Isahluko 18 — Ukhathalelo lukaThixo Kumsebenzi Wopapasho

GSAM 281.1“Ngoko ke siya kumazi, ukuba simlandela ukuze simazi iNkosi; ukuphuma kwayo kulungiselelwe njengentsasa.”¹

GSAM 281.2Kude kube yinyanga kaJuni, ngo-1849, imisebenzi kaMfundisi White nomfazi wakhe kunye noMfundisi Bates yayithintelwe kwiiLizwe zaseNew England. Ngeli xesha uNkosazana Clarissa Bonfoey, waseMiddletown, Conn., wazimanya nosapho lukaMfundisi White. Kwisithuba esifutshane ngaphambi koku, umama wakhe wasweleka, emshiya nayo yonke into efunekayo yokuphatha ikhaya elincinci. Ngale ndlela uMfundisi White wakwazi ukuphinda aseke ikhaya; kwaye wakwenza oku kwindawo ethile yendlu kaMnu. Belden eRocky Hill, Conn.

GSAM 281Ukuqala koNqulo lwemiNyanya Lwanamhlanje

GSAM 281.3Ngomhla wama-24 kuMatshi, 1849, kwabanjwa intlanganiso jikelele eTopsham, eMaine. Ngaloo Sabatha uNksk. White wanikwa umbono; umxholo wawo wawubaluleke kakhulu. Mhlawumbi ukuqonda okungcono kulo mbono kuya kufunyanwa ngokuba nombono jikelele wemeko eyayikho ngelo xesha.

GSAM 281.4Kwisiqingatha sokugqibela sikaMatshi, 1848, eHydesville, eWayne Co., N.Y., kwaqala “iingxolo ezimfihlakalo,” okanye oko kamva kwaphenduka “ukubethwa ngemimoya.” Oku kwaqala kwenzeka kwindlu yosapho lakwaFox. Kwisiqingatha sokugqibela sehlobo, usapho lwafudukela eRochester, N.Y., apho, eCorinthian Hall, kwenziwa imiboniso yoluntu, kwaye amantombazana afakwa kuvavanyo olungqongqo ngamakhomithi abenziwe ngamanenekazi namadoda akhethwe kubemi abagqwesileyo ngenjongo leyo. Ngelixa isininzi sabantu sasijonga ezi zandi njengobuqhophololo, okanye ubuchule bezandla, abona babekholelwa lula kakhulu babengenalo nofifi lokuba oku kuza kukhula kube yinto enkulu kangaka.

GSAM 282Uqikelelo Malunga noNqulo lwemiNyanya

GSAM 282.1Kumbono okhankanywe ngasentla, uNksk. White wabona ukuba ukunkqonkqoza okungaqondakaliyo eRochester nakwezinye iindawo, yayilamandla kaSathana, nokuba izinto ezinjalo beziya kuxhaphaka ngakumbi nangakumbi; nokuba beziya kunxitywa ngempahla yonqulo, ukukhohlisa abalahlekisiweyo ukuba bazive bekhuselekile ngakumbi, nokutsala iingqondo zabantu bakaThixo, ukuba kunokwenzeka, kwezo zinto, nokubenza bathandabuze izifundo zoMoya oyiNgcwele.

GSAM 282.2Kodwa bambalwa, ukuba bakhona, ngelo xesha ababenalo nofifi lokuba uNqulo lwemiNyanya luza kuxhaphaka emhlabeni njengoko kwakubikezelwe ngelo xesha, okanye ukuba luza kuzenza inkolo, namabandla alo acwangciswe kakuhle kunye neefundisi.

GSAM 282Uqikelelo Luyaphunyezeka

GSAM 282.3Ukwenzeka kwesi siprofeto, nangona kunjalo, kuyabonakala xa sicinga ngobulungu babo, ekuthiwa bungama-10,000,000 eUnited States kuphela. Ngokuphathelele iimpahla zabo zonqulo zangoku, sinika oku kulandelayo okuvela kwi-Review and Herald, yaseWashington, D.C., Novemba 12, 1903:—

GSAM 282.4“Kwindibano yakutshanje ye-National Association of Spiritualists, ebibanjelwe kwesi sixeko, kwamkelwa isithethe esitsha. Kwenziwa amalungiselelo ‘okubekwa’ kwabafundisi okanye kwabalungiseleli, kwaye iqela labakholwa kuNqulo lwemiNyanya lwamkelwa ‘njengebandla.’ Oku kuya kubonakala ngokufunda icandelo elilandelayo kwisithethe esitsha:—

GSAM 282.5“‘Akukho mfundisi okanye mlungiseleli oza kumiselwa phezu kwebandla okanye umbutho ngaphandle kokuba kuqala engeniswe ngokusesikweni esikhundleni ngento ebisaziwa ukususela kwimihla yamandulo yembali yonqulo njengenkonzo yokumisa. Akukho mntu unokuba ngumgqatswa wokumiswa de afumane ubizo lobupastor kwibandla elithile okanye kumbutho othile, okanye abekwe njengomthunywa yi-State Spiritualist Association ethile, edityaniswe njengombutho wonqulo kwiLizwe ekuyo, okanye yi-National Spiritualist Association of the United States of America. Bonke abantu abangamgqatswa wobufundisi okanye womsebenzi wobuthunywa kufuneka babe sele bekubudlelane obupheleleyo iminyaka emithathu ubuncinane kwibandla elithile leSpiritualism okanye kwintlangano, kwaye iminyaka emibini ubuncinane babe ngabantu abanelayisensi, abathunywe nguMbutho wePhondo okanye nguMbutho weSizwe njengabavakalisi abavavanywayo. Abafundisi abamiselweyo ngaphantsi konyaka omnye opheleleyo wekhalenda abayi kufaneleka ukuba bamiselwe ngokusesikweni.’”

GSAM 283UMfundisi White e-Oswego, N.Y.

GSAM 283.1Njengoko umsebenzi wokupapasha wawuse-Oswego, eN.Y., uMfundisi White watshintsha indawo yakhe yokuhlala esuka eConnecticut waya kule ndawo ekwindla lowama-1849, yaye apha kwabanjwa, ngonyaka ofanayo, ngomhla wesi-3 kuNovemba, inkomfa yamakholwa. Ngomsebenzi wabo owalandela, uNksk. White uthi:—

GSAM 283.2“Saza sigqiba kwelokuba luxanduva lwethu ukusebenza kwiPhondo laseNew York. Umyeni wam wavakalelwa luxanduva lokubhala nokupapasha. Saqesha indlu e-Oswego, saboleka ifenitshala kubazalwana bethu, saza saqala ukuphila njengosapho. Apho umyeni wam wayebhala, epapasha, kwaye eshumayela. Kwakufuneka ahlale enxibe izixhobo zokuzikhusela ngalo lonke ixesha, kuba wayesoloko ekulwa nama-Adventist awayezivuma kodwa exhasa iimpazamo, eshumayela ngexesha elithile, kwaye efuna ukujongela phantsi ukholo lwethu kubo bonke abantu awayenokubaphembelela.”²

GSAM 283Ukupapashwa kweSecond Advent Review

GSAM 283.3Ekwindla lika-1850 kwabona kufanelekile ukuba kwenziwe olunye utshintsho; ngoko ke uMfundisi White wafudukela eParis, eMaine, apho kwapapashwa ivolumu yokuqala yeSecond Advent Review and Sabbath Herald njengephephancwadi eliphuma kabini ngenyanga, elinamanani alishumi elinesithathu, inye nenye inamaphepha asibhozo aneekholam ezimbini ngalinye, ubungakanani bephepha eliprintiweyo bungange-intshi ezisixhenxe ne-1/8 ukuya kwi-intshi ezilishumi ne-1/4. Inombolo yokuqala yayinomhla kaNovemba olandelayo, kwaye eyokugqibela yayingomhla we-9 kaJuni, 1851.

GSAM 284.1Ubungakanani obandisiweyo bephephandaba xa kuthelekiswa nePresent Truth yayiluphawu oluhle kakhulu lokwanda okulinganayo kokusasazeka kwenyani, ukwanda kwabasebenzi kulo msebenzi, kunye nabaxhasi bomsebenzi. Njengoko iphephancwadi belifumaneka simahla, bekulindelekile ukuba abahlobo balo msebenzi bancedise ekupapashweni kwalo, yaye yiloo nto bayenzayo. Nangona abakholwayo babengabantu abaphila ubomi obuphakathi ubukhulu becala, bancedisa ngokwendlela iNkosi eyayibaphumelelise ngayo, yaye benza ngokwamandla abo ukutyhalela phambili inqwelo yenyaniso.

GSAM 284U-J. N. Andrews Uqala Ukushumayela

GSAM 284.2Malunga nexesha eli uJ. N. Andrews, owayehlala eParis, eMaine, waqala imisebenzi yakhe yasesidlangalaleni njengomfundisi weeNdaba eziLungileyo nombhali wemicimbi yenkolo. Kwi-Review kaMeyi, 1851, wayenqaku elithatha amaphepha angaphezu kwahlanu ngesihloko semiyalezo emithathu. Kulo wenza isiprofeto sesilwanyana esineempondo ezimbini seSityhilelo 13 sasebenza kwi-United States, ethatha isikhundla, ngokusekelwe kwisiprofeto kuphela, sokuba ukunyanzeliswa kweCawa njengeSabatha kuya kuba yeyona nto ekuya kusekelwa kuyo imanyano yebandla norhulumente ekugqibeleni kwesi sizwe. Ingxoxo yakhe yayisekelwe ngokupheleleyo kwesi siprofeto, njengoko kwakungekho ntshukumo ngelo xesha eyayibonisa ngamandla kuloo ndlela, elona lizwi linamandla elalinokufunyanwa lixhasa loo nto yayingentetho evela kuGqr. Durbin, ethathwe kwi-Christian Advocate and Journal, eyathi:—

GSAM 284.3“Xa ubuKristu buye baba bubomi bokuziphatha nobomoya bombuso, umbuso unyanzelekile, ngabaphathi bakhe, ukuthintela ukwaphulwa okungafihliweyo kweSabatha engcwele, njengenyathelo lokuzikhusela.”

GSAM 285Ukuthengisa Iifama Ukunceda Umsebenzi

GSAM 285.1Kwakungeli xesha lixa amadoda afana noHiram Edson, waseNew York, noCyrenius Smith, waseJackson, eMichigan, akhokelwa ekubeni athengise iifama zawo, nganye inexabiso le-$3,500, aze aqeshe iifama azisebenzisele yena, ukuze abe nezixhobo zokunceda kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezaziza kuvela ekuqhubekeni komsebenzi weli myalezo.

GSAM 285Ukufuduswa Komsebenzi Wopapasho eSaratoga

GSAM 285.2Ngo-1851, uMfundisi White wafuduka eParis, eMaine, waya eSaratoga Springs, eN.Y., kwaye apha kwakhona, enefanitshala ebolekileyo, wazimisa ikhaya, waza wapapasha ivolyum yesibini ye-Advent Review, inombolo yokuqala iphezu komhla wesi-5 ka-Agasti wonyaka ofanayo. Le volyum yayinamanombolo ezilishumi elinesine, kwaye yayipapashwa kabini ngenyanga. Inombolo yokugqibela yapapashwa ngomhla wama-23 kaMatshi, 1852. Igama lephephandaba latshintshwa kancinci ukusuka kwi-Second Advent Review, njengoko bekunjalo kwiVol. 1, laya kwi-Advent Review and Sabbath Herald, igama elisagcinweyo nakwivolumu yalo engamashumi asibhozo anesibini. Ubungakanani bephephandaba lonyuswa lwaba ngeekholam ezintathu, amaphepha asibhozo, iphepha eliprintiweyo lingange-intshi ezisibhozo ne-1/4 ububanzi, nge-intshi ezilishumi elinanye ne-3/4 ubude.

GSAM 285.3Kuyabonakala ngokwanda kobukhulu bento eyayisiyiphephancwadi lomabandla, kwaye iselilo, ukuba yonke inguqu yayisiya kuthi ga kokona kulungileyo, ibonisa impumelelo efanelekileyo, kwaye inika ubungqina obucacileyo bokuba umsebenzi wesithunywa sesithathu “wafika ukuhlala.”

GSAM 285Ukupapasha eRochester—Ukuba noMatshini Wokushicilela Wesandla

GSAM 285.4Ngomhla we-6 kuMeyi 1852, inombolo yokuqala yeVolumu 3 ye-Advent Review and Sabbath Herald yapapashwa eRochester, N.Y., yaza yashicilelwa kwipresi nangoonobumba bokushicilela ababephethwe ngamaSeventh-day Adventists. UHiram Edson wayenikezele ngemali kwangaphambili yokuthenga umatshini wokunyathela wesandla we-Washington, kunye noonobumba bokushicilela nezixhobo zokulungisa iofisi. Wayeza kuhlawulwa njengoko iminikelo isiza kungena evela kubahlobo benyaniso. Loo matshini wokunyathela wema eofisini ye-Review and Herald e-Battle Creek, eMich., de watshiswa lilo umlilo, nge-30 kaDisemba 1902. Ngelo xesha wawujongwa njengowona matshini wokunyathela wokuhlola iimpazamo ubalaseleyo eofisini. KwiNombolo 12, iVol. 3, nge-14 ka-Okthobha 1852, kwenziwa isibhengezo sokuba iindleko zokufakela iofisi esi sishicilelo nezixhobo zayo zazinge-$652.93, kwaye iminikelo eyayifunyenwe ngenjongo leyo ukuya kutsho ngaloo mini yayingange-$655.84. Kwezi nombolo zilishumi elinambini ziphephandaba, iikopi eziyi-2,000 zenombolo nganye zazikhutshiwe zaza zasasazwa simahla.

GSAM 286Iqale i-Youth’s Instructor

GSAM 286.1Ngo-Agasti kwaqala e-ofisini ye-Review ukupapashwa kwe-Youth's Instructor, iphephancwadi eliphuma ngenyanga. Ngoku liphuma veki nganye, linemibhalo yokufunda ephindwe kane kunaleyo lalinayo ngelo xesha kwinombolo nganye.

GSAM 286U-Uriah Smith Uqhagamshelana Ne-ofisi

GSAM 286.2Ngo-1853 uMfundisi Uriah Smith waqala umsebenzi wakhe kwi-ofisi ye-Review and Herald, apho wayephethe isikhundla esinoxanduva isithuba esingamashumi amahlanu eminyaka. Ngonyaka lowo (1853) kwachazwa okokuqala kwi-Review and Herald ukuba abo banqwenela ukwenza njalo bangazithenga iimpapasho zethu ngokuhlawula ixabiso lendleko. Kuko bonke abanye izinto eziprintiweyo zazisimahla, njengoko isikhewu sasihlawulwa ngeminikelo yabantu abanentliziyo enomsa nabazimiseleyo. Ngo-1854 kwabhengezwa ukuba ixabiso le-Review elipapashwa kabini ngenyanga lalingu-$1.00 ngonyaka. Kwangaloo nyaka, kwindibano yentente eyayibanjelwe eMacomb County, eMichigan, kwinyanga kaJulayi, kwenziwa umzamo wokuthengisa iimpapasho zethu. Ngethuba lale ndibano kwathengiswa iincwadi ezixabisa i-$50. UMfundisi uWhite, ethetha ngalo mzamo, wathi, ngeReview, “Oku kubonisa ukuba iincwadi zethu ziyakwazi ukuthengiswa.”

GSAM 286Isicelo seNkxaso-mali yeencwadana eyi-$500

GSAM 286.3Kwi-Review yango-Oktobha 12 nangoDisemba 24, 1854, kwenziwa isicelo sengxowa-mali yeencwadana ye-$500 ukuze i-ofisi ikwazi ukunika abafundisi iincwadana zokusasaza simahla ngokunxulumene nomsebenzi wabo, kwaye kwakhona “ngengxowa-mali yoncedo ye-$500 ye-ofisi, ukuze i-Review ipapashwe rhoqo ngeveki, endaweni yokuphoswa, ngamanye amaxesha, yiveki ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemali.”

GSAM 287U-J. P. Kellogg noHenry Lyon Bathengisa Iifama Zabo

GSAM 287.1Kwaba ngeli xesha apho uJ. P. Kellogg, waseTyrone, noHenry Lyon, owayehlala kufuphi nePlymouth, eMich., bathengisa iifama zabo, nganye kuzo ixabisa malunga ne-$3,500, ngenjongo ekukuphela kwayo yokuba nemali abangayisebenzisa ekuphuculeni lo msebenzi; kwaye ngaloo ndlela abanye abazalwana ababini baseMichigan bathatha inyathelo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, benemali esele ilungisiwe neentliziyo ezilungeleyo ukunceda apho kunyanzeleke kakhulu. Owokuqala wazibandakanya kwimveliso yemitshayelo eJackson, Mich., ngelixa lowo wesibini wafudukela eBattle Creek, waza wasebenza umsebenzi wokuchwela ukuxhasa usapho lwakhe.

GSAM 287Zonke Iiphephancwadi Neencwadi Zethu nge-$3.00

GSAM 287.2Ekupheleni kweVolyum 6, ngoJuni, 1855, umntu wayenokufumana i-Review ne-Instructor unyaka omnye, ukongeza kwiseti epheleleyo yazo zonke iipamphlets, iitracts, kunye nencwadi yeengoma eyayisetyenziswa ngelo xesha,—iipamphlets neetracts ezingamashumi amabini anesithandathu, xa zizonke,—ngesixa se-$3.00. Ixabiso elimiselweyo le-Instructor lalingamacenti angamashumi amabini anesihlanu ngamanani alishumi elinambini.

GSAM 287I-Ofisi ye-Review Imenyelwa eMichigan

GSAM 287.3Kwinyanga ka-Epreli, 1855, uMfundisi White nomfazi wakhe baphinda batyelela eMichigan, baza babamba iintlanganiso kwiindawo ezininzi. Ngomhla wama-28 nowama-29 wale nyanga inye, kwabanjwa inkomfa eBattle Creek, apho abazalwana baseBattle Creek bavotela ukumema uMfundisi White ukuba afuduse i-ofisi yeReview isuke eRochester isiye eBattle Creek. UDan Palmer, uCyrenius Smith, uJ. P. Kellogg, noHenry Lyon bavumelana ukuba ngamnye anikezele nge-$300, ngaphandle kwenzala, nto leyo eyenza isixa se-$1200, ukuze kuthengwe isiza kuze kwakhiwe iofisi yokupapasha. Ngenxa yoko bafumana isiza ekoneni esemzantsi-mpuma yezitrato iWest Main neWashington, baza bakha kuso isakhiwo somthi esinemigangatho emibini esilingana neenyawo ezingama-20 x 30, esineentsika eziziinyawo ezingama-20 ubude.

GSAM 288Indlu Yokuqala Yezihlanganiso eBattle Creek

GSAM 288.1Ngelo xesha sinye kwakhiwa indlu yokuqala yentlanganiso yamaSeventh-day Adventist eBattle Creek, enobukhulu obuyi-18 x 24 feet. Esi sakhiwo silula, esalukwe ngamabhodi phezulu naphantsi, saza sivalwa ngamaplanka, sasimi kufutshane nekona esemantla-ntshona yezitrato iVan Buren neCass.

GSAM 288Kwi-Ofisi Yethu Yokuqala YokuShicilela

GSAM 288.2Inombolo yokuqala ye-Review eyapapashwa eBattle Creek kwi-ofisi eyayiphethwe ngamaSeventh-day Adventists yayinomhla we-4 Disemba 1855. Ixabiso lephephandaba ngelo xesha lamiselwa kwi-$1.00 ngomqulu wamanani angamashumi amabini anesithandathu; kodwa kwacelwa iminikelo ukuze kuthunyelwe iphephandaba simahla kubantu abangamahlwempu abafanelekileyo. Ukususela ngelo xesha, ooMfundisi uWaggoner noCottrell babe phantse ngababhali abaqhubekayo kwiikholam ze-Advent Review.

GSAM 288.3Kwi-Review yomhla we-18 kuDisemba 1855, ikomiti epapashayo yenza ingxelo enokuthi kubasebenzi basemsebenzini bangoku ivakale ingaqhelekanga. Yayifundeka ngolu hlobo: “Asiboni sizathu sokuba abo basebenza eofisini bangafumani mbuyekezo efanelekileyo ngeenkonzo zabo. Umhleli ufumana isiqingatha kuphela saloo nto anokuyifumana kwenye indawo.” Kungakuhle ukukhankanya ukuba imivuzo eqhelekileyo ngelo xesha ibingeyiyo isiqingatha sento eyiyo ngoku, kwaye umvuzo wesiqingatha ngelo xesha wawungengaphezulu kwesithathu okanye isine sento ehlawulwa yi-ofisi ngomsebenzi ofanayo ngoku. Abasebenzi be-ofisi ngelo xesha banikela ngesipho sesiqingatha sexabiso leenkonzo zabo ukuze iiNdaba eziLungileyo zenyaniso yangoku zipapashwe.

GSAM 288Isibheno sePower-Press ne-Engine

GSAM 288.4Kwi-Review yomhla we-19 kuMatshi, 1857, kwenziwa isiphakamiso okokuqala sokuba kufuneka umatshini wokunyathela onamandla ne-injini, kwaye kufuneka zifunyanwe ukuze kunyathelwe amaphepha, iincwadana, neencwadi. Njengoko kwanikwa ingxelo ngomhla we-2 kuTshazimpuzi, kwathathwa isigqibo sokuthenga umatshini wokunyathela onamandla we-Adams, kwaye amadoda asixhenxe athembisa i-$100 umntu ngamnye ekuthengweni kwawo. Kushicilelo olulandelayo kwenziwa ingxelo yokuba iprinta ne-injini ziza kuxabisa malunga ne-$2,500, kwaye izibophelelo bezisele zifikelele kwi-$1,700.

GSAM 289.1Kuhlelo oluvela kuMfundisi White kwi-Review yomhla we-13 ka-Agasti, 1857, kukho le ngxelo ikhuthazayo: “I-ofisi yethu ikhululekile. Kukho ingxowa-mali yeencwadi jikelele ye-$1,426, ngoku etyaliwe kwiincwadi. I-power-press entsha isebenza kwaye isebenza kakuhle kakhulu, kwaye kukho ithemba elihle lokuba iza kuqalisa ukusebenza ngamandla omphunga kungekudala, kwaye yonke into ihlawulwe. Imisebenzi yethu yentente ixhaswe ngcono kakhulu kunangaphambili.”

GSAM 289Ingxelo yokuQala yokuThengiswa kweeNcwadi

GSAM 289.2Ngo-Oktobha 29, 1857, kwaxelwa kwi-Review ukuba intengiso yeencwadi yeminyaka emibini edlulileyo ibiyi-$1,287.91, nto leyo eyayiyingxelo yokuqala yolu hlobo eyenziweyo kude kube ngoku. Yayiyimpawu yenkqubela phambili kulo msebenzi, ngoko ke yayingumthombo wokukhuthazwa, njengoko yayibonisa ukuba inyaniso yayizuze amandla, kwaye “njengemilanjana yokukhanya eyenza indlela yayo kwihlabathi jikelele.”

GSAM 289I-Ofisi yeReview Indawo Ekhuselekileyo Yokugcina Imali

GSAM 289.3Kwi-Review yomhla we-13 Agasti 1858, kwaphakanyiswa okokuqala ingcamango ebantwini bethu yokwenza iofisi ibe yindawo yokugcina imali egqithisileyo. Abantu ababenemali ababengenayo imfuneko yayo ngoko nangoko babesakwazi ukuyigcina eofisini, beyitsale nanini na xa beyifuna, kwaye ngaloo ndlela bayinike iofisi inzuzo yokuyisebenzisa. Oku kuphakanyiswa, emva kokuba kuthathwe amanyathelo kuko, kwakhulisa ngakumbi amandla omsebenzi kwezemali.

GSAM 289.4Ukususela ngelo xesha kude kube ngoku (1905), akukho mntu wakha walahlekelwa yidola eyayibolekiswe kwizindlu zethu zopapasho, okanye wasilela ukufumana imali yakhe xa yayifuneka. Abo banenyaniso nengqiqo baye baqala ukujonga iiofisi zethu zopapasho njengendawo ekhuselekileyo ngakumbi yokufaka imali yabo eseleyo kunebhanki, ezisoloko zisilela. Iibhanki zinokuthenjwa kweli hlabathi, ngelixa izindlu zethu zopapasho zixhaswa ngamandla ama-Adventist onke.

GSAM 290Umbutho Wopapasho WamaSeventh-day Adventist Wamiselwa

GSAM 290.1Umbutho Wopapasho WamaSeventh-day Adventist wamiselwa ngomhla we-3 kuMeyi, 1861, kwaye kwathunyelwa iincwadana ezibhengezelayo zicela ubhaliso kwisabelo semali-nkulu nge-$10 isabelo ngasinye. Kwiiveki ezimbini kwabhengezwa ukuba i-$4,080 yesabelo sele ibhalisiwe.

GSAM 290.2Ukuqala nge-11 kaJuni walo nyaka, i-Review yapapashwa yi-Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association. Isakhiwo sokuqala se-ofisi esakhiwe leli qumrhu sasikwisikona esisemzantsi-mpuma seMain neWashington Streets, kwindawo apho kwakhe kwasuswa khona isakhiwo esidala seplanga sasisiya eKalamazoo Street. Esi sakhiwo sasinemigangatho emibini, sinodonga oluqinileyo lwezitena. Sasimile okwesiphambano samaGrike, kwaye sasijonge emantla kwiMain Street. Ubude obugqithisileyo ngasempuma nangasentshona yayiyi-44 leenyawo, ngasemntla nangasemzantsi, yayiyi-72 leenyawo.

GSAM 290Iimpapasho Zokuqala Ngeminye Iilwimi

GSAM 290.3Inyathelo nenyathelo umyalezo waqhubela phambili, yaye yonke intshukumo enesibindi yayisenza umsebenzi ube namandla kwaye uzinzile. Ngelo xesha indlu yethu yokupapasha yakhupha iincwadana ezintlanu ngeelwimi zangaphandle, ezintathu ngeDanish-Norwegian nezimbini ngeFrentshi; ngaloo ndlela kwaqalwa ukushicilela okulungiselelwe amazwe angaphandle.

GSAM 290.4Ngokwanda okuqhubekayo kwamalungu, kwabakho ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwimali. Oku kubonakaliswa yingxelo ekwi-Review yomhla we-16 kuMeyi, 1863, apho unobhala wombutho wanika ingxelo yazo zonke iimali ezifunyenweyo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:—

GSAM 291.1UNobhala uyaqhubeka athi:

GSAM 291.1“Ngokulinganisa okukhuselekileyo kwempahla yombutho, kuye kwagqitywa ukuba ixabiso layo aliphantsi kwe-$20,000, nto leyo engaphezulu phantse nge-$5,000 kwinto ebize abahlobo balo msebenzi. Oku kuthetha kakuhle ngokunyaniseka nokuthembeka kukaMzalwana White kunye nabo bebesebenza naye kwi-ofisi ye-Review. “E. S. Walker, uNobhala.”

GSAM 291Ukudluliselwa kwe-Review kuMbutho

GSAM 291.2Ngenxa yokuba umsebenzi wokupapasha ufikelele kwezi ziphumo ngenxa yemizamo enzima nemibingelelo kaMfundisi White, ingeniso evela kuwo yayiphathelele kuye; kuba impumelelo yayibangelwe kukuzincama kwakhe, ubuchule bakhe kwezoshishino, kunye nolawulo lwakhe olukhathaleleyo. Kodwa endaweni yokuba azifunele lona, okanye nayiphi na inxalenye yalo, walinikezela lonke ebandleni ngovuyo; kwaye ngaphezu koko, xa umbutho, emva kokuba umiswe, wavotela ukuba afumane i-$6 ngeveki ngeenkonzo zakhe, wamkela kuphela i-$4 ngeveki.

GSAM 291Iphephandaba KuNxweme LwasePasifiki

GSAM 291.3Kwi-Review yomhla wama-21 kuTshazimpuzi, 1874, kwakukho inqaku elivela kuMfundisi White, apho, ethetha ngomsebenzi wasePacific Coast, wachaza ukuba kungekudala kuza kufuneka ukusekwa kwephephandaba leveki nganye elizinikele kwiimfuno zeli candelo kuloo nxweme. Kamsinya emva koku, kwavuleka indlela yokuthenga isixa esincinci seetayiphu nezixhobo eOakland, nazo, kwinyanga kaJuni, kwaqalwa upapasho oluphuma kabini ngenyanga, olubizwa ngokuba yi-Signs of the Times.

GSAM 291Ukuqokelela Imali

GSAM 291.4Emva kokushicilela iinombolo ezintandathu ze-Signs, uMfundisi White wabuyela eMpuma, ecela iNkomfa yaseCalifornia ukuba yenze amalungiselelo okupapashwa kweli phephandaba. KwiNkomfa Jikelele, nge-15 ka-Agasti 1874, kwenziwa isiphakamiso kubantakwabo baseMpuma ukuba baqokelele i-$6,000 ukuze kuthengwe umatshini wokushicilela, injini, kunye noonobumba ze-ofisi ye-Signs, ukuba abantakwabo basePacific Coast bangaqokelela i-$4,000 ukuze bafumane indawo baze bakhe isakhiwo esifanelekileyo se-ofisi.

GSAM 292.1UMfundisi uGeo. I. Butler, ngelo xesha owayelilungu leKomiti yeNkomfa Jikelele, waya kwindibano yamakampu eYountville, eCal., waza wazisa esi siphakamiso kubazalwana. Ngomhla we-11 ku-Okthobha 1874, baphendula kwesi sibongozo ngokuthembisa isixa se-$19,414 ngemali yeengqekembe.

GSAM 292I-Pacific Press Yasekwa

GSAM 292.2NgoFebruwari 2, 1875, uMfundisi uJames White kunye nenkosikazi yakhe, bekunye noMfundisi uJ. H. Waggoner kunye nabanye abasebenzi abakhutheleyo, bafika e-Oakland. Ngomhla we-12 welo nyanga, kwabizwa iseshoni ekhethekileyo yeNkomfa yaseCalifornia, ukuze kuqwalaselwe indawo eza kwakhiwa kuyo izakhiwo ze-ofisi ye-Signs of the Times. Emva kokucingisisa okufanelekileyo, kwagqitywa ukuba kufunwe iilota kwicala elisentshona lweCastro St., phakathi kweSitalato se-11 ne-12. Ngaloo mini uMfundisi White noJohn Morrison bazithenga ezi lota, bafumana amaxwebhu egama labo, beqonda ukuba xa uMbutho sele usekwe, baya kuwudlulisela kuwo umhlaba owaneleyo njengoko kuya kubonwa kufanelekile ukuze usetyenziswe yinkampani.

GSAM 292.3Ngo-Epreli 1, 1875, kwakusekwa iPacific Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association eOakland, kwaye inkunzi yayo yotyalo-mali yamiselwa kwi-$28,000. Inxalenye esembindini yeeplothi ezikwiCastro St. yahanjiswa ngokwesivumelwano ngokwasemthethweni kwintlangano, kwaye kwangoko kwakhiwa isakhiwo ngu-O. B. Jones, waseBattle Creek, eMich., isimo nobungakanani baso besifana nese-ofisi eyakhiwa eBattle Creek, ngaphandle kokuba eso siseOakland sakhiwa ngomthi endaweni yezitena. Le sakhiwo sakuba sikulungele ukusetyenziswa, i-Signs of the Times yafudukela kwiziko layo elitsha ngoLwesihlanu, umhla wama-27 ku-Agasti 1875.

GSAM 293Ukufuduka eMountain View

GSAM 293.1Kulo mzi wakhiwo, upapasho lwamaphephancwadi neencwadi lwaqhubeka ngempumelelo kude kwayi-1904, xa kwenziwa amalungiselelo okufudusela indawo yokuprinta emaphandleni. Isizathu sokwenza olu tshintsho sinikwe ngumphathi wePacific Press ngala mazwi:

GSAM 293.1“Kangangeminyaka abaphathi bePacific Press Publishing Company bebesithi umhlaba apho ikomkhulu labo lokupapasha likhoyo ngoku uxabiseke kakhulu, kwaye umhlaba ngokwawo umxinwa kakhulu, usembindini wesixeko esikhulu kwindawo yokuhlala, ngeenjongo zofektri, kwaye bubulumko ngeendlela ezininzi ukukhangela indawo ethile yasemaphandleni apho umhlaba ungenaxabiso lingako, apho abasebenzi bangafumana khona amakhaya kwiimeko ezisempilweni, kunye nendawo eyaneleyo yeegadi, imithi yeziqhamo, nendawo yokuphefumla; nalapho iingenelo zothutho ziya kulunga. Indawo enjalo ifunyenwe yaza yaqinisekiswa kwilali yaseMountain View, kwiSanta Clara County, kumgama wemayile ezingamashumi amathathu anesithoba kumazantsi eSan Francisco, indawo edibanisa iingenelo ezininzi zesixeko kunye neenzuzo zobomi basemaphandleni obusempilweni.”

GSAM 293Ukuprintwa Kuqalisiwe Kumazwe Angaphandle

GSAM 293.2Okubonisa ukusasazeka kwenyaniso, siqaphela ukuba ukusukela ngo-1875 ukuya ku-1878 umsebenzi wokushicilela waqalwa eBasel, eSwitzerland, naseChristiana, eNorway.

GSAM 293.3Ekwindla lowama-1875 kwaphakanyiswa ingxelo kwi-Review malunga nentengiso yeencwadi kwi-ofisi ye-Review and Herald kuphela, kwisithuba seminyaka esixhenxe, ukusukela ngo-1868 ukuya ku-1875, eyayifikelela kwi-$85,644.54, ukunyuka okungaphantse kube kathandathu kuneminyaka esixhenxe engaphambili, kwaye intengiso yazo zone iiofisi (iMichigan, iCalifornia, iSwitzerland, neNorway), kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu, ukusukela ngo-1875 ukuya ku-1878, yayiyi-$98,163.73.

GSAM 293.4Kwenziwa ingxelo kwi-Review yomhla we-17 ka-Okthobha 1878, yokuba zonke iincwadi, iipamphlete, kunye neencwadana eziprintiweyo yi-ofisi ye-Review phambi konyaka ka-1864 zafikelela kumaphepha angama-50,058,000. Ukususela ngo-1864 ukuya ku-1878 inani lamaphepha lalingama-158,130,951, okanye isixa esipheleleyo samaphepha angama-208,188,951.

GSAM 294I-Youth's Instructor Yenziwa Yaba Liphephancwadi Leveki

GSAM 294.1Kude kube nguJanuwari 1, 1879, i-Youth's Instructor yayipapashwa ngenyanga, kodwa ngalo mhla, njengoko yayingena kunyaka wayo wamashumi amabini anesixhenxe, yayikhutshwa veki nganye; kwaye ngaloo ndlela ukunceda kwayo kwanda ngokuphindwe kane.

GSAM 294Into uMfundisi uWhite ayinikezela kuMbutho

GSAM 294.2Kwi-Review kaJanuwari 23, 1879, kukho iingxelo ezenziwe nguMfundisi uWhite malunga nokunxulumana kwakhe nalo msebenzi, ekufanelekileyo ukuba zizisiwe apha, njengoko zikhanyisa ngakumbi ngeembingelelo ezenziweyo kumsebenzi wokupapasha. Isicatshulwa sithi:—

GSAM 294.3“Xa, ngo-1861, kwasekwa i-Publishing Association e-Battle Creek, eMich., sanikezela uluhlu lwababhalisi bethu kunye nelungelo lokuphinda kupapashwe zonke iincwadi zethu (okugqitywe ukuba zazixabisa i-$10,000) kulo mbutho, sisala sinexabiso le-$1,000 kuphela; saza saqhubeka nomsebenzi wethu njengomhleli, umphathi, nomshumayeli nge-$6 ngeveki.

GSAM 294.4“Ngo-1866, xa sabuyela kwi-ofisi ye-Review, emva kokugula kakhulu, safumana abaphathi behlawula ishumi lepesenti kumawaka, kwaye isitokhwe esisisiseko sincitshiswe saya kutsho kwi-$32,000;³ kodwa kwiminyaka emine, ngentsikelelo kaThixo, amatyala ahlawulwe, isitokhwe senyuka saya kutsho kwi-$75,000, kwaye thina [umbutho] sasinemali eyi-$5,000 ezibhankini.”

GSAM 294Imeko yeNkampani yoShicilelo ngo-1880

GSAM 294.5Kwi-Review kaJanuwari 15, 1880, uMfundisi uButler uthi:—

GSAM 294.6“Indlu yethu yokuPapasha (eBattle Creek) isandul' ukwandiswa ngokwakhiwa kwecandelo eliphakathi phakathi kwezakhiwo ezibini zasempuma, nto leyo eyonyuse kakhulu umthamo nokulula kokusebenza kwazo zonke. Kukho izixhobo zokwenza i-electrotyping ne-stereotyping, nokubopha iincwadi ngendlela egqwesileyo. Enyanisweni, kuthiwa ngabo bafanele ukwazi, ukuba yeyona ndlu yokuPapasha igqibeleleyo nepheleleyo kwiPhondo laseMichigan.”

GSAM 295.1Ngaphandle koku kwandiswa, kwanyanzeleka, phambi kokuba kuphele ihlobo, ukuba kwakhiwe isakhiwo esitsha emazantsi kwisakhiwo esikhulu, sokuba yigumbi lokushicilela. Kolu gumbi kwathuthwa oomatshini abahlanu bokushicilela abaqhutywa yinjini bale mbutho. Omnye wale matshini wokushicilela wawumkhulu kunayo nayiphi na eyayisetyenziswe ngaphambili e-ofisini. Omnye owalingana nayo ngobukhulu nangesimbo wayesandul' ukubekwa kwi-ofisi ye-Signs of the Times, e-Oakland, eCal.

GSAM 295.2Kwi-Review yomhla we-17 kuMeyi, 1881, ebhekisa kwimpumelelo yomsebenzi wokupapasha kwikhaya eliphambili lokupapasha eBattle Creek, uMfundisi White wathi:—

GSAM 295.3“Ukuba uthatha isixa samatyala eSeventh-day Adventist Publishing Association kwi-invoyisi ecokisekileyo yepropathi, kusala kwipropathi yomhlaba nakwipropathi yobuqu isixa esingekho ngaphantsi kwe-$105,000. Kule mali, bonke abantu bethu banikele ngayo ngezabelo, iminikelo, namafa ashiyiweyo, isixa esingange-$34,432.17, yaye amadoda nabafazi abambalwa abathembekileyo abanike ubomi babo kulo msebenzi, bongeze [kungekhona ngeminikelo, kodwa ngokuzincama nolawulo olucokisekileyo] i-$70,567.83.”

GSAM 295Umsebenzi Wokuthengisa Uqalisisiwe

GSAM 295.4Ukuqala kunyaka ka-1881 abantu bethu benza umzamo omtsha, baza bangena kumsebenzi wokuthengisa iimpapasho zethu. Njengoko kungazange kwenziwe iingxelo ezichanekileyo ngabathengisi, malunga nentengiso yabo, kude kube ngunyaka ka-1884, ingxelo yethu yelo xesha isekelwe kwingxelo yentengiso yezindlu zoshicilelo ezine. Ngokwezibalo zabo, intengiso yeminyaka emihlanu yayiyi-$221,248.69. Njengoko impembelelo yomsebenzi yayanda isuka kwiimisioni zethu eYurophu ePhakathi nakumazwe aseScandinavia, imfuno yempapasho ngeelwimi zangaphandle yanda.

GSAM 296Ukuthengiswa Kweencwadi Kwiminyaka Eli-10

GSAM 296.1Ukususela ngo-1884 ukuya ku-1894, isithuba seminyaka elishumi, intengiso yeencwadi zethu ezinkulu ezibotshelelweyo yenziwa kakhulu ngabathengisi abahambahambayo. Intengiso yabo ngeli xesha ibe yi-$4,031,391.26. Ngelo xesha umsebenzi wethu wandiswa ngakumbi ngokusekwa kweenkampani zokupapasha e-Australia; eTahiti, kwiiZiqithi zePacific; eHelsingfors, eFinland; eHamburg, eJamani; nakwezinye iindawo. Intengiso yabathengisi ngonyaka ka-1895, nangona iimeko zazingentle ngaloo nyaka, yayiyi-$357,467.23 iyonke, nto leyo eyenze isixa esipheleleyo, kubandakanywa intengiso esele siyikhankanyile, saba yi-$4,816,773.73.

GSAM 296Iintengiso Zeminyaka Engamashumi Amahlanu $11,000,000

GSAM 296.2Ukuze sazi isixa esipheleleyo sentengiso ukusukela ngo-1854 ukuya kuJanuwari 1, 1896, kusafuneka songeze amanani entengiso yeencwadi zorhwebo, iipamphlet, iitrakthi, kunye neetshati, njengoko kunikiwe ziinkampani zonke zopapasho kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, esixa esiyi-$3,458,278.23; nto leyo enika isixa esipheleleyo seentengiso zeencwadi zeli hlelo kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini anesibini yi-$8,275,051.96. Ukuyibeka ngenye indlela: Iintengiso zeminyaka engamashumi amathathu (1854 ukuya ku-1884) zibe yi-$424,915.24, kwaye kwiminyaka elishumi elinesibini elandelayo, ukuya kumhla woku-1 kuJanuwari 1896, zibe yi-$7,850,136.72. Nangona inani labathengisi beencwadi lehlile kule minyaka isibhozo idlulileyo, luqikelelo olukhuselekileyo ukuthi ukusukela ngo-1854 kude kube ngoku (1905) kuthengiswe iimpapasho zeSeventh-day Adventist ezixabisa ngaphezulu kwe-$11,000,000.

GSAM 296Ukuprintwa Kwiilwimi Ezimalunga Namashumi Amane

GSAM 296.3Inkqubela yomyalezo oshicilelweyo iyabonakala xa sicinga ukuba kuqalwe kwiilwimi ezimalunga namashumi amane eziphambili, ezifana ne-Arabic, Armenian, Basuto, Bohemian, Bulgarian, Bengali-India, Chinese, Danish, English, Esthonian, Finnish, French, Fijian, Greek, German, Dutch, Hungarian, Hawaiian, Italian, Icelandic, Japanese, Xhosa, Lettish, Lavonian, Maori, Polish, Portuguese, Roumanian, Russian, Servian, Spanish, Swedish, Tahitian, Tongan, Welsh, njl. Kula mazwe nezizwe ezahlukeneyo kukho abasebenzi abakhutheleyo abaqhubela phambili iinyaniso zomyalezo wesithathu.

GSAM 297.1Inani leencwadi, iipamphlete, kunye neetrakthi eziprintiweyo ngeelwimi ezahlukeneyo lingaphezulu kwe-1,187. Ukufumana ikopi yayo yonke enye, kunye neephephancwadi ezingamashumi asibhozo anesixhenxe zeli hlelo⁴ ngeelwimi ezahlukeneyo unyaka omnye, kungathatha malunga ne-$340.

GSAM 297Indawo Yezindlu Zokupapasha Ezingamashumi Amabini

GSAM 297.2Izindlu zokupapasha ezingamashumi amabini zamaSeventh-day Adventists zifumaneka ngolu hlobo: Avondale, Australia; Battle Creek, Mich. (2); Basel, Switzerland; Christiana, Norway; Copenhagen, Denmark; Cape Town, South Africa; Calcutta, India; College View, eNebraska; eHamburg, eJamani; eHelsingfors, eFinland; eLondon, eNgilani; eMelbourne, eOstreliya; eMontreal, eKhanada; eNashville, eTennessee; eOakland, eCalifornia; eSouth Lancaster, eMassachusetts; eStockholm, eSweden; eTocubaya, eMexico; eWashington, D.C. Ngaphandle kwezi ndlu zokupapasha, abantu bethu baphrinta amaphephandaba namaphepha amancinci eHong Kong, eTshayina; eTokio, eJapan; eCairo, eJiputa; eMzantsi Melika; naseZiqithini zaseFiji.

GSAM 297Ukupapasha iPamphlet yokuQala

GSAM 297.3Okwethutyana masijonge emva kwiindlela zokusebenza ekwakufuneka abaqalisi basebenze ngazo. Ekwindla konyaka we-1853, ekwenziweni kwencwadi yokuqala eyayiprintwa kwiprinta yohlobo lweWashington—“The Sanctuary,”—emva kokuba “intlanganiso” yoodade ebafoldile yaye iqokelele amaphepha encwadi asongiweyo ukulungiselela ukuwathunga, umbhali wawagqobhoza nge-awl yokubetha iipegi; yaye emva kokuba kufakwe iikhava, uUriah Smith wazisika nge-straight-edge kunye nemela ebukhali. Oku kwenziwa ngenxa yokunqongophala koomatshini abafanelekileyo bokwenza loo nxalenye yomsebenzi.

GSAM 298.1Kungekudala kangako, ngo-1861, yonke imibhalo yecawa yayiprintwa kwiprinta enye yohlobo lwe-Adams power-press, eqhutywa yinjini enamandla amahashe amabini. Ngoku, kwiiofisi ezahlukeneyo zopapasho, kukho iiprinta ezingaphezu kwamashumi amane ezisebenza ngamandla omphunga ezisebenza ngalo lonke ixesha, zishicilela inyaniso yangoku. Ezi ofisi ziqesha abantu abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu ukwenza lo msebenzi, ngelixa amakhulu abathengisi bekwintsimi bethengisa iincwadi phakathi kwabantu.

GSAM 298.2Kunyaka ka-1862 iseti epheleleyo yazo zonke iimpapasho ezazikhutshwa ngamaSeventh-day Adventist yayinokuthengwa ngesixa se-$7.50; ngo-1904, njengoko kubonisiwe, kwakufuneka i-$340 ukufumana iseti epheleleyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo yinto engaphaya kobuchule bomntu esebenze ekuzalisekiseni ezi ziphumo.

GSAM 298.3Ukunyuka komsebenzi wokupapasha phakathi kwamaSeventh-day Adventist, njengoko kwakubikezelwe ngo-1848, ngokwenene kube njengokuqhubela phambili kwelanga, “Liya lishushu—lithumela imitha yalo”—“Liyaqhubeka nokuhamba kwalo njengelanga, kodwa alisoze litshone.”

GSAM 298Hamba Ngokholo—Ubungqina bukaMfundisi uStone

GSAM 298.4Inzondelelo nokuzimisela kwabo batyhalele phambili kumsebenzi womyalezo wesithunywa sesithathu kuchazwe kakuhle kwi-Review yomhla we-5 kuFebruwari, 1884, nguMfundisi uAlbert Stone, omnye wabaqalisi kulo msebenzi, owaphila waba neminyaka engamashumi alithoba ubudala:—

GSAM 298.5“Imbali yokuqala yalo mcimbi yayingusuku lwezinto ezincinci, kwaye iindlela ezazisetyenziswa zazibonakala zingonelanga kuloo msebenzi. Kodwa amadoda nabafazi abanokholo baye bayazi kwasekuqaleni ukuba ingalo eyomeleleyo yeNkosi ibandakanyekile kulo msebenzi. Baye bayazi ukuba ixesha elimiselweyo lokuthanda uZiyon liye lafika, nokuba iNkosi ibeke isandla sayo ukuqokelela abantu bayo. Babone ukuba iNkosi iphethe ivili lenqanawa, nokuba iNqanawa yeeNdaba eziLungileyo, ithwele ibandla eliyintsalela kunye nomthwalo walo wenyaniso ebuyiselweyo, ukholo oluvavanyiweyo, nothando olugqibeleleyo, yayiza kungena ngokukhuselekileyo echwebeni.”