiswe ngezindlela ezahlukene emsebenzini wabo.... Indoda esencane eyodwa ifundiswa yi-Society njengodokotela eKolishi Lezokwelapha i-Meharry, eNashville, kanti omunye usekelwa ekufundeni kwakhe esikoleni esifanayo.... Sekukhuliswe abasebenzi abahle beBhayibheli. Abanye othisha nabo sebengabasebenzi abanekhono kulo mnyango.

GSAM 436Isikebhe somusi “Morning Star”

GSAM 436.4“IMorning Star iyimpahla yami siqu, eyakhiwe ngemali yami. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izindleko zokusebenza kwale nqanawa zikhokhiwe ngemali yami. Ngiphinde ngithi izindleko zokuphila enqanaweni bezihlale zikhokhwa ngami. Imvamisa abasebenzi babebalelwa phakathi kweyishumi kuya kweyishumi nesishiyagalombili.... Ngisho nemiholo yabo bonke abasebenzi abaqashwe yi-Society iminyaka eminingi ayizange ithathwe ezinikelweni, kodwa yathathwa emholweni wami siqu.

GSAM 437Imali Yafika Kanjani YeMishini YaseNingizimu

GSAM 437.1“Kungavela umbuzo othi, ‘Le mali uyitholele kuphi?’ INkosi yasinika yona. Kwakhishwa izincwajana ezimbalwa. Okokuqala iGospel Primer, eyayihloselwe ukusetshenziswa ekufundiseni abantu abamnyama. Kwalindeleka ukuthengiswa kwamakhophi ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa, kodwa ngokumangala kwethu ifinyelele cishe kumakhophi ayisigidi.

GSAM 437.2“Umama [uNkk. E. G. White] wasisiza ngencwadi ethi UKrestu UMsindisi Wetu, eyathengisa izinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amathathu noma ezine. Izinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amabili noma ezintathu zezincwadi ezithi Best Stories sezithengisiwe. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi inani elanele lencwadi ethi Coming King selisakazekile ukwenza ikholomu eliphakeme ngamamayela amane. Ngezimali zamalungelo omlobi ezivela kulezi zincwadi, ngaphezu kokuphatha eminye imisebenzi nemikhakha eminingi, sakha iMorning Star.”

GSAM 437EMAZWENI AMANINGI

GSAM 437IMexico

GSAM 437.3Umsebenzi wethu kuleli lizwe waqala ngonyaka ka-1894, ngokusungulwa kwemishini yezokwelapha eGuadalajara. Ngo-1896, abasebenzi babikiwe kanje: uMfundisi D. T. Jones nomkakhe, ababephethe le mishini. Othisha babengu-Ora A. Osborne, uNkk. A. Cooper, uKate Ross, nomuntu wendawo owasiza. Abamishinari bezokwelapha kwakunguDkt. J. A. Neal, u-A. Cooper, uNkk. A. J. Rice, uNkk. Bartlett, noNkk. Rachel Flowers. Iziguli ezingamashumi amane ngosuku zazivakashela imishini, kanti abafundi abangamashumi amane babefunda esikoleni semishini. Ngalesi sikhathi kwakhiwa isanitharium entsha ngentengo engu-$12,000.

GSAM 437I-Afrika Ephakathi

GSAM 437.4Ngo-1893 umsebenzi womyalezo wengelosi yesithathu wathuthuka kangangokuba iKomidi leNgqungquthela Jikelele labona kufanelekile ukuncoma ukusungulwa komsebenzi wokushumayela e-Afrika Ephakathi. Ngakho-ke kwavotwa ukuthi, “Uma nje kungenzeka ngokushesha, kuvulwe umsebenzi wokushumayela eMatabeleland.” Ngokuhambisana nalesi sinqumo, iqembu lama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa ngo-1894 langena kulelo zwe lakhetha ifamu elingama-eka angu-12,000. Engqungqutheleni yango-1895, uMfundisi C. B. Tripp nomkakhe, uW. H. Anderson nomkakhe, kanye noDkt. A. S. Carmichael bakhethwa njengabamishinari bale nsimu ekude. Baqala ngokushesha ukulungiselela uhambo olude, futhi ngemva kohambo oluphumelelayo bafika endaweni ababeya kuyo ngomhlaka 26 Julayi 1895.

GSAM 438IGold Coast

GSAM 438.1Iminyaka eminingi isikhalo saseMakedoniya sokucela usizo sasifika kuma-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa sivela ogwini lwaseNtshonalanga lwe-Afrika. Intshisekelo eqinisweni yavuswa ngokufunda izincwadi zama-Adventist, kodwa kwaze kwaba ngonyaka ka-1894 noma cishe ngaleso sikhathi lapho usizo luthunyelwa khona. Khona-ke uMfundisi Sanford noMnu. Rudolph bamenywa yiKomidi leNgqungquthela Jikelele ukuba baqale umsebenzi obelinde isikhathi eside kangaka. Bangena emkhakheni ngenhliziyo enomdlandla nangesibindi. Kodwa-ke, kungadlulanga sikhathi eside, uMfundisi Sanford wahlushwa yifiva, eyayivamile kakhulu lapho kangangokuba le ndawo ibizwa ngokuthi “ithuna lomuntu omhlophe.” Wathola ukuhlaselwa kwayo kathathu, kwathi-ke, ukuze aphile, kwaphoqeleka ukuba abuyele eMelika. Abanye bathunyelwa ogwini lwaseNtshonalanga, phakathi kwabo kwakunguMfundisi D. U. Hale, uGeo. F. Kerr nomkakhe, noG. P. Riggs. Lo wokugcina, nokho, wabuthakathaka kakhulu ngenxa yesifo kangangokuba kwaphuthelwa ithemba lokuphila kwakhe, wabe eseya eNgilandi ngethemba lokuthi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuzomsiza; kulokhu yena nabangane bakhe baphuthelwa ithemba, ngoba kancane kancane wancipha amandla, ekugcineni washona, wangcwatshwa khona. Naye ulindele ukufika koMniki-kuphila.

GSAM 438India

GSAM 438.2Januwari 12, 1890, uMfundisi Haskell wahamba ngomkhumbi ePort Durban, ogwini oluseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Afrika, waya eCalcutta, eNdiya, eChina naseJapan. Ngaphambi kwalolu hambo, uPercy T. Magan, unobhala wakhe, wayesehlanganyele naye. Inhloso yalo hambo oluya eNdiya kwakuwukuthi “bacwaninge” ukuze bathole ulwazi oluzobasiza ukunikeza izeluleko lapho imisebenzi yobumishinari eqala ukusebenza ngokusemthethweni ngama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa kule ndawo. Ngenhloso yokusungula umishini eNdiya, iNgqungquthela Jikelele, ngo-1893, yancoma ukuthi uWm. Lenker aye kulelo lizwe njengomthengisi wezincwadi. Ukuhambisana nalesi siphakamiso, waya eNdiya wethula izincwadi zama-Adventist oSuku Lwesikhombisa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uMnu. Lenker wabika ukuthi yena nabanye abantu abane babese behambela izingxenye ezahlukene zaseNdiya kuze kube ngu-1896, futhi bathengisa izincwadi ezibiza u-$10,000. Ukuze abonise intshisekelo eyakhiwe yizincwadi ezithengisiwe, waphinde wathi ngesikhathi ehamba ethengisa eduze kweMadras, ogwini olusempumalanga lweNdiya, “umshumayeli wendawo wahamba amamayela angamashumi ayisithupha ukuze athenge ikhophi ye-Thoughts on Daniel and the Revelation.”

GSAM 439UGeorgia Burrus eNdiya

GSAM 439.1Ngo-1895 uNksz. Georgia Burrus washiya iCalifornia waya eNdiya. Lapho efika khona waqala ngokushesha ukufunda ulimi lwesiBengali, futhi maduzane wangena emsebenzini womshumayelo. Kuze kube ngo-1896 abantu abaningana babeqalile ukugcina iSabatha leNkosi ngenxa yokuhlanganyela nabasebenzi bethu.

GSAM 439.2Abasebenzi ensimini ngo-1896 kwakunguMfundisi uD. A. Robinson nomkakhe. UNksz. May Taylor noNksz. Georgia Burrus babe ngabasebenzi beBhayibheli. UMnu. Lenker noMnu. Masters babengabathengisi bezincwadi. Kwakutholakele isakhiwo esifanele sendlu yomsebenzi wokushumayela, kwaphinde kwathunyelwa ezweni lakubo izicelo zodokotela, abahlengikazi, nabanye abasizi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezazibacindezela. Kulesi simemo uMfundisi Brown, kanye nabanye, baphendula. Bobabili yena noMfundisi D. A. Robinson bashona eKarmatar, eBengal, eNdiya, ekupheleni kukaDisemba 1899.

GSAM 439I-Hawaii, Iziqhingi zaseSandwich

GSAM 439.3Ngonyaka ka-1884, uMnu. La Rue noHenry Scott, ngemali yabo siqu, bahamba njengabamishinari baya eHawaii. Baqala umsebenzi wabo ngokwenza umsebenzi wobumishinari siqu nokuthengisa izincwadi. Lokhu kuvuse intshisekelo enkulu esiqhingini kangangokuba iNgqungquthela Jikelele, ngoNovemba 1885, yavota ukuthi uMfundisi Wm. Healy aye eHawaii ngesizini ezayo ukuyosebenza, nokuthi iNgqungquthela yaseCalifornia icelwe ukuboleka itende ngenhloso yalokhu. Ngale ndlela, uMfundisi Healy nalabo ababesevele esiqhingini baqhuba umhlangano wetende ngesikhathi sasehlobo sango-1886. Ngenxa yalo mzamo, abantu abaningi bamukela umyalezo. UMnu. La Rue wahlala eHonolulu kuze kube ngonyaka ka-1889, lapho-ke wahamba ngesikebhe waya eHong Kong, eChina.

GSAM 440Umsebenzi WamaShayina eHawaii

GSAM 440.1Kodwa umsebenzi omncane wokushumayela wawuhlinzekwa esiqhingini kuze kube yilapho iNgqungquthela Jikelele yahlangana ngenyanga kaMashi, 1895, ngaleso sikhathi kwathathwa isinqumo sokuthi “uMfundisi Gates nomkakhe, kanye noMnu. noNkk. Brand njengothisha bamaShayina, baye eHonolulu ukuze bazibandakanye emsebenzini wobumishinari.” Umsebenzi wokufundisa waqala ngokushesha, futhi uMfundisi Gates, nakuba enempilo ebuthakathaka, wenza konke angakwenza ekuphusheni lo msebenzi. Udokotela nabahlengikazi balandela ngokushesha abamishinari, futhi umsebenzi kulo mkhakha womyalezo waqalwa kahle.

GSAM 440Isifinyezo Semishini, mhla zi-1 kuJanuwari 1903

GSAM 440.2Umbiko kaNobhala Wezomishini Yangaphandle, owethulwe ngoDisemba 31, 1902, uveza umsebenzi womyalezo owawuqhutshwa ngaphandle kwe-United States kanje:—

GSAM 440.3INgqungquthela Yombutho yase-Australia, ehlanganisa izingqungquthela zaseVictoria, eNew South Wales, eNew Zealand, eQueensland, eNingizimu Australia, eTasmania, naseNtshonalanga Australia.

GSAM 440.4INgqungquthela Jikelele yaseYurophu, ehlanganisa iNgqungquthela Yombutho yaseJalimane, eyaseNtshonalanga Jalimane, eyaseMpumalanga Jalimane, eyaseNingizimu Jalimane, eyaseHolland naseFlemish Belgium, eyase-Austria-Hungary naseBalkan States, eyaseSwitzerland yesiJalimane, eyaseNingizimu Russia, eyaseNyakatho Russia, neyaseRussia Ephakathi.

GSAM 440.5INgqungquthela Yombutho yaseScandinavia, ehlanganisa iDenmark, iNorway, iSweden, iFinland, ne-Iceland.

GSAM 441.1INgqungquthela Yombutho yaseBrithani, ehlanganisa iNyakatho YaseNgilandi, iNingizimu YaseNgilandi, i-Ireland, iScotland, neWales.

GSAM 441.2INgqungquthela Yombutho yaseFrance yesiLatini, ehlanganisa iSwitzerland yesiFulentshi, iFrance, ne-Italy.

GSAM 441.3Imishini YaseMpumalanga, ohlanganisa iGibhithe, iSyria, neTurkey.

GSAM 441.4INgqungquthela Yombutho yaseNingizimu Afrika, ehlanganisa iCape Colony, iNatal-Transvaal, iBasutoland, neMatabeleland.

GSAM 441.5Ezinye: iBermuda, iBrazil, iBritish neDutch Guiana, iMelika Ephakathi (eNingizimu), iChina, iFiji, iNdiya, iJamaica, iJapan, ama-Lesser Antilles, iMexico, iNyassaland, iPitcairn, iPorto Rico, iRiver Plate, iRaratonga, iSamoa, ama-Society Islands, iSumatra, iTonga, iTrinidad, ogwini oluseNtshonalanga (eNingizimu Melika), nogwini oluseNtshonalanga (e-Afrika).

GSAM 441.6Inani labasebenzi abasebenzayo kulezi zinsimu ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa abashumayeli, abanelayisensi, abasebenzi beBhayibheli, abathengisi bezincwadi, nabathengisi, liyi-754.

GSAM 441Izindawo Ezibalulekile Ezisunguliwe

GSAM 441.7Kulezi zitatimende ezimfushane mayelana nemishini yethu singasho, njengoba uNobhala Wezomishini Yangaphandle esho ngonyaka ka-1896:

GSAM 441.7“Ngenxa yalezi zikhundla ezibalulekile manje ezigcwele umyalezo cishe kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba, uNkulunkulu, ngamandla akhe angenamkhawulo, angafeza umsebenzi omkhulu futhi onamandla ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Uzosheshisa umsebenzi wakhe ngobulungisa.”