Babi na 18 — Hikimar Allah a Aikin Wallafa

GSAM 281.1"BARI mu yarda da Ubangiji; bari mu nace gaba don mu yarda da shi. Muddin rana tana fitowa, zai bayyana."¹

GSAM 281.2Har zuwa watan Yuni, 1849, ayyukan Fasto White da matarsa da Fasto Bates sun taƙaita ne ga Jihohin New England. A wannan lokacin Miss Clarissa Bonfoey, daga Middletown, Conn., ta shiga cikin iyalin Fasto White. Kan gajeren lokaci kafin wannan, mahaifiyarta ta rasu, ta bar mata duk abin da ake bukata don gudanar da gida a ƙaramin mataki. Ta wannan hanya ne Fasto White ya sake samun damar kafa gida; kuma hakan ya yi a wani ɓangare na gidan Mista Belden a Rocky Hill, Connecticut.

GSAM 281Farkon Akidar Hulɗa da Ruhohi ta Zamani

GSAM 281.3A ranar 24 ga Maris, 1849, an gudanar da taro na gabaɗaya a Topsham, Maine. A wannan ranar Asabar an ba Misis White wahayi; batunsa ya kasance mai matuƙar muhimmanci. Wataƙila za a fi fahimtar wannan wahayi idan an samu tunanin gabaɗaya game da yanayin da ake ciki a wancan lokacin.

GSAM 281.4A ƙarshen watan Maris, 1848, a Hydesville, Wayne Co., N.Y., ne aka fara jin "ƙarar ban mamaki," ko abin da daga baya aka kira "bugun ruhu." Wannan ya faru ne a gidan dangin Fox. A ƙarshen lokacin rani, dangin suka koma Rochester, N.Y., inda a Corinthian Hall aka gudanar da nunin jama’a, kuma an yi wa ’yan matan cikakken bincike ta hannun kwamitocin mata da maza da aka zaɓa daga cikin ’yan ƙasa mafi nagarta don wannan manufa. Duk da cewa mafi yawan mutane sun ɗauki ƙarar a matsayin yaudara ko wani dabarar hannu, waɗanda suka fi saurin gaskata ba su da tunanin cewa za ta girma har zuwa wani babban matsayi.

GSAM 282Hasashen Game da Akidar Hulɗa da Ruhohi

GSAM 282.1A cikin wahayin da aka ambata a sama, Misis White ta ga cewa bugun asiri a Rochester da sauran wurare, shi ne ikon Iblis, kuma irin waɗannan abubuwa za su ƙara yawaita; kuma za a rufe su da suturar addini, don yaudarar waɗanda aka yaudare su zuwa ga ƙarin tsaro, da ja hankalin mutanen Allah, idan zai yiwu, zuwa waɗannan abubuwa, da sa su yi shakkar koyarwar Ruhu Mai Tsarki.

GSAM 282.2Amma kaɗan, ko babu kowa, a wancan lokacin ne suka yi tunanin ko kaɗan cewa akidar hulɗa da ruhohi za ta bazu a duniya kamar yadda aka annabta a lokacin, ko kuma zai taɓa zama addini, tare da coci-coci da fastoci da aka tsara yadda ya kamata.

GSAM 282An Cika Hasashen

GSAM 282.3Cika wannan annabci, duk da haka, ya bayyana idan muka yi la’akari da yawan mambobinsu, wanda ake ruwaito ya kai miliyan 10 a Amurka kaɗai. Game da suturar addininsu ta yanzu, ga abin da muka samo daga mujallar Review and Herald, Washington, D.C., 12 ga Nuwamba, 1903:—

GSAM 282.4"A taron National Association of Spiritualists da aka gudanar a wannan birni kwanan nan, an amince da sabon tsarin ibada. An tanadi 'naɗin' fastoci ko masu wa’azi, kuma an amince da wata ƙungiyar masu imani da akidar hulɗa da ruhohi a matsayin 'coci.' Za a ga haka idan aka karanta sashe na gaba daga sabon tsarin ibada:—

GSAM 282.5"'Babu wani fasto ko mai wa’azi da za a naɗa shi a kan coci ko ƙungiya sai dai an fara gabatar da shi cikin hukuma ta ofis ta hanyar abin da aka sani tun farkon tarihin addini a matsayin hidimar naɗin muƙami. Babu wanda zai iya zama ɗan takarar naɗin muƙami sai ya sami kiran zama fasto na wata coci ko ƙungiya, ko an naɗa shi ɗan mishan ta wata Ƙungiyar Akidar Hulɗa da Ruhohi ta Jiha, wadda aka haɗa a matsayin ƙungiyar addini a Jihar da take, ko ta National Spiritualist Association of the United States of America. Duk mutanen da ke neman zama fastoci ko ma’aikatan misharanci dole ne su kasance a cikakken zumunci da wata coci ko ƙungiyar masu akidar hulɗa da ruhohi na aƙalla shekaru uku, kuma na aƙalla shekaru biyu su kasance masu lasisi, waɗanda ƙungiyar Jiha ko ta Ƙasa ta ba su a matsayin masu jawabi na gwaji. Fastocin da aka naɗa su na ƙasa da cikakken shekara guda ba za su cancanci naɗin muƙami ba.'"

GSAM 283Fasto White a Oswego, N.Y.

GSAM 283.1Tunda aikin wallafa yana Oswego, N.Y., Fasto White ya canza mazauninsa daga Connecticut zuwa nan a kaka ta 1849, kuma a nan aka gudanar da taron masu bi a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba a shekarar nan. Game da ayyukansu na gaba, Misis White ta ce:—

GSAM 283.2"Daga nan muka yanke shawarar cewa wajibcinmu ne mu yi aiki a Jihar New York. Mijina ya ji nauyi a kansa na rubutu da wallafa. Mun haya gida a Oswego, mun aro kayan ɗaki daga ’yan’uwanmu, muka fara zama a gidan. A can mijina ya rubuta, ya wallafa, kuma ya yi wa’azi. Ya zama dole a gare shi ya kasance cikin cikakken makami a kowane lokaci, domin sau da yawa sai ya yi muhawara da masu ikirarin Adventistoci da ke goyon bayan kuskure, suna wa’azin lokaci takamaimai, kuma suna neman karkatar da kowa yadda za su iya game da bangaskiyarmu."²

GSAM 283An wallafa Second Advent Review

GSAM 283.3A cikin kaka ta 1850 an ga ya dace a sake yin wani canji; don haka Fasto White ya koma Paris, Maine, inda aka buga kundin farko na Second Advent Review and Sabbath Herald a matsayin mujalla mai fitowa sau biyu a wata, wadda ta ƙunshi lambobi goma sha uku, kowanne na da shafuka takwas masu ginshiƙai biyu, girman shafin bugu kuwa inci bakwai da ɗaya bisa takwas a nisan inci goma da ɗaya bisa huɗu. Lamba ta farko an sanya ranar watan Nuwamba da ya biyo baya, kuma lamba ta ƙarshe ranar 9 ga Yuni, 1851.

GSAM 284.1Ƙarin girman jaridar fiye da na Present Truth ya kasance kyakkyawan alama ga yaɗuwar gaskiya yadda ya kamata, ƙaruwa a yawan masu aikin wannan manufa, da masu goyon bayan aikin. Tunda jaridar tana fitowa ne kyauta, ana sa ran abokan wannan manufa za su taimaka wajen wallafinta, kuma haka suka yi. Ko da yake mafi yawan masu imani sun kasance mutane masu matsakaicin hali, sun taimaka gwargwadon yadda Ubangiji ya albarkace su, kuma sun yi yadda suka iya wajen tura keken gaskiya gaba.

GSAM 284J. N. Andrews Ya Fara Wa’azi

GSAM 284.2A kusan wannan lokaci J. N. Andrews, wanda yake zaune a Paris, Maine, ya fara ayyukansa na jama’a a matsayin mai wa’azin bishara kuma marubuci kan batutuwan addini. A cikin mujallar Review ta Mayu, 1851, ya wallafa wani labari mai shafi sama da biyar kan batun saƙonnin uku. A cikinsa ya danganta annabcin dabba mai ƙaho biyu na Ru’uya ta Yohanna 13 ga Amurka, yana ɗaukar matsayin, bisa ƙarfin annabcin kaɗai, cewa tilastawa ranar Lahadi a matsayin Asabar zai zama ginshiƙin da za a kafa haɗin coci da gwamnati a ƙasar nan a ƙarshe. Hujjar sa ta dogara gaba ɗaya ne akan annabcin, domin a wancan lokacin babu wani motsi da ke nuni sosai da hakan, kalmar da ta fi ƙarfi da za a iya samu tana goyon bayan hakan ita ce wata magana daga Dr. Durbin, da aka ɗauko daga Christian Advocate and Journal, wadda ta ce:—

GSAM 284.3"Idan Kiristanci ya zama rayuwar ɗabi’a da ta ruhaniya ta jiha, jiha tana da alhakin, ta hannun masu mulkinta, hana a fili take ranar Lahadi mai tsarki, a matsayin mataki na kiyaye kanta."

GSAM 285Sayar da Gona don Tallafa wa Aiki

GSAM 285.1A kusan wannan lokacin ne mutane irin su Hiram Edson na New York da Cyrenius Smith na Jackson, Michigan, suka yanke shawarar sayar da gonakinsu, kowacce tana da darajar dala 3,500, su kuma haya gonaki don amfaninsu, domin su sami kuɗaɗen tallafi ga ayyuka daban-daban da za su taso wajen ci gaba da aikin saƙon.

GSAM 285Matsar da Aikin Buga Littafi zuwa Saratoga

GSAM 285.2A shekarar 1851, Fasto White ya koma daga Paris, Maine, zuwa Saratoga Springs, N.Y., kuma a nan ya sake kafa gidan zama tare da kayan ɗaki na aro, sannan ya wallafa kundi na biyu na Advent Review, lamba ta farko tana ɗauke da ranar 5 ga Agusta na wannan shekarar. Wannan kundin ya ƙunshi lambobi goma sha huɗu, kuma ana fitar da shi sau biyu a wata. An wallafa lamba ta ƙarshe a ranar 23 ga Maris, 1852. An canza sunan mujallar kaɗan daga Second Advent Review, kamar yadda yake a Kundi na 1, zuwa Advent Review and Sabbath Herald, sunan da har yanzu take riƙe da shi a kundinta na tamanin da biyu. Girman mujallar ya ƙaru zuwa ginshiƙai uku da shafuka takwas, inda kowanne shafi mai bugawa yake da inci takwas da kwata a nisan inci goma sha ɗaya da rubu’i uku.

GSAM 285.3Za a ga daga girman da aka ƙara wa mujallar addini wadda a da take kuma har yanzu take, cewa kowace canji ta kasance don alheri, tana nuna wani matakin ci gaba mai ma’ana, kuma tana ba da hujja a fili cewa aikin mala’ika na uku "ya zo ya daɗe."

GSAM 285Wallafa a Rochester—Mallakar Injin Buga na Hannu

GSAM 285.4A ranar 6 ga Mayu, 1852, lamba ta farko ta Kundin 3 na Advent Review and Sabbath Herald an buga ta a Rochester, N.Y., kuma an buga ta ne a kan injin buga da haruffan da Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai suka mallaka. Hiram Edson ya ba da kuɗi a gaba don sayen injin buga na hannu na Washington, tare da haruffa da kayan aiki don gyara ofishin. Za a biya shi ne daga gudummawar da abokan gaskiya za su bayar. Wannan injin buga na hannu ya tsaya a ofishin Review and Herald a Battle Creek, Mich., har sai da wuta ta ƙone shi a ranar 30 ga Disamba, 1902. A wancan lokacin ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin mafi kyawun injin buga na duba kuskure a ofishin. A cikin Lamba ta 12, Kundi na 3, 14 ga Oktoba, 1852, an sanar da cewa kuɗin da aka kashe wajen shirya ofishin da wannan injin buga da kayan aiki ya kai $652.93, kuma kuɗaɗen da aka karɓa don wannan manufa har zuwa wannan rana sun kai $655.84. Daga cikin waɗannan lambobi goma sha biyu na jaridar, an buga kwafi 2,000 na kowace lamba kuma an rarraba su kyauta.

GSAM 286An fara wallafa Youth’s Instructor

GSAM 286.1A watan Agusta an fara wallafa mujallar Youth’s Instructor a ofishin Review, wacce ake fitarwa kowane wata. Yanzu kuwa ana fitarta kowane mako, tare da nassoshi sau huɗu fiye da na wancan lokacin a kowace lamba.

GSAM 286Uriah Smith Ya Haɗu da Ofishin

GSAM 286.2A shekarar 1853, Fasto Uriah Smith ya fara ayyukansa a ofishin Review and Herald, inda ya riƙe muƙami mai alhaki na tsawon shekaru hamsin. A wannan shekarar (1853) an bayyana a karon farko a cikin Review and Herald cewa waɗanda suke so za su iya sayen wallafe-wallafenmu ta hanyar biyan farashin kuɗin da aka kashe wajen wallafawa. Ga sauran kowa, an ba da kayan buga kyauta, yayin da ake cike gibin ta gudummawar masu zuciya mai yalwa da son rai. A shekarar 1854 an sanar da cewa farashin mujallar Review wacce ake fitarwa sau biyu a wata shi ne $1.00 a shekara. A cikin wannan shekarar, a wani taron tanti da aka gudanar a gundumar Macomb, Michigan, a watan Yuli, an yi ƙoƙarin sayar da wallafe-wallafenmu. A yayin wannan taron an sayar da littattafai masu darajar $50. Fasto White, a lokacin da yake magana game da wannan ƙoƙari, ya ce ta hanyar mujallar Review, "Wannan ya nuna cewa za a iya sayar da littattafanmu."

GSAM 286Kiran Asusun Takardun Wayar da Kai na $500

GSAM 286.3A cikin mujallar Review ta 12 ga Oktoba da 24 ga Disamba, 1854, an yi kira don kafa asusun takardun wayar da kai na dala 500 domin ofishin ya samar wa masu wa’azi takardun wayar da kai don rarrabawa kyauta a yayin ayyukansu, da kuma "asusun agaji na dala 500 don ofishin, domin mujallar Review ta fito a kai a kai kowane mako, maimakon ta yi rashin fitowa a wasu lokuta saboda ƙarancin kuɗi."

GSAM 287J. P. Kellogg da Henry Lyon Sun Sayar da Gonakinsu

GSAM 287.1A wannan lokacin ne J. P. Kellogg na Tyrone, da Henry Lyon, wanda yake zaune kusa da Plymouth, Mich., suka sayar da gonakinsu, kowacce kimarta kusan dala 3,500, da nufin samun kuɗi da za su yi amfani da shi wajen ci gaba da aikin; haka kuma wasu ’yan’uwa biyu na Michigan suka tashi tsaye a daidai lokacin da ya dace, da kuɗi a hannu da zuciya mai murna don tallafawa inda ake bukatar taimako sosai. Na farko ya shiga aikin ƙera tsintsiyoyi a Jackson, Michigan, yayin da na biyun ya koma Battle Creek, ya yi aikin katako don tallafa wa iyalinsa.

GSAM 287Duk Takardunmu da Littattafanmu a kan $3.00

GSAM 287.2A ƙarshen Kundi na 6, Yuni, 1855, mutum zai iya samun mujallar Review da Instructor na tsawon shekara guda, baya ga cikakken saitin duk takardun wayar da kai, bugun bayani, da littafin waƙoƙi, irin waɗanda ake amfani da su a wancan lokacin,—takardun wayar da kai da bugun bayani ashirin da shida gaba ɗaya,—a kan kuɗin $3.00. Farashin da aka saba na mujallar Instructor shi ne senti ashirin da biyar don lambobi goma sha biyu.

GSAM 287An gayyaci Ofishin Review zuwa Michigan

GSAM 287.3A cikin watan Afrilu, 1855, Fasto White da matarsa sun sake ziyartar Michigan, kuma sun gudanar da tarurruka a wurare da dama. A ranar 28 da 29 na wannan watan an gudanar da taro a Battle Creek, inda ’yan’uwa a Battle Creek suka kada ƙuri’a don gayyatar Fasto White ya mayar da ofishin Review daga Rochester zuwa Battle Creek. Dan Palmer, Cyrenius Smith, J. P. Kellogg, da Henry Lyon sun amince su bayar da dala 300 kowanne, ba tare da riba ba, wanda ya kai jimillar dala 1200, don sayen fili da gina ofishin buga littattafai. A sakamakon haka, sun samu fili a kusurwar kudu maso gabashin titunan West Main da Washington, suka gina a wurin ginin katako mai hawa biyu mai girman ƙafa 20 x 30, tare da ginshiƙai masu tsayin ƙafa ashirin.

GSAM 288Gidan Taro na Farko a Battle Creek

GSAM 288.1A cikin wannan kakar ne aka gina gidan taro na farko na Adventist na Rana ta Bakwai a Battle Creek, mai girman ƙafa 18 x 24. Wannan gini mai sauƙi, an rufe shi da katako daga sama har ƙasa, kuma an lulluɓe shi da alluna, yana tsaye kusa da kusurwar arewa maso yamma ta titunan Van Buren da Cass.

GSAM 288A Ofishinmu na Farko na Buga Littafi

GSAM 288.2Lamba ta farko ta mujallar Review da aka buga a Battle Creek a cikin ofis mallakin Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai an yi mata kwanan wata 4 ga Disamba, 1855. A lokacin an kafa farashin mujallar a dala 1.00 ga kowace kundin da ke ɗauke da lambobi ashirin da shida; amma an roƙi gudummawa don a tura mujallar kyauta ga matalauta masu cancanta. Tun daga wannan lokaci, Fastoci Waggoner da Cottrell sun kasance kusan koyaushe masu ba da gudummawa ga shafukan Advent Review.

GSAM 288.3A cikin mujallar Review ta 18 ga Disamba, 1855, kwamitin wallafa ya fitar da wata sanarwa wadda ga ma’aikatan ofishin a yanzu za ta iya zama abin mamaki. Sanarwar ta ce: "Ba mu ga dalilin da zai hana waɗanda ke aiki a ofishin samun albashi mai ma’ana ba don hidimominsu. Edita yana samun rabin abin da zai iya samu a wani wuri." Zai dace a ambata cewa albashin gama gari a wancan lokacin bai kai rabin abin da yake a yanzu ba, kuma rabin albashi a wancan lokacin bai wuce kashi ɗaya bisa uku ko ɗaya bisa huɗu na abin da ofishin ke biya don irin wannan aiki a yanzu ba. Ma’aikatan ofishin a wancan lokacin sun miƙa rabin kimar hidimominsu a matsayin kyauta domin a wallafa bisharar gaskiya ta yanzu.

GSAM 288Kiran Samar da Na’urar Buga Mai Aiki da Injin da Injin Tuƙa ta

GSAM 288.4A cikin Review na 19 ga Maris, 1857, an fara ba da shawarar cewa ana bukatar injin buga takardu mai aiki da injin da injin wuta, kuma ya kamata a samu su don buga takardu, littattafai ƙanana da littattafai. Kamar yadda aka ruwaito a ranar 2 ga Afrilu, an yanke shawarar sayen injin buga takardu mai aiki da injin na Adams, kuma maza bakwai sun yi alkawarin bayar da dala 100 kowanne don sayen sa. A cikin fitowar ta gaba an bayyana cewa injin buga da injin zai kashe kusan $2,500, kuma an riga an tara alkawuran $1,700.

GSAM 289.1A cikin wani sharhin edita na Fasto White a mujallar Review ta 13 ga Agusta, 1857, akwai wannan maganar ƙarfafawa: "Ofishinmu ba shi da bashi. Akwai babban asusun littattafai na $1,426, wanda yanzu aka zuba jari a cikin littattafai. Sabuwar injin buga takarda tana aiki kuma tana aiki da kyau, kuma akwai kyakkyawar fata cewa ba da jimawa ba za ta fara aiki da ƙarfin tururi, kuma za a biya duka. Ayyukanmu na tanti sun fi samun tallafi sosai fiye da da."

GSAM 289Rahoto na Farko kan Sayar da Littattafai

GSAM 289.2A ranar 29 ga Oktoba, 1857, an ruwaito a cikin Review cewa tallace-tallacen littattafai na shekaru biyu da suka gabata sun kai $1,287.91, wanda shi ne rahoto na farko irin wannan da aka yi har zuwa wannan ranar. Wannan ya kasance alamar ci gaba a cikin aikin, don haka ya zama tushen ƙarfafawa, domin ya nuna cewa gaskiya na ƙara samun ƙarfi, kuma "kamar kwararar haske da ke yawo a duniya."

GSAM 289Ofishin Review a matsayin Wurin Ajiya Mai Tsaro

GSAM 289.3A cikin mujallar Review ta 13 ga Agusta, 1858, an fara gabatar da ra’ayi ga mutanenmu na mayar da ofishin wurin ajiyar kuɗaɗen da suka wuce bukata. Mutanen da ke da kuɗi da ba sa bukata nan take za su iya ajiye su a ofishin, su cire su a kowane lokaci bisa umarni idan sun bukata, ta haka za su ba ofishin damar amfana da amfani da kuɗin. Bayan an aiwatar da wannan shawarar, hakan ya ƙara wa aikin ƙarfin kuɗi sosai.

GSAM 289.4Tun daga lokacin har zuwa yanzu (1905), babu wanda ya taɓa asarar dalar da aka aro wa gidajen buga littattafanmu, ko ya kasa samun kuɗinsa lokacin da aka nemi a biya shi. Masu gaskiya da masu tunani sun fara ɗaukar ofisoshinmu na wallafa a matsayin wuri mafi aminci na ajiye kuɗaɗensu na ajiya fiye da bankuna, waɗanda sau da yawa ke rushewa. Bankuna suna da martaba ta duniya, yayin da gidajen buga littattafanmu ke da ƙarfin dukan ƙungiyar addini a matsayin "jingina."

GSAM 290An kafa Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association

GSAM 290.1An kafa Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association a ranar 3 ga Mayu, 1861, kuma an tura wasiƙun zagaye-zagaye don neman biyan kuɗin hannun jari a dala 10 kowace rabo. A cikin makonni biyu, an sanar cewa an riga an yi rajistar hannun jari na dala 4,080.

GSAM 290.2Farawa daga 11 ga Yuni na wannan shekara, an buga mujallar Review ta Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association. Ginin ofis na farko da ƙungiyar ta gina yana kan kusurwar kudu-maso-gabas ta titunan Main da Washington, a wurin da aka cire tsohon ginin katako zuwa titin Kalamazoo. Wannan gini yana da hawa biyu, tare da bangon bulo mai ƙarfi. An gina shi a siffar giciye na Girik, kuma fuskarsa tana kallon arewa a titin Main. Tsawon gabas zuwa yamma ya kasance ƙafa 44, yayin da tsawon arewa zuwa kudu ya kasance ƙafa 72.

GSAM 290Fassara na Farko a Wasu Harsuna

GSAM 290.3Mataki bayan mataki saƙon ya ci gaba, kuma kowace motsi mai ƙarfi ta taimaka wajen ƙarfafa da haɗa aikin. A wannan lokacin gidan wallafe-wallafenmu ya fitar da takardun bayani guda biyar a harsunan ƙasashen waje, uku a Danish-Norwegian da biyu a Faransanci; haka aka fara buga littattafai don ƙasashen waje.

GSAM 290.4Da ci gaba da ƙaruwa a yawan mambobi, akwai haɓakar kuɗi mai ɗorewa. Wannan ya bayyana a rahoton da aka buga a mujallar Review ta 16 ga Mayu, 1863, inda sakataren ƙungiyar ya bayar da bayanin jimillar kuɗaɗen shiga kamar haka:—

GSAM 291.1Sakataren ya ƙara bayyana:

GSAM 291.1"Ta hanyar kimantawa mai tabbas na dukiyar ƙungiyar, an yanke shawarar cewa darajarta ba za ta ƙasa da $20,000 ba, wanda ya kusan $5,000 fiye da abin da abokan wannan manufa suka kashe. Wannan yana nuna nagarta da amincin ɗan’uwa White da waɗanda suka yi aiki tare da shi a ofishin Review. "E. S. Walker, Sakatare."

GSAM 291Miƙa mujallar Review ga Ƙungiya

GSAM 291.2Aikin wallafa, bayan an samu waɗannan sakamako ta hanyar wahalar aiki da sadaukarwar Fasto White, ribar da ta taso a zahiri tasa ce; domin ribar hakika ta samo asali ne daga ƙin biyan bukatun kansa, basirarsa ta kasuwanci, da kulawar gudanarwarsa. Amma maimakon ya nemi mallakar sa, ko wani ɓangare na sa, ya miƙa komai cikin farin ciki ga coci; kuma fiye da haka, lokacin da ƙungiyar, bayan kafa ta, ta yanke shawarar cewa ya samu dala 6 a kowane mako saboda hidimarsa, sai ya karɓi dala 4 ne kawai a kowane mako.

GSAM 291Jarida a Gaɓar Tekun Pacific

GSAM 291.3A cikin mujallar Review ta 21 ga Afrilu, 1874, an buga wani labari daga hannun Fasto White, inda, yana magana game da aikin da ake yi a bakin tekun Pacific, ya bayyana cewa nan ba da jimawa ba za a bukaci kafa wata jarida ta mako-mako wadda za ta keɓe kanta don amfanin wannan aikin a wannan bakin teku. Ba da jimawa ba bayan wannan, an sami damar sayen ƙaramin adadin haruffan bugu da kayan aiki a Oakland, da su ne a watan Yuni aka fara wallafa mujalla sau biyu a wata mai suna Signs of the Times.

GSAM 291Tattara Kuɗaɗen Kuɗi

GSAM 291.4Bayan buga lambobi shida na Signs, Fasto White ya koma Gabas, yana roƙon Taron California da ya tanadi abin da ya kamata don ci gaba da wallafa jaridar. A Babban Taro, 15 ga Agusta, 1874, an gabatar da wata shawara ga ’yan’uwa na Gabas su tara dala 6,000 don siyan injin buga, injin tuƙa na’urar buga, da haruffan buga don ofishin Signs, idan ’yan’uwa a bakin tekun Pacific za su tara dala 4,000 don samun fili da gina gini mai dacewa don ofis.

GSAM 292.1Fasto Geo. I. Butler, a wancan lokacin memba ne na Kwamitin Babban Taro, ya halarci taron sansani a Yountville, California, kuma ya gabatar da wannan shawara ga ’yan’uwa. A ranar 11 ga Oktoba, 1874, sun amsa kiran ta hanyar ba da alkawarin adadin $19,414 a tsabar kuɗi.

GSAM 292An Kafa Pacific Press

GSAM 292.2A ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 1875, Fasto James White da matarsa, tare da Fasto J. H. Waggoner da sauran ma’aikata masu kwarewa, sun isa Oakland. A ranar 12 ga watan nan an kira zaman musamman na Taron California, domin la’akari da wurin da za a gina gine-gine don ofishin Signs of the Times. Bayan yin nazari yadda ya kamata, an yanke shawarar samun filaye a gefen yamma na titin Castro, tsakanin titunan 11 da 12. A rana ɗaya, Fasto James White da John Morrison sun sayi waɗannan filayen, sun karɓi takardun mallaka a sunayensu, tare da fahimtar cewa idan an kafa Ƙungiyar, za su miƙa mata duk yawan ƙasar da za a ga ya zama dole don amfanin kamfanin.

GSAM 292.3A ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 1875, an kafa Pacific Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association a Oakland, inda aka tsara babban jarin ta a kan dala 28,000. An miƙa ɓangaren tsakiyar filayen da ke kan Titin Castro ga ƙungiyar, bisa ga yarjejeniya, kuma nan take O. B. Jones na Battle Creek, Mich., ya gina wani gini, wanda siffarsa da girman sa suka yi daidai da na ofishin da aka gina a Battle Creek, sai dai an gina na Oakland da itace maimakon bulo. Da ginin ya shirya don a fara amfani da shi, an mayar da Signs of the Times zuwa sabon ofishinsa a ranar Juma’a, 27 ga Agusta, 1875.

GSAM 293Matsawa zuwa Mountain View

GSAM 293.1A cikin wannan ginin an ci gaba da wallafa mujallu da littattafai cikin nasara har zuwa shekarar 1904, lokacin da aka shirya mayar da masana’antar buga littattafai zuwa karkara. Dalilin yin wannan canji an bayyana shi ne ta bakin manajan Pacific Press a cikin waɗannan kalmomi:

GSAM 293.1"Tsawon shekaru shugabannin Pacific Press Publishing Company sun ji cewa filin da gidan wallafa littattafansu ke ciki yanzu yana da matuƙar daraja, kuma ƙaramin fili ne a tsakiyar babban birni a yankin zama, don ayyukan masana’anta, kuma hikima ce a hanyoyi da dama a nemi wani wuri na karkara inda ƙasa ba ta da daraja sosai, inda ma’aikata za su iya samun gidaje a cikin yanayi mai lafiya, tare da isasshen fili don lambuna, itatuwan ’ya’yan itace, da wurin shaƙatawa; da kuma inda damar jigilar kaya za su kasance masu kyau. An gano irin wannan wuri kuma an tabbatar da shi a ƙauyen Mountain View, gundumar Santa Clara, mil talatin da tara kudu da San Francisco, wuri da ya haɗa yawancin fa’idodin birni da kuma amfanin rayuwar ƙauye mai lafiya."

GSAM 293Fara Buga Littafi a Ƙasashen Waje

GSAM 293.2Yana nuna yaɗuwar gaskiya, mun lura cewa daga 1875 zuwa 1878 an fara aikin buga littattafai a Basel, Switzerland, da kuma a Christiana, Norway.

GSAM 293.3A cikin kaka ta 1875 an gabatar da rahoto a cikin mujallar Review game da tallace-tallacen littattafai a ofishin Review and Herald kaɗai, na tsawon shekaru bakwai, daga 1868 zuwa 1875, wanda ya kai $85,644.54, kusan ninki shida fiye da shekaru bakwai da suka gabata, kuma tallace-tallacen dukkan ofisoshi huɗu (Michigan, California, Switzerland, da Norway), na tsawon shekaru uku, daga 1875 zuwa 1878, ya kai $98,163.73.

GSAM 293.4An bayar da bayanin a cikin mujallar Review ta 17 ga Oktoba, 1878, cewa dukkan littattafai, takardun bayanai, da rubuce-rubucen wa’azi da ofishin Review ya buga kafin 1864 sun kai shafuka 50,058,000. Daga 1864 zuwa 1878 adadin shafuka ya kai 158,130,951, ko jimillar shafuka 208,188,951.

GSAM 294An sauya Youth’s Instructor zuwa mujallar mako-mako

GSAM 294.1Har zuwa 1 ga Janairu, 1879, an buga Youth’s Instructor kowane wata, amma a wannan rana, yayin da ya shiga shekara ta ashirin da bakwai, an fara fitar da shi kowane mako; kuma haka amfaninsa ya ƙaru sau huɗu.

GSAM 294Abin da Fasto White ya miƙa wa Ƙungiyar

GSAM 294.2A cikin mujallar Review ta 23 ga Janairu, 1879, akwai wasu bayanai da Fasto White ya yi game da dangantakarsa da wannan aiki, waɗanda ya dace a gabatar anan, domin suna ƙara haske kan sadaukarwar da aka yi a aikin wallafa. Ga maganar da aka nakalto:—

GSAM 294.3"A shekarar 1861, lokacin da aka kafa Publishing Association a Battle Creek, Michigan, mun miƙa jerin masu biyan kuɗinmu da hakkin sake buga dukkan ayyukanmu (wanda daga baya aka kiyasta darajarsu da dala 10,000) ga ƙungiyar, muka bar kanmu da dala 1,000 kawai; kuma muka ci gaba da aikinmu a matsayin edita, manaja, da mai wa’azi a kan dala 6 a kowane mako.

GSAM 294.4"A shekarar 1866, lokacin da muka koma ofishin Review, bayan mummunan rashin lafiya, mun tarar da shugabanni suna biyan kashi goma cikin ɗari a kan dubban daloli, kuma jarin ya ragu zuwa $32,000;³ amma cikin shekaru huɗu, da albarkar Allah, an biya bashin, an ƙara jarin zuwa $75,000, kuma mu [ƙungiyar] muna da $5,000 a bankuna."

GSAM 294Matsayin Gidan Buga Littafi a shekarar 1880

GSAM 294.5A cikin mujallar Review ta 15 ga Janairu, 1880, Fasto Butler ya ce:—

GSAM 294.6"Gidan buga littattafanmu (Battle Creek) kwanan nan an faɗaɗa shi ta hanyar gina wani ɓangare na tsakiya tsakanin gine-ginen gabas guda biyu, wanda hakan ya ƙara yawa da sauƙin amfani ga duka gaba ɗaya. Akwai kayan aiki don yin farantan bugu ta hanyar lantarki da kuma yin su da zubin ƙarfe, da yin mafi kyawun ɗinkin littattafai. A gaskiya, waɗanda suka dace su sani sun bayyana cewa shi ne mafi cikakke da cikakken gidan buga littattafai a Jihar Michigan."

GSAM 295.1Duk da wannan faɗaɗa, kafin ƙarshen lokacin rani, ya zama dole a gina sabon gini a kudu da babban ginin don ɗakin injin buga. An mayar da na’urorin buga guda biyar masu aiki da injin na ƙungiyar zuwa wannan ɗaki. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan injuna ya fi girma fiye da duk wanda aka taɓa amfani da shi a ofishin. Haka kuma an kawo ɗaya mai girma da salo iri ɗaya kwanan nan a ofishin Signs of the Times, Oakland, California.

GSAM 295.2A cikin mujallar Review ta 17 ga Mayu, 1881, yana mai nuni ga nasarar aikin wallafa a babban gidan wallafa na tsakiya a Battle Creek, Fasto White ya ce:—

GSAM 295.3"Idan aka cire adadin bashin Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association daga cikakken lissafin dukiyoyi, to a cikin dukiyar ƙasa da ta hannu ba za a ƙasa da $105,000 ba. Daga cikin wannan, dukkan mutanenmu sun bayar da hannun jari, gudummawa, da gadon dukiya, jimlar $34,432.17, kuma wasu ’yan maza da mata masu biyayya da suka sadaukar da rayuwarsu ga aikin, sun ƙara [ba daga gudummawa ba, amma ta sadaukarwa da kulawa mai kyau] $70,567.83."

GSAM 295An kaddamar da Aikin Sayar da Littattafai

GSAM 295.4Farawa daga shekarar 1881 mutanenmu sun ɗauki sabon yunƙuri, suka shiga aikin sayar da wallafe-wallafenmu. Tunda ba a yi rahoto na sahihi ba daga masu sayar da littattafai kan sayarwarsu har zuwa shekarar 1884, rahotonmu na wannan lokacin an samo shi ne daga rahotannin sayarwar gidajen buga littattafai huɗu. A cewar ƙididdigarsu, sayarwar shekaru biyar ta kai $221,248.69. Yayin da tasirin aikin ya bazu daga wuraren mishan ɗinmu a Turai ta Tsakiya da ƙasashen Scandinavia, bukatar wallafe-wallafe a harsuna na waje ta ƙaru.

GSAM 296Sayar da Littattafai na Shekaru Goma

GSAM 296.1Daga 1884 zuwa 1894, wani lokaci na shekaru goma, sayar da manyan littattafanmu masu ɗinki an yi shi ne sosai ta hannun masu sayar da littattafai. Jimillar sayarwar su a wannan lokacin ta kai $4,031,391.26. A wannan lokacin, an ƙara faɗaɗa aikimmu ta hanyar kafa gidajen buga littattafai a Ostiraliya; Tahiti, Tsibiran Pacific; Helsingfors, Finland; Hamburg, Jamus; da sauran wurare. Sayarwar masu sayar da littattafai na shekarar 1895, duk da cewa lokacin ya yi wuya a shekarar, kamar yadda aka ruwaito, ta kai jimillar $357,467.23, wanda ya sa jimillar gaba ɗaya, idan aka haɗa da sayarwar da muka ambata a baya, ta kai $4,816,773.73.

GSAM 296Sayarwa na Shekaru Hamsin $11,000,000

GSAM 296.2Don tantance jimillar adadin tallace-tallace daga 1854 zuwa 1 ga Janairu, 1896, har yanzu dole ne mu ƙara bayanan tallace-tallacen littattafan kasuwanci, takardun bayani, bugagun bayani, da jadawali, kamar yadda dukkan gidajen buga littattafai suka ruwaito na shekaru goma da suka gabata, wanda adadinsu ya kai $3,458,278.23; wanda ya ba da jimillar babban adadin tallace-tallacen littattafai na mazhaba na shekaru ashirin da biyu na $8,275,051.96. Don bayyana shi ta wata hanya: Tallace-tallace na shekaru talatin (1854 zuwa 1884) sun kai $424,915.24, kuma na shekaru goma sha biyu masu zuwa, har zuwa 1 ga Janairu, 1896, sun kai $7,850,136.72. Duk da cewa ƙarfin aikin tallace-tallace ya ragu a cikin shekaru takwas da suka gabata, ana iya kiyasta da tabbaci cewa daga 1854 zuwa yanzu (1905) an sayar da wallafe-wallafen Adventist na Rana ta Bakwai na fiye da darajar dala miliyan 11.

GSAM 296Buga littattafai a kusan harsuna arba’in

GSAM 296.3Ci gaban saƙon a cikin nau’in bugawa ya bayyana idan muka yi la’akari da cewa an fara a kusan harsuna arba’in na manyan harsuna, kamar Larabci, Armeniyanci, Basuto, Bohimiyanci, Bulugariyanci, Bengali-Indiya, Sinanci, Danisanci, Turanci, Estoniyanci, Finlanci, Faransanci, Fijiyanci, Girik, Jamusanci, Holanci, Hungaryanci, Hawaiyanci, Italiyanci, Aislanci, Japananci, Xhosa, Latbiyanci, Livoniyanci, Maori, Polanci, Fotuganci, Romaniyanci, Rashanci, Sabiyanci, Sifaniyanci, Suwidanci, Tahitiyanci, Tonganci, Welshanci, da sauransu. A cikin waɗannan ƙasashe da kabilu akwai ma’aikata masu himma waɗanda ke inganta gaskiyar saƙon na uku.

GSAM 297.1Adadin littattafai, ƙananan littattafai, da takardun wa’azi da aka buga cikin harsuna daban-daban ya zarce 1,187. Don samun kwafi na kowanne, da mujallu 87 na ƙungiyar⁴ a harsuna daban-daban na tsawon shekara guda, za a bukaci kusan dala 340.

GSAM 297Wurin Gidajen Buga Littafi Ashirin

GSAM 297.2Gidajen buga littattafai ashirin na Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai suna nan kamar haka: Avondale, Ostiraliya; Battle Creek, Mich. (2); Basel, Switzerland; Christiana, Norway; Copenhagen, Denmark; Cape Town, Afirka ta Kudu; Calcutta, Indiya; College View, Nebraska; Hamburg, Jamus; Helsingfors, Finland; London, Ingila; Melbourne, Ostiraliya; Montreal, Kanada; Nashville, Tennessee; Oakland, California; South Lancaster, Massachusetts; Stockholm, Sweden; Tocubaya, Mexico; Washington, D.C. Baya ga waɗannan gidajen buga littattafai, mutanenmu suna buga takardu da bugun bayanan wa’azi a Hong Kong, China; Tokio, Japan; Cairo, Masar; Kudancin Amurka; da kuma a Tsibiran Fiji.

GSAM 297Fitar da Kundin Bayani na Farko

GSAM 297.3A taƙaice, za mu yi kallon baya kan kayan aikin da masu farawa suka yi aiki da su. A cikin kaka ta 1853, a lokacin da ake shirya littafi na farko da aka buga a injin buga na Washington—"The Sanctuary,"—bayan "taron" ’yan uwa mata sun naɗe kuma suka tattara shafukan da aka yi domin ɗaura su, marubucin ya huda su da mahuɗin fata; kuma bayan an sanya murfi, Uriah Smith ya yanke su da madaidaicin rula da wuƙar alƙalami mai kaifi. An yi hakan ne saboda rashin na’urori masu dacewa don yin wannan ɓangare na aikin.

GSAM 298.1Har zuwa shekarar 1861, dukkan littattafan wannan rukuni ana buga su ne a kan injin buga littattafai guda ɗaya na Adams mai ƙarfin injin dawakai biyu. Yanzu, a ofisoshin wallafa daban-daban, akwai injunan buga littattafai sama da arba’in masu amfani da ƙarfin tururi suna aiki a kowane lokaci, suna buga gaskiyar yanzu. Waɗannan ofisoshin suna ɗaukar ma’aikata sama da ɗari biyar gaba ɗaya don gudanar da aikin, yayin da ɗaruruwan masu sayar da littattafai ke cikin filin suna sayar da littattafan ga mutane.

GSAM 298.2A shekarar 1862 cikakken tarin dukkan wallafe-wallafen da Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai suka fitar za a iya siya da dala 7.50; a 1904, kamar yadda aka nuna, zai bukaci dala 340 don samun cikakken tarin. Hakika wani abu fiye da ƙirƙirar ɗan adam ne ya yi aiki wajen samar da waɗannan sakamakon.

GSAM 298.3Tashiwar aikin wallafa littattafai tsakanin Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai, kamar yadda aka annabta a shekarar 1848, hakika ya kasance kamar ci gaban rana, "Yana ƙara ɗumi—yana aika haskensa"—"Yana ci gaba da tafiyarsa kamar rana, amma ba ya faduwa."

GSAM 298Yi Aiki da Imani—Shaidar Fasto Stone

GSAM 298.4Sha’awa da ƙwazo na waɗanda suka dage a aikin saƙon mala’ika na uku an bayyana su sosai a cikin mujallar Review ta 5 ga Fabrairu, 1884, ta hannun Fasto Albert Stone, ɗaya daga cikin masu fafutuka a wannan aiki, wanda ya rayu har ya kai shekaru casa’in:—

GSAM 298.5"Tarihin farko na wannan aikin ya kasance lokacin ƙananan abubuwa, kuma hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su sun yi kama da ba su wadatar ba don aikin. Amma maza da mata masu bangaskiya sun sani tun farko cewa an janyo ƙarfin hannun Ubangiji cikin wannan aiki. Sun sani cewa lokacin da aka keɓe don nuna wa Sihiyona alheri ya zo, kuma cewa Ubangiji ya ɗora hannunsa don tattarawa mutanensa. Sun ga cewa Ubangiji yana kan ragamar mulki, kuma cewa Jirgin Bishara, mai ɗauke da majami’ar ragowa da kayanta na gaskiya da aka dawo da ita, bangaskiya mai gwaji, da ƙauna cikakke, zai iso tashar lafiya."