Babi na 26 — Ayyukan Bishara na Waje

GSAM 403.1"KAMAR yadda yake a rubuce, 'Waɗanda ba a faɗa musu labarinsa ba za su gani, waɗanda kuma ba su ji ba za su fahimta.'"¹

GSAM 403.2An buɗe aikinmu na farko a waje da Amurka a shekarar 1874, lokacin da aka tura Fasto J. N. Andrews zuwa Switzerland, inda ya fara aiki.

GSAM 403FILIN AIKI NA TSAKIYAR TURAI

GSAM 403.3A wancan lokacin ƙasashe takwas ne aka haɗa a cikin wannan aikin; wato, Switzerland, Faransa, Italiya, Turkiyya, Belgium, Spain, Portugal, da Girka, wani yanki da ke ɗauke da mutane miliyan 140.

GSAM 403.4Zai iya zama abin sha’awa a wannan lokaci a ambaci yanayin da ya sa mutanenmu suka fara wannan aikin bishara mai faɗi sosai a yankin, a lokacin da ƙungiyar addininmu ke da ƙarancin yawan mambobi.

GSAM 403Fasto Czechowski

GSAM 403.5A shekarar 1865, Fasto M. B. Czechowski, wani firist ɗan Katolika na Poland da ya koma addininmu, wanda ya amince da gaskiyar yanzu, ya yi fatan mutanenmu su tura shi a matsayin mai wa’azi zuwa Turai ta Tsakiya. Domin hakan ba zai yiwu a lokacin ba, sai ya gabatar da bukatarsa ga Adventistoci na Ranar Farko na Boston, Massachusetts, waɗanda wataƙila suka ɗauke shi a matsayin wanda ba shi da alaƙa kwata-kwata da mutanenmu. Ko da yake haka ne, sun samu abin da ake bukata, suka kuma tura shi zuwa aikin da ya nema.

GSAM 404Masu kiyaye Asabar a Switzerland

GSAM 404.1A shekarar 1866, ya koyar da gaskiyar Asabar da saƙon mala’ika na uku a Tramelan, Switzerland, wanda wannan ƙoƙari ya haifar da samuwar wata ƙungiya ta masu kiyaye Asabar. Ba da jimawa ba, ya bar su don ya koyar da saƙon a Hungary. Bai faɗa wa ƙungiyar da ke Tramelan komai game da aikinmu a Amurka ba, amma Albert Vuilleumier, ɗaya daga cikinsu, ya iya karanta Turanci. Ta bazata, ya ga kwafin mujallar Advent Review. Ta wannan hanyar ne aka fara musayar wasiƙu tsakanin ƙasashen biyu.

GSAM 404An tura Fasto Erzenberger Amurka

GSAM 404.2A shekarar 1869, an tura James Erzenberger, daga Tramelan, zuwa Amurka domin koyon harshen Ingilishi da kuma yin cikakken sanin koyarwa da al’adun Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai. Ya isa Battle Creek a ranar 18 ga Yuni, kuma ya zauna a Amurka na shekara guda da rabi. Ya bar New York a ranar 9 ga Satumba, 1870, a tafiyarsa ta dawowa. A watan Yuni na shekarar nan, Ademar Vuilleumier ya ziyarci wannan ƙasa, inda ya yi zama kusan shekaru huɗu. A lokacin dawowarsa ƙasar asali, ya zo tare da Fasto Andrews. Sun isa Neuchatel a ranar 16 ga Oktoba, 1874.

GSAM 404.3A shekarar 1875, Fasto D. T. Bourdeau da iyalinsa suka bar Amurka zuwa Faransa, inda kwamitin ya naɗa su su yi aiki.

GSAM 404An Fara Wata Jarida ta Faransa

GSAM 404.4A shekarar da ta biyo baya, a watan Yuli 1876, an fara wallafa wani takarda a harshen Faransanci a Basel, Switzerland, mai taken Les Signes des Temps (The Signs of the Times). A ranar 13 ga Mayu 1882, shekaru shida daga baya, Fasto Haskell ya tashi daga birnin New York zuwa Turai. Yayin wannan zagayen bishara, ya kwashe wani lokaci a Switzerland.

GSAM 405Fasto Whitney Ya Tafi Basel—Mutuwar Fasto Andrews

GSAM 405.1A ranar 26 ga Yuli, 1883, Fasto B. L. Whitney da iyalinsa suka iso Basel, an naɗa shi ta Kwamitin Babban Taro don ya jagoranci wannan aikin mishan, a matsayin sauƙi ga Fasto Andrews, wanda lafiyarsa ke ta ƙara tabarbarewa. Bayan ’yan watanni, a watan Oktoba na wannan shekara, ya rasu.

GSAM 405.2Fasto Andrews bai samu damar zuwa manyan makarantu da kwalejoji a farkon rayuwarsa ba, duk da haka ya yi karatu sosai, shi ne abin da duniya ke kira mutum mai karatun kansa ko wanda ya gina kansa. Ta hanyar dagewarsa wajen karatu, ya kware a Latin, Girik, da Ibrananci, sannan a shekarun baya ya koya harshen Faransanci. Ya koyi harshen Faransanci don taimakonsa wajen buɗe da ci gaba da aikin a Mishan ta Tsakiyar Turai, inda ya yi aiki a cikin shekaru shida na ƙarshe na rayuwarsa, yana rubutawa da wallafa mujallar Signs of the Times ta Faransanci, da kuma yin wa’azi da wannan harshen. A yayin da yake wannan aiki ne ya rasu.

GSAM 405Dr. Kellogg a Turai

GSAM 405.3A bazarar shekarar 1883, Dr. J. H. Kellogg ya ziyarci Turai domin binciken likitanci. Ya kwashe ’yan kwanaki a kowace daga cikin tashoshinmu, kuma ziyarorinsa sun kasance babban abin ƙarfafawa ga ma’aikata, musamman shawararsa game da aikin da ake yi a Basel wadda Fasto Andrews ya yi matuƙar daraja.

GSAM 405Fasto Butler Ya Ziyarci Turai

GSAM 405.4A Babban Taro da aka gudanar a watan Oktoba, 1883, an ba da shawarar a fara, da zarar zai yiwu, wallafa wani jarida a Ingila. Sakamakon wani ƙarin ƙuri’a da aka kada a wannan taro, Fastoci Geo. I. Butler, M. C. Wilcox, da A. C. Bourdeau sun tafi don taimakawa a aikin da ake yi a Turai da Ingila. Fasto Butler ya sauka a Glasgow, Scotland, a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu, 1884. Ɗaya daga cikin manufar ziyarar Fasto Butler zuwa ayyukan mishan na ƙasashen waje shi ne ya gano da kansa matsalolin da ake fuskanta wajen gudanar da aikin a ƙasashen waje, da yadda za a shawo kansu. Shi ma ya kwashe wani lokaci a Basel, da kuma a yankin Tsakiyar Turai. A. C. Bourdeau ya yi aiki tsakanin mutanen Faransa a kwarurukan Alps, tsakanin Waldenses; yayin da M. C. Wilcox ya shiga aikin buga littattafai da edita a Ingila, inda ya zauna har ƙarshen shekarar 1886.

GSAM 406An kafa Gidan Buga Littafi a Basel

GSAM 406.1A shekarar 1884, an kafa gidan buga littattafai mai suna Imprimerie Polyglotte (ma’anar sunansa, bugawa cikin harsuna da dama), a Basel. A watan Maris, 1885, H. W. Kellogg ya samu izini daga Kwamitin Babban Taro don ziyartar Basel, da sayen injinan da suka dace don gidan buga littattafai. Ya aiwatar da hakan, don haka aka kafa wani gidan buga littattafai mai cikakken kayan aiki, mallakar Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai, a tsohuwar birnin Basel.

GSAM 406.2A lokacin ziyarar Fasto Butler a Turai, an buga wani jarida na Jamus mai suna Herold der Wahrheit a ofishin Basel. A shekarar nan kuma an wallafa wani mujallar Romania, Adevărulu Prezentu (Present Truth), a wannan ofishi. Kuma wani kuma a cikin harshen Italiyanci, mai suna L’Ultimo Messaggio (The Last Messages). Dukkan mujallun da aka ambata a ƙarshe mujallu ne na shafuka sha shida da ake wallafa kowane kwata. A Taron Swiss, a watan Oktoba, 1884, an bayyana cewa a cikin shekarar an buga kuma an rarraba kwafi 146,000 na waɗannan mujallu huɗu. Har zuwa shekarar 1895, lokacin da aka mayar da ofishin buga littattafai (sakamakon tsangwama a Basel) daga wannan birni zuwa Hamburg, Jamus, an wallafa littattafai da takardu a cikin harsuna goma sha ɗaya daban-daban; wato, Faransanci, Jamusanci, Italiyanci, Romaniyanci, Sifaniyanci, Bohimiyanci, Rashanci, Holanci, Hungaryanci, Armeniyanci, Turkiyanci, da Turkiyanci-Girik. Don haka, kamar yadda sunansa ya nuna, cibiyar ce "mai buga littattafai a harsuna da dama."

GSAM 407Misis White ta ziyarci Turai

GSAM 407.13 ga Satumba, 1885, Misis White, ɗanta W. C. White, da iyalinsu suka isa Basel. Sun yi shekara ɗaya da rabi a ƙasashen Turai, suna ziyartar ayyukan mishan da ke yankin Turai ta Tsakiya, inda aka yi hidima mai matuƙar amfani ga waɗannan mishan daban-daban.

GSAM 407An Kafa Taron Swiss

GSAM 407.2A ranar 10 ga Satumba, 1885, an kafa Taron Swiss. A cikin rahoto da aka bayar a wancan lokacin an bayyana cewa taron ya ƙunshi mai wa’azi ɗaya da aka naɗa, masu lasisi bakwai, coci-coci goma, da mambobi 224. Waɗannan sun biya zakka ta $1,645.11 a shekarar da ta gabata. Baya ga wannan, an bayar da gudummawa ga aikin na $2,041.22.

GSAM 407Fasto Waggoner a Turai

GSAM 407.3Misis White, tare da W. C. White da iyalinsa, sun koma Amurka a shekarar 1887. A wannan shekarar kuma, an gayyaci Fasto J. H. Waggoner ya haɗa kai da Mishan ta Tsakiyar Turai. Ya shafe sama da shekaru biyu a wannan fanni, inda ya zauna a birnin Basel a wannan lokacin. A wannan birni ne ya rasu, a ranar 20 ga Afrilu, 1889, kamar yadda aka riga aka bayyana.

GSAM 407.4Rashin lafiyar Fasto Whitney, da rasuwarsa (9 ga Afrilu, 1889), ya kasance wani mummunan girgiza ga wannan aikin.

GSAM 407Fasto Robinson a Turai

GSAM 407.5An zaɓi Fasto D. A. Robinson, wanda yake yin aiki a Ingila, a matsayin magajin Fasto Whitney. Ya yi aiki tuƙuru a wannan yanki na tsawon kusan shekaru shida, sai da gayyatar Babban Taro ya tafi Indiya a shekarar 1895. Barinsa ya sa dole a naɗa wani mai kula.

GSAM 408Fasto Holser Shugaban Filin Aiki

GSAM 408.1An zaɓi Fasto H. P. Holser ne don wannan muƙami, kuma a ƙari ga wannan ofis an zaɓe shi a matsayin manajan dukan Mishan ta Tsakiyar Turai. A nan ya yi aiki ba gajiya ba kuma da inganci har zuwa shekarar 1901, lokacin da shi ma aka tilasta masa miƙa wuya ga mummunan cuta. Ya rasu a Canyon City, Colorado, a ranar 11 ga Satumba, 1901.

GSAM 408.2Duk da waɗannan yanayi marasa kyau, aikin ya ci gaba da bunƙasa, kamar yadda rahoton da aka gabatar wa Babban Taro a shekarar 1895 ya nuna, wanda ya bayyana cewa Taron Tsakiyar Turai ya ƙunshi coci-coci sha tara da ke da mambobi 484, waɗanda suka biya zakka ta dala 4,378.18 a shekarar da ta gabata. A wancan lokacin suna da masu wa’azi huɗu da aka naɗa da masu lasisi biyar.

GSAM 408MISHAN TA JAMUS DA RASHA

GSAM 408.3A shekarar 1870, J. H. Linderman, fasto na wani coci kusa da Elberfeld, Prussia, da mambobi arba’in na coci, sun fara kiyaye Asabar ta yini na bakwai daga nazarin Littafi Mai Tsarki, ba tare da sanin wata ƙungiyar Kiristoci a duniya da ke kiyaye wannan rana a matsayin Asabar ba. An isar da labarin wannan ƙungiya ga mutanenmu ta wata hanya ta musamman. Wani mai neman sadaka ya zo gidan mishan a Basel a ranar Asabar. Iyalan gidan suna nazarin darasin makarantar Asabar tare da littattafan Littafi Mai Tsarki a buɗe a gabansu. Wannan yanayi ya burge mutumin, ya sa ya fara yin tambayoyi.

GSAM 408Ƙungiyar Elberfeld

GSAM 408.4Da ya gano cewa ba Yahudawa ba ne, amma Kiristoci ne, masu bin Asabar ta bakwai, sai ya yi magana game da wannan ƙungiya a Elberfeld. Fasto Andrews ya ga ya dace a binciki wannan bayanin; don haka, tare da Fasto Erzenberger, ya tafi Prussia a farkon shekarar 1875, inda suka sami ƙungiyar kamar yadda aka bayyana. Fasto Erzenberger ya ci gaba da aiki a wannan ɓangaren Jamus na wani lokaci, kuma a ranar 8 ga Janairu, 1876, an yi wa mutane takwas baftisma a Elberfeld, wanda shi ne baftisma na farko da Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai suka yi a Jamus.

GSAM 409.1Gaskiya ta sami kafar tsayawa a Rasha tun daga shekarar 1882, ta hanyar kayan karatu da ’yan’uwa ’yan Jamus a Amurka suka aika wa abokansu a cikin ƙauyukan Jamus da ke Rasha.

GSAM 409Fasto Conradi a Turai

GSAM 409.2A shekarar 1885, Fasto L. R. Conradi ya bar Amurka zuwa filin Turai ta Tsakiya, domin yin aiki tsakanin ’yan Jamus. A ranar 28 ga Yuni, 1886, ya bar Basel zuwa Crimea, Rasha. A nan, tare da Fasto Perk, ya yi tafiya zuwa Berdebulat, inda aka yi wa ’yan uwa mata biyu baftisma kuma aka kafa coci mai mambobi sha tara, wannan ne coci na farko na Adventist na Rana ta Bakwai a Rasha.

GSAM 409An daure Fastoci Conradi da Perk a gidan yari

GSAM 409.3Nan da nan bayan haka an kama Fastoci Conradi da Perk saboda koyar da abin da ya saba wa imanin da aka yarda da shi, aka kuma daure su na tsawon makonni biyar a Perekop. Bayan an saki shi (sakamakon tsoma bakin jakadan Amurka), Fasto Conradi ya ziyarci Gabashin Rasha, sannan ya koma Switzerland.

GSAM 409Aiki a Volga, Rasha

GSAM 409.4A cikin wannan shekarar ne Fasto Laubhan ya fara aiki a Rasha, kusa da gidansa, wanda ke kan Kogin Volga. A shekarar 1880, Fasto Klein, daga Kansas, ya fara aiki a Rasha ta Jamusanci, kuma haka ne aka samu ma’aikata don wannan filin aiki mai wahala da kalubale, kuma ko da yake an tilasta wa masu bi su tafi gudun hijira kuma an daure su, Ubangiji ya albarkace aikin ta hanya mai ban mamaki.

GSAM 409Nasarar masu sayar da littattafai a Jamus

GSAM 409.5A shekarar 1888, masu sayar da littattafai suka fara aiki a Rheinish-Prussia, Württemberg, Baden, da Alsace. Sun yi nasara sosai, ma’aikata takwas ko goma masu ƙwazo da aminci, har a cikin shekara guda aka sayar da littattafai masu zuwa: Life of Christ, 3,000; From Eden to Eden, 2,000; da takardun wayar da kai 12,000. Sakamakon wannan aiki, a kusan kowane wuri an sayar da littattafan kuma an karanta su, wasu mutane ɗaya ko fiye sun rungumi gaskiya.

GSAM 410Buɗe Aikin Mishan a Hamburg

GSAM 410.1A watan Mayu, 1889, an buɗe aikin mishan a Hamburg, Jamus, ta hannun Fasto Conradi, kuma cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci aka kafa makarantar horo ga ma’aikata. A watan Oktoba na gaba, an kafa makarantar Asabar mai mambobi ashirin da takwas. A cikin wannan shekara ce Fasto Haskell ya ziyarci mishan, aka kafa coci mai mambobi ashirin, sannan aka kafa ma’ajiyar littattafai.

GSAM 410.2A wannan lokacin, Fasto J. T. Boettcher yana aiki a aikin Jamus a Barmen. A shekarar 1890, an gabatar da rahoto ga Babban Taro, wanda ya nuna cewa a cikin Mishan ta Jamus da Rasha akwai coci tara da aka kafa, da jimillar mambobi 422, ban da masu kiyaye Asabar 75 da ba a kafa su a matsayin coci ba tukuna. A ranar 7 ga Afrilu, a shekarar nan, an yi wa wasu goma sha biyu baftisma, kuma suka haɗu da coci na Hamburg. A watan Disamba, yawan mambobin wannan coci ya ƙaru zuwa arba’in. Jimillar kuɗin da aka samu daga sayar da littattafai daga ma’ajiyar littattafai a Hamburg, Holland, Rasha, da sassan Jamus daban-daban, ya kai dala 5,000.

GSAM 410Nasara a Turai

GSAM 410.3A hankali amma tabbas aikin ya ci gaba a Mishan ta Tsakiyar Turai, kamar yadda rahoto ya nuna a Babban Taro a shekarar 1891. A wancan lokacin akwai coci biyar a Jamus, da membobi ɗari da arba’in, daga cikinsu sittin da huɗu su ne mambobin cocin Hamburg. Zakkar da aka biya ta kai $1,000. Littattafan da aka sayar a kan jiragen ruwa, ta hannun mai wa’azi na jirgi a Hamburg, sun kai dala 500, yayin da sayarwar masu sayar da littattafai na shekara, a dukkan filin, ta kai dala 6,000. Mutane ɗari da hamsin sun amince da gaskiya a Ostiriya, kuma akwai coci goma sha uku, da membobi ɗari huɗu a Rasha.

GSAM 411An kore masu kiyaye Asabar biyar na Rasha

GSAM 411.1A kusan wannan lokaci (1891), an kama biyar daga cikin mambobin wani coci na Rasha, ciki har da shugabansu, saboda koyar da akidu da suka saba wa cocin da aka kafa, kuma aka yanke musu hukuncin gudun hijira na tsawon shekaru biyar a Trans-Caucasus. Za a daure su da sarƙoƙi tare, kuma an bukaci su yi tafiyar mil ɗari biyar. A wannan gwaji, bangaskiyarsu ta tallafa musu, kuma sun yi farin ciki a cikin Ubangiji. A cikin shekarar, an shirya wani takardar bayanai a cikin nau’in karatun Littafi Mai Tsarki a harshen Rashanci, kan wahalhalun Kristi, barci na matattu, wane rana da kuma dalilin sa, da ko za mu iya sani?

GSAM 411.2A lokacin Babban Taro na 1895, yawan mambobi a Jamus ya ƙaru zuwa 368, kuma zakkar shekarar da ta gabata ta kai $2,327.43.

GSAM 411Ƙarin masu kiyaye Asabar a Rasha

GSAM 411.3A Rasha, duk da cewa da yawa sun yi hijira zuwa wasu ƙasashe, yawan mambobi ya ƙaru zuwa 467, waɗanda suka biya zakka ta $841.60.

GSAM 411.4Daga bayanin da sakataren aikin mishan na ƙasashen waje ya gabatar a makon addu’a na shekarar 1896, mun koyi cewa

GSAM 411.4"a filin Jamus-da-Rasha a cikin shekarar da ta gabata ƙarfin yawan su ya kusan ninka; an ƙara yawan su da sama da ɗari huɗu. A Berlin, Jamus, mutane sittin suna halartar ibadu na yau da kullum na Asabar. Gina haikalin mishan a Hamburg ya ƙarfafa aikin a can. A Munich, a Bavaria, wasu suna jiran baftisma. Akwai masu imani a Leipsic, Königsberg, Magdeburg, Posen, Stuttgart, da sauran manyan garuruwa a Jamus. Haka kuma akwai ƙungiya a Rotterdam, Holland.

GSAM 412.1"A Rasha, masu sayar da littattafai sun samu izini daga gwamnati. An fassara littattafai zuwa harsunan Lettish da Esthonian. An mayar da ofishin jaridar Jamus daga Basel zuwa Hamburg, kuma a wannan ofishin suna buga gaskiya cikin harsuna goma sha huɗu."

GSAM 412Baftisma a Hungary

GSAM 412.2A cikin shekarar, an yi baftisma na farko a Hungary, da kuma taron farillai na farko a Bohemia. An kafa aikin jirgi a Galatz, a Roumania, don Danube da Tekun Baƙar Fata.

GSAM 412Sayar da littattafai a Jamus

GSAM 412.3A cikin mujallar Home Missionary, Disamba, 1895, Fasto Spies ya ce game da aikin sayar da littattafai a filin Jamus,

GSAM 412.3"Waɗanda ke kula da aikin sayar da littattafai, lokacin da aka fara shi a wannan fanni, ba su daina ƙarfafa shi ba, duk da cewa wasu manyan masu wallafa littattafai da ’yan kasuwar littattafai a Leipsic sun tabbatar musu cewa 'sayar da littattafai ta hanyar karɓar oda a gaba zai zama gazawa.'

GSAM 412.4"A watan Agusta na 1887 an fitar da bugu na farko na Life of Christ a harshen Jamusanci. Daidai lokacin da aka shirya littafin da aka ambata don yawo, an gudanar da taron masu sayar da littattafai a Basel; wannan ya nuna farkon aikin sayar da littattafai, ba kawai a Jamus ba, har ma a duk Turai. An buga bugu na bakwai na wannan littafi a harshen Jamusanci.

GSAM 412.5"Tun daga 1 ga Janairu, 1895, sabbin masu sayar da littattafai goma sha biyu sun fara aiki. A watan Yuni, 1895, rahoto ya nuna ƙaruwar kashi hamsin cikin ɗari a tallace-tallace. A halin yanzu ana yin ƙoƙari na musamman tare da Herold der Wahrheit, jaridar mu ta Jamusanci. Wasu coci-coci, waɗanda ba su da girma sosai, suna karɓar kwafi daga hamsin zuwa ɗari biyu, waɗanda suke sayarwa. Kuma suna samun kyakkyawar mu’amala da masu saye. A cikin mujallar Review ta 18 ga Fabrairu, 1896, Fasto Conradi ya ce, 'Mun kammala shekarar 1895 da masu kiyaye Asabar dubu ɗaya da ɗari biyar a filin Jamus-Rasha.'"

GSAM 413MISHAN TA SCANDINAVIA

GSAM 413.1An buɗe aikin wa’azi ga mutanen Scandinavia ta hannun Fasto John Matteson a shekarar 1877. A ranar 6 ga Yuni ya isa Vejle, a Jutland, Denmark. Lokacin da ya tafi ƙasar, akwai kaɗan da suka fara kiyaye Asabar ta hanyar karanta jaridu da takardun wa’azi da abokai a Amurka suka aiko musu.

GSAM 413.2A yayin bibiyar tarihin tasowar wannan aiki, mun koyi cewa a shekarar 1850, mutane huɗu da suka ƙaura zuwa Amurka daga Norway, sun fara kiyaye Asabar ta Ubangiji. Sun zauna a Oakland, Wisconsin. Biyu daga cikin waɗannan mutane sune mahaifin da mahaifiyar Fasto O. A. Olsen. A shekarar 1863, Fasto John Matteson ya fara bin Asabar ta rana ta bakwai. Ya zauna a Poysippi, Wisconsin. A cikin watanni shida masu zuwa, ta hanyar ayyukansa, kusan ’yan Danish-Norwegian arba’in sun karɓi koyarwar Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai. Mai wa’azi na farko mai himma da ya haɗa kai da shi a hidima shi ne Fasto J. F. Hanson daga Minnesota.

GSAM 413Littafi na Farko da aka Buga a Danish-Norwegian

GSAM 413.3A shekarar 1866, Fasto John Matteson ya nemi izini daga shugabannin ofishin Review and Herald don gano ko za su buga, domin amfanin mutanen Scandinavia, takardun wayar da kai da littattafan wayar da kai a harshen su. An shaida masa cewa ƙarancin kuɗi a ofishin ya hana su yin hakan; amma akwai mutane na ƙasarsa a Wisconsin da Minnesota waɗanda suka yi matuƙar sha’awar a buga gaskiya a harshen mahaifinsu, har ko da suna cikin matsakaicin hali kuma ba su kai hamsin ba, sun tara dala 1,000 a hannu suka miƙa masa don wannan manufa. Da wannan kuɗi da kuma tarin rubutun hannu da aka shirya da kyau, Fasto Matteson ya zo Battle Creek, ya sake neman a buga littattafai. Tunda ya riga ya shirya amsa hujjojin da aka gabatar a baya, an amince da bukatarsa, kuma a ranar 18 ga Maris, 1867, ya fara karanta rubutun hannunsa da aka shirya don littafinsa mai suna Liv og Død (Life and Death) ga Fasto J. N. Andrews da ni, waɗanda a lokacin mambobin kwamitin wallafa muke. Wato, ya faɗa mana a Turanci abin da rubutunsa ya ce a Danish-Norwegian.

GSAM 414Fasto Matteson Ya Zama Mai Buga Littafi

GSAM 414.1A wancan lokacin babu wani mai buga littattafai da za a iya warewa don jera masa haruffan bugawa, don haka ya roƙi izinin koyon yin hakan da kansa. Ya ci gaba da wannan aikin har sai da ya buga kusan shafuka dubu ɗaya na takardun wayar da kai da rubuce-rubuce a cikin harshen sa.

GSAM 414.2Da wannan sabon hanya na yaɗa gaskiya a tsakanin mutanensa, ya fita da sabuwar ƙarfin gwiwa, yana gudanar da tarurruka a jihohi daban-daban. Tun daga wannan lokaci aikin ya ci gaba da sauri sosai a tsakanin mutanen Scandinavia.

GSAM 414Jaridar Waje ta Farko

GSAM 414.3Aikin da ake yi tsakanin ’yan ƙasar Denmark da Norway ya kai irin wannan girma har aka nemi a fitar da mujallar wata-wata inda mutanen wannan ƙasa za su sami koyarwa da ƙarfafawa a cikin harshen su. Don haka, a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1872, an fitar da mujallar Danish ta wata-wata a ofishin Review and Herald, mujallar shafuka ashirin da huɗu a cikin salo na mujalla, mai suna Advent Tidende (Advent Tidings). A shekarar da ta biyo baya, an ƙara yawan shafukan wannan mujallar zuwa talatin da biyu. Ita ce mujallar farko da Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai suka fitar a harshe na waje.

GSAM 414.4A shekarar 1874, sha’awa ta kasance sosai tsakanin mabiya da ke magana da yaren Sweden har aka fara wallafa mujallar shafuka goma sha shida a kowane wata a wannan harshe, wadda ake kira Svensk Härold.

GSAM 414.5A lokacin da Fasto Matteson ya fara aikin bishara ga mutanen Scandinavia (Yuni, 1877) a ƙasar asali, ana tura kwafi 266 na Tidende daga Amurka kowane wata zuwa Denmark, da 60 zuwa Norway. Ta hanyar karanta waɗannan mujallu, mutane da dama sun riga sun fara kiyaye Asabar a Scandinavia. Sakamakon ayyukansa na shekara guda a Denmark, an kafa ƙungiyoyin masu bi a wurare da dama.

GSAM 415Ofishin Buga Littafi a Norway

GSAM 415.1Bayan wannan, Fasto Matteson ya tafi Norway, inda, a ranar 7 ga Yuni, 1879, ya kafa coci mai membobi talatin da takwas, sakamakon ayyukansa a Christiana. Fasto J. P. Jasperson, daga Amurka, ya haɗu da shi a hidima a kusan wannan lokaci. A cikin wannan shekarar ma an kafa wata ƙungiyar wallafa a Norway, kuma an sayi wani fili a Christiana don ofishin buga littattafai, ɗakin taro na ibadu, da ɗakunan zama, a kan farashin dala 14,580. Na ɗan lokaci, an fitar da ƙaramin bugu na wata jarida mai suna Tidernes Tegn kowane mako daga ofishin Christiana.

GSAM 415.2A farkon kaka ta shekarar 1880, Fasto Matteson ya zo Amurka don neman taimako don faɗaɗa aikin Scandinavia. Ya halarci Babban Taro na wannan shekara, sannan ya koma Turai a watan Afrilu, 1881, cikin ƙwarin gwiwa sosai. Ba da jimawa ba bayan dawowarsa, an sayi injin buga na silinda aka sanya shi a ofishin Christiana.

GSAM 415Jaridun Lafiya a Danish da Swedish

GSAM 415.3Nan da nan suka fara wallafa mujallar lafiya a harshen Danish, mai suna Sundheds Bladet. A shekarar 1883 ya wallafa mujallar makamanciya a harshen Swedish, da kuma mujallar addini, mai suna Sanningens Härold. A shekarar 1884 suna da kayan ofis da darajarsu ta kai dala 2,563. A cikin wannan shekarar an buga kuma an yaɗa takardu guda 115,000 gaba ɗaya, ban da dubban takardun wa’azi da littattafai kaɗan.

GSAM 415Fasto Haskell a Scandinavia

GSAM 415.4Aikin a ƙasashen Scandinavia ya samu taimako mai yawa daga ziyarar Fasto Haskell a shekarar 1882, kuma a shekarar 1884 an taimaka musu sosai ta ayyukan Fastoci Geo. I. Butler, B. L. Whitney, A. B. Oyen, da E. G. Olsen.

GSAM 416Misis White ta taimaka matuƙa ga Scandinavia

GSAM 416.1A shekarar 1885, Misis E. G. White da ɗanta W. C. White sun yi ziyara a Scandinavia, wadda ta kasance mai matuƙar amfani ga aikin a wannan yanki. Wasu sun yi tunanin cewa matalauta a ƙasar ba za su iya biyan zakka ba, kuma babu amfani a yi ƙoƙarin sayar da littattafai. Shaidar da Misis White ta bayar ta zo daidai lokacin, kuma mutane sun karɓi ta da kyau, kamar yadda martanin da suka bayar da waɗannan kalmomi ya nuna, "za mu yi duk abin da Ubangiji ya faɗa; za mu yi biyayya." A lokacin wannan ziyara an samu cikakken canji a filin Scandinavia, wanda galibi ya samo asali ne daga aikin Misis White mara gajiyawa.

GSAM 416An Gina Sabon Ginin Ofis a Norway

GSAM 416.2A shekarar 1886, Fastoci O. A. Olsen da N. Clausen sun ziyarci ƙasashen Scandinavia, inda na biyun ya zauna a can na wani lokaci mai tsawo. A shekarar 1885 an gina sabon ginin ofis a Christiana, kuma a shekarar da ta ƙare a ranar 1 ga Satumba, 1886, ofishin ya samu daga sayar da littattafai da takardun bishara kaɗai jimillar $5,386.68, yayin da kuɗin da aka samu daga biyan kuɗin rajistar mujallu ya kai $3,146.03.

GSAM 416Coci Ashirin da Biyar a Scandinavia

GSAM 416.3Rahoto da aka gabatar wa Babban Taro a shekarar 1889 ya nuna cewa a filin Scandinavia akwai coci-coci ashirin da biyar, da mambobi 926, waɗanda suka biya zakka ta $2,548.75; haka kuma akwai masu wa’azi shida, masu lasisi huɗu, da masu sayar da littattafai hamsin da biyu. Tallace-tallacen littattafai na Norway da Sweden a cikin kwata ɗaya sun kai $2,161.26.

GSAM 416Makaranta a Christiana

GSAM 416.4A wannan lokacin an gudanar da makaranta a Christiana, wadda ke da ɗalibai hamsin. A shekarar 1891 an gudanar da cibiyar koyon Littafi Mai Tsarki a Christiana, ta hannun Fastoci O. A. Olsen da E. J. Waggoner, inda ɗalibai ɗari suka halarta. A wannan cibiyar an ba da cikakken horo kan aikin sayar da littattafai.

GSAM 417Coci-coci arba’in a Scandinavia a shekarar 1895

GSAM 417.1Shekaru shida daga baya, a shekarar 1895, mun lura da rahoto da Fasto D. A. Robinson, a lokacin mai kula da gundumar filin waje, ya bayar, wanda ya nuna a fili ci gaba sosai a aikin a wannan lokacin har ma muka nakalto kamar haka: "Scandinavia na da coci arba’in, da mambobi 1,458. Zakkar shekara ta kai $5,585.55. Akwai masu wa’azi goma sha biyar da aka naɗa, goma sha ɗaya masu lasisi, kuma tallace-tallacen littattafai na shekara sun kai dala 40,000. Wannan babbar adadi galibi ya samo asali ne daga ƙoƙarin masu zagayen tallace-tallace, kuma hakan ma a ƙasa inda, a shekarar 1885, masu sayar da littattafai, har ma da masu wa’azinmu, suka tabbatar cewa ba za a iya sayar da littattafai ta hanyar zagayawa ba.

GSAM 417Taron Scandinavia guda uku

GSAM 417.2A yankin Scandinavia a halin yanzu akwai taruka uku, ranakun kafa su sune kamar haka: Denmark, 30 ga Mayu, 1880; Sweden, 12 ga Maris, 1882; Norway, 10 ga Yuni, 1887. Fasto John Matteson, wanda ya fara buɗe Mishan ta Scandinavia kuma ya jagoranci aikin cikin nasara sosai, kuma ya yi aiki da ƙwazo da sadaukarwa don bunƙasar mutanen nan, an kama shi da wannan mummunar cuta, tarin fuka, ya rasu a El Monte, California, a ranar 30 ga Maris, 1896, yana da shekaru sittin da ɗaya.

GSAM 417MISHAN TA BIRTANIYA

GSAM 417.3William Ings, ɗan asalin Hampshire, Ingila, amma ɗan Amurka ne a ruhu da ilimi, bayan ya rayu a Amurka tun yana yaro, ya isa Southampton daga Basel, Switzerland, a ranar 23 ga Mayu, 1878. A wannan lokacin zamansa bai yi tsawo ba, makonni biyu kacal, sannan ya koma nahiyar Turai na ɗan lokaci. Duk da haka, ba da jimawa ba sai ya sake zuwa Southampton, inda, bayan watanni huɗu na aikin gida-gida na rarraba takardun wa’azi da yin irin aikin mishan da ya taso, ya ruwaito mutane goma suna kiyaye Asabar. A ranar 30 ga Disamba na wannan shekara, ni da matata mun isa Southampton, inda aka haɗa ayyukanmu da na Fasto Ings wajen gudanar da tarurruka a lokacin sanyi a Shirley Hall, da kuma a gidan da muka haya. A lokacin rani na shekarar 1879, mun gudanar da tarurrukan tanti a Southampton. A wannan lokaci da wuri, Miss Maud Sisley (wanda yanzu ake kira Misis Boyd) ta shiga aikin, tana gabatar da karatun Littafi Mai Tsarki da yin aikin gida-gida. Sakamakon wannan ƙoƙari, da dama sun amince da gaskiya. A cikin hunturu na gaba mun gudanar da tarurruka a wani ɗaki a Ravenswood Villa, ginin da muke zaune a ciki kuma muke da ma’ajiyar kayanmu.

GSAM 418Taron Tentin a Ingila

GSAM 418.1A lokacin rani na shekarar 1880, Fasto Andrews, duk da kasancewar lafiyarsa ba ta ƙarfi, ya zo daga Switzerland don taimakawa a taron bita a cikin tanti a Romsey, inda wasu mutane suka rungumi saƙon.

GSAM 418.211 ga Janairu, 1880, an kafa ƙungiyar rarraba takardu. A cikin wannan aikin mambobi sun yi matuƙar sha’awa, kuma an raba littattafai da yawa.

GSAM 418.38 ga Fabrairu, 1880, aka yi baftism ɗinmu na farko kuma aka yi wa masu neman baftisma shida. Har zuwa 2 ga Yuli, 1881, an yi baftisma ga masu neman baftisma ashirin da tara a Southampton.

GSAM 418Ƙarin Ma’aikata a Ingila

GSAM 418.4Ta hanyar ƙuri’ar Babban Taro da aka gudanar a kaka ta 1881, Fasto A. A. John da matarsa, Geo. R. Drew, da Miss Jennie Thayer sun tafi Ingila, suka haɗa kai da aikin wannan filin mishan. A cikin shekarar 1882, Fasto Haskell ya ziyarci filin Turai, ya kwashe kwanaki da dama tare da ma’aikatan a filin mishan na Ingila, yana ba da taimako mai amfani ta hanyar shawarwari da nasiha.

GSAM 418.5A watan Maris, 1882, an fara buga ƙarin shafi biyu na Birtaniya ga mujallar Signs of the Times, kuma aka maƙala su ga kwafi dubu ɗaya na mujallar Signs da aka aiko daga Amurka. An yi amfani da su a cikin aikin mishan a Birtaniya. Rahoton aikin, na 1 ga Oktoba, 1883, ya nuna cewa a wancan ranar akwai masu kiyaye Asabar ɗari ɗaya. Zakkar da aka biya tun lokacin buɗe aikin ita ce $2,078.71.

GSAM 419Aikin Mishan na Jiragen Ruwa

GSAM 419.1Ta hanyar kirki na masu kula da jiragen ruwa, an ba wa Fasto Ings izinin aika fakitoci na takardun wa’azi da mujallu kyauta zuwa manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa tamanin na "Kamfanin Jiragen Tururi na Peninsular da na Gabas," a Afirka ta Kudu, Tsibiran Indiya ta Gabas da ta Yamma, Amurka ta Tsakiya, da Tsibiran Bay. Ta hanyar tasirin abubuwan karatu da aka aiko, ne aka fara samun sha’awa a tsibirin Demarara. Wannan bayani mun samu ne ta wasiƙun da suka fito daga tsibirin.

GSAM 419An sanya "History of the Sabbath" a cikin ɗakunan karatu na Ingilishi

GSAM 419.2An kuma ajiye kwafin History of the Sabbath na Fasto Andrews a cikin ɗakunan karatu na jama’a sittin da ɗakunan karatu kyauta a duk faɗin Birtaniya, kuma har yanzu littattafan suna nan, suna ba da labarin ga duk wanda ke son karantawa.

GSAM 419.3A shekarar 1884, Fasto Butler ya ziyarci Ingila tare da wasu ma’aikata na wannan fanni. Fastoci S. H. Lane da Robert Andrews sun tashi daga Boston don shiga aikin mishan a Birtaniya a ranar 9 ga Mayu, 1885. Ziyarar Misis White zuwa Ingila ta kasance tushen ƙarfi da ƙarfafawa ga ma’aikatan. Misis White da ɗanta sun kwashe ’yan makonni a can kafin su koma Amurka daga aikin fagen Turai.

GSAM 419An Fara "Present Truth"

GSAM 419.4A farkon shekarar 1884, ba da jimawa ba bayan isowar Fasto Butler Ingila, an yanke shawarar fara wallafa a Grimsby, tare da M. C. Wilcox a matsayin edita, wani jarida mai shafuka takwas da ake fitarwa sau biyu a wata, mai suna Present Truth. Yanzu haka ana wallafa shi a matsayin jarida mai shafuka goma sha shida kowane mako a London, Ingila, inda ake buga kusan kwafi 18,000 a kowane mako.

GSAM 420.1A shekarar 1889, Fasto Holser ya ruwaito cewa Mishan ta Birtaniya ta ƙunshi coci-coci takwas, tare da masu kiyaye Asabar guda ɗari biyu, daga cikinsu 65 suna London. Zakkar shekarar da ta gabata ta kai $1,244.58. Akwai masu wa’azi biyu da aka naɗa, masu lasisi biyu, masu aikin mishan biyu a jiragen ruwa, da ma’aikatan Littafi Mai Tsarki guda bakwai. A kusan wannan lokacin ne Fastoci Wm. Hutchinson da Francis Hope suka shiga aikin bishara a Ingila.

GSAM 420Pacific Press a London

GSAM 420.2A cikin shekarar 1890, Pacific Press Publishing Company na Oakland, California, ya kafa ofishin reshe a 48 Paternoster Row, London, da kuma ofishin buga littattafai a 451 Holloway Road, London, N. Tallace-tallacen littattafai daga ofishin a shekarar farko, a farashin jumla, sun kai $9,556.89.

GSAM 420.3A watan Fabrairu, 1895, Fasto Robinson ya gabatar da rahoto mai zuwa:

GSAM 420.3"A Birtaniya babbar akwai coci goma sha ɗaya, mambobi 363, masu wa’azi biyar, da mai lasisi ɗaya. Zakkar shekarar da ta gabata ta kai $5,077.20, ko matsakaicin $13.98 ga kowane mamba. Dukiyar ofishin wallafa yanzu mallakar kuma ƙarƙashin gudanarwar International Tract Society, Limited, wata ƙungiya ce ta Ingila."

GSAM 420.4A watan Disamba, 1895, Sakataren Ayyukan Mishan na Waje ya ba da rahoton cewa a Birtaniya babbar membobi sun kai 560. An samu ƙaruwar gudummawar zakka ta dala 1,000 a cikin shekarar. A wancan lokacin, ƙungiyoyi takwas suna taruwa a ranar Asabar a wurare daban-daban a London.

GSAM 420.5Don haka aikin wannan filin mishan ya ci gaba, a wasu lokuta kusan ba tare da a lura ba. Irin ba sa tsirawa cikin wasu irin ƙasa da sauri kamar yadda suke tsirawa a wasu. Tsirarsu na ɗaukar lokaci, amma girman su ya fi tabbaci kuma ya fi ƙarfi. Haka yake da gaskiyar saƙon na uku a cikin wannan masarauta. An shuka irinsa, ya samu tushe, ya girma a hankali har zuwa yanzu ya kai girma mai yawa idan aka kwatanta.

GSAM 421MISHAN TA AUSTRALASIYA

GSAM 421.110 ga Mayu, 1885, Fastoci S. N. Haskell, J. O. Corliss da iyalinsa, M. C. Israel da iyalinsa, Wm. E. Arnold, da Henry Scott sun tashi daga San Francisco don buɗe wani aikin bishara a filin Ostiraliya. Shekaru goma sha ɗaya kafin wannan lokaci, a shekarar 1874, a wani taro da aka gudanar a Battle Creek, Misis White ta ce cewa ƙasashe da dama za su karɓi gaskiya, kuma ta ga injunan buga littattafai suna aiki, ana buga littattafai da takardu a ƙasashe daban-daban. Lokacin da aka tambaye ta ta fayyace waɗanne ƙasashe ake nufi, amsar da ta bayar ita ce cewa Ostiraliya ce kaɗai sunan da ta iya tunawa.

GSAM 421Bible Echo

GSAM 421.2A ƙarƙashin ƙoƙarin gaske da nasarar da Fasto Haskell da tawagarsa suka yi, saƙon ya samu ci gaba cikin sauri har aka ga ya zama dole a buga wata jarida a Ostiraliya. Don haka, an shirya wallafa, kuma a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1886, an fitar da mujallar shafuka sha shida a kowane wata a Melbourne, wadda ake kira Bible Echo and Signs of the Times. An buga fitowar farko a adadin dubu shida, yayin da fitowar yau da kullum ta kasance dubu uku kawai.

GSAM 421Coci na Farko da aka Kafa a Ostiraliya

GSAM 421.3A ranar Lahadi, 10 ga Afrilu, 1886, an kafa cocin Adventist na Rana ta Bakwai na farko a Ostiraliya. Akwai mutane goma sha takwas da suka halarta waɗanda suka sanya hannu kan alkawari, kuma wasu bakwai suka nemi shiga ta hanyar baftisma. An yi musu baftisma a Asabar da ta biyo baya, kuma kowace Asabar na tsawon makonni da dama an ƙara mambobi, har sai coci ya kai mutane hamsin da biyar. Har zuwa Mayu, 1886, jimillar waɗanda aka yi rijista ya kai casa’in. Baya ga waɗannan, akwai kusan talatin da biyar a wasu wurare daban-daban da ke kiyaye Asabar.

GSAM 421.4A ofishin buga littattafai akwai injuna buga biyu masu kyau da injin ɗaya, duk an biya kuɗinsu kuma mallakar Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai ne a wannan ƙasar mai nisa—kimanin mil 7,000 daga babban ofishinmu da ke Oakland, California.

GSAM 422.1A cikin shekarar 1886 saƙon ya bazu zuwa New Zealand. Wani rahoto daga filin Ostiraliya ya nuna cewa akwai masu kiyaye Asabar hamsin a New Zealand. Adadin da aka samu daga sayar da littattafai a ofishin ya kai $700. Baya ga wannan, masu sayar da littattafai sun sayar da kwafi ɗari huɗu na littafin Babban Jayayyar a New Zealand, da kuma kwafi dubu ɗaya na Thoughts on Daniel a Ostiraliya.

GSAM 422Ginin Ofishin Ostiraliya

GSAM 422.2Daga rahoto da aka gabatar a ranar 19 ga Yuli, 1889, mun samo waɗannan bayanai: An kammala ginin ofishin buga littattafai a Melbourne, wanda ya ƙunshi ɗakin ibada don ayyukan coci.

GSAM 422An Shiga Tasmania

GSAM 422.3An kafa Taro a Ostiraliya da New Zealand, kuma Fastoci Israel da Steed sun faɗaɗa aikin zuwa Tasmania. A wurin na ƙarshe an riga an kafa coci uku, da jimillar mambobi ɗari da talatin da shida. Baya ga waɗannan, akwai wasu masu kiyaye Asabar da suka bazu waɗanda ba a kafa su a matsayin coci ba tukuna.

GSAM 422.4Zakkar shekara a filin Ostiraliya ta kai $9,371. Akwai masu sayar da littattafai goma sha biyar a filin, inda sayar da littattafansu ya kai $19,500.

GSAM 422.5A tafiya ta biyu da Fasto Haskell ya yi a duniya, ya sake ziyartar Ostiraliya, ya halarci taron su da aka gudanar a watan Agusta, 1889, kuma ta hanyoyi da dama ya bayar da taimako mai tasiri, wanda wannan sabuwar ƙungiyar da aka kafa ta yi matuƙar godiya da shi. Ma’aikata daban-daban daga Amurka sun taɓa ziyartar Ostiraliya lokaci-lokaci domin amfanin babban buri guda ɗaya—gina da ƙarfafa aikin Allah.

GSAM 422Misis White a Ostiraliya

GSAM 422.6A cikin kaka ta 1891, Misis E. G. White, ɗanta W. C. White, Fasto Geo. B. Starr, da wasu suka bar California zuwa Ostiraliya, inda suka isa a watan Disamba—tsakiyar rani a wannan nahiya. Shaidar Misis White, duk da rashin ƙarfin jiki da take fama da su a cikin shekaru tara na zamanta a ƙasar, ta taimaka matuƙa wajen sanya aikin cikin dangantaka mai dacewa da ruhu da yanayin saƙon mala’ika na uku. A lokacin da suke a Ostiraliya, Fasto J. O. Corliss ya sake haɗa kai da aikin anan, sannan W. A. Colcord da wasu suka shiga filin aiki a matsayin masu wa’azi, malamai, da sauransu.

GSAM 423Fasto Olsen a Ostiraliya

GSAM 423.1A lokacin mulkin Fasto O. A. Olsen a matsayin shugaban Babban Taro, ya ziyarci duk manyan cibiyoyinmu a ko’ina cikin ƙasar. Wannan ya bukaci tafiya mai yawa—tafiya ce ta zagaye duniya. Ya yi wannan ne domin ya fi sanin bukatunsu da halin da ayyukan mishan daban-daban suke ciki, domin haka ya kasance a shirye ya yi musu hidima ba tare da nuna son rai ba. A wannan tafiya ce, a shekarar 1893, ya kwashe makonni da dama a Ostiraliya.

GSAM 423Taron Gamayyar Australasian

GSAM 423.2A wannan lokacin ne aka kafa Taron Gamayyar Australasian, wanda ya ƙunshi tarukan Ostiraliya da New Zealand da kuma filayen aikin bishara na Ostiraliya. Wannan taro yana taruwa sau ɗaya a kowane shekaru biyu, kuma ana gudanar da shi bisa tsarin tarukan gamayya na wasu ƙasashe. A cikin shekarar 1893, masu sayar da littattafai kaɗan da ke wannan fanni sun sayar da bugu na 5,000 na littafin Matakai Zuwa Wurin Kristi, kuma an buga bugu na biyu daidai wannan adadi. A lokacin rani na 1894-95, sun karɓi odar littattafan da ake sayarwa ta hanyar karɓar oda a gaba guda 4,000 cikin watanni huɗu.

GSAM 423Fasto Prescott a Ostiraliya

GSAM 423.3A shekarar 1895, Fasto W. W. Prescott, Sakataren Ilimi na mazhaba, ya kwashe watanni da dama a wannan taro, yana ba da lokaci da tunani mai yawa ga wannan reshe na aikin. A wannan lokacin, ya gudanar da cibiyar ilimi wadda ta kasance musu babban amfani.

GSAM 424.1Rahoton da aka gabatar wa Babban Taro na aikin shekarar an gabatar da shi ne ta hannun Fasto W. C. White kuma ga yadda yake:

GSAM 424.1"Taron Gamayyar Ostiraliya ya ƙunshi coci-coci goma sha bakwai da mambobi 1074, waɗanda suka biya zakka ta $9,810.10 a shekarar da ta gabata. Wannan taro na da masu wa’azi goma sha biyu da aka naɗa, masu lasisi biyu, masu aikin Littafi Mai Tsarki uku, da masu sayar da littattafai hamsin, waɗanda suka sayar da littattafai a cikin shekara a kan kimar $28,731.11. A cikin shekarar, yankin mulkin mallaka na New South Wales, mai coci shida da mambobi 321, an ware shi daga Taron Ostiraliya, aka sanya masa suna Taron New South Wales."

GSAM 424MISHAN TA AFIRKA TA KUDU

GSAM 424.2A Babban Taro da aka gudanar a Battle Creek a shekarar 1886, an yi la’akari da batun buɗe wani aikin mishan a Afirka ta Kudu. Da aka ɗauki mataki na goyon bayan wannan aikin, a farkon lokacin rani na shekarar 1887 an yi ƙoƙarin kafa wannan aikin a wancan ƙasar mai nisa, inda kaɗan daga cikin mutane, waɗanda suka riga sun fara kiyaye Asabar, ke neman ma’aikata.

GSAM 424Fastoci Boyd da Robinson a Afirka ta Kudu

GSAM 424.3Domin wannan manufa, a ranar 11 ga Mayu, Fasto C. L. Boyd da iyalinsa, Fasto D. A. Robinson da matarsa, tare da wasu ma’aikata, sun hau jirgin ruwa daga birnin New York, suna kan hanyarsu zuwa Afirka, ta Liverpool da Landan. Shekaru uku daga baya, a Babban Taro, Mista P. W. B. Wessels ya bayyana cewa lokacin da waɗannan ma’aikatan suka isa Afirka, akwai mutane kusan arba’in da suka riga sun fara kiyaye Asabar ta umarni na huɗu sakamakon karanta wallafe-wallafe kan wannan batu da kuma nazarin Littafi Mai Tsarki.

GSAM 424.4Fastoci Robinson da Boyd sun fara aikin mishan a Cape Town, daga nan kuma ya bazu arewa maso gabas kusan mil ɗari takwas zuwa Kimberley, a filayen lu’u-lu’u.

GSAM 424.5Har zuwa shekarar 1889, akwai masu wa’azi biyu kawai, mai lasisi ɗaya, coci huɗu, da mambobi tamanin; waɗannan sun biya zakka ta $2,798.36. A cikin wannan shekara, Fasto Ira J. Hankins na Amurka ya yi aiki a Cape Town tare da kyakkyawan sakamako, kuma Mista da Misis Druillard sun zo daga Nebraska don haɗa kai da aikin a wannan wuri, su kuma raba wahala da ƙoƙari da ke kan waɗanda aka kira su zama masu fara aiki a sabon fili. Ayyukan Misis Druillard sun fi mayar da hankali ne kan ma’ajiyar littattafai, inda aka bar harkokin wannan sashe a ƙarƙashin kulawarta; yayin da Mista Druillard ke aiki a cikin aikin bishara gaba ɗaya. A cikin shekarar, a kan jiragen ruwa da suka zo wannan tashar, ya sayar da littattafai masu darajar dala 750.

GSAM 425Fasto Haskell a Afirka

GSAM 425.1A watan Agusta na wannan shekara ɗaya ne Fasto Haskell ya isa Cape Town. Ya yi amfani da watanni biyar yadda ya kamata wajen ziyartar da yin aiki tare da ƙungiyoyi daban-daban a Afirka ta Kudu. Ta wannan ziyarar, an ƙarfafa kuma an gina aikin, kuma zuciyarsa ta samu ƙarfafawa ganin ya ga ’ya’yan aikinsa. An tada sha’awa ga aikin ilimi, har ɗalibai goma sha biyu daga Afirka suka zo Amurka don halartar makarantun addininmu.

GSAM 425.2A wannan lokacin, an ba aikin sayar da littattafai kulawa yadda ya kamata. An gudanar da wani taro na wannan aikin a Cape Town, wanda Mista E. M. Morrison ya jagoranta, wanda ya ba da sabon rai da kuzari ga wannan muhimmin reshe na saƙon. Nan da nan bayan horon da aka ba a wannan taro, masu sayar da littattafai goma sha uku, a cikin watanni shida, sun sayar da kuma isar da littattafai har darajar $5,621.28. A gaskiya, odar littattafai sun yi yawa har suka "mamaye" ofishin Landan gaba ɗaya, domin ba a iya shirya littattafai cikin sauri yadda ake bukata ba.

GSAM 425.3A shekarar 1892, Fasto A. T. Robinson ya shiga aikin a Afirka ta Kudu. A wancan lokacin aikin ya bunƙasa har ya kai ga bukatar sabon ma’ajiya don maye gurbin tsohuwar. Don haka an gina sabon gini mai isasshen girma don ba da wuri ga tarurrukan coci.

GSAM 426Ginin Kwaleji a Afirka

GSAM 426.1Haka aikin ya ci gaba da tafiya mataki bayan mataki, har a Claremont, wani unguwa a Cape Town, an gina ginin kwaleji mai tsadar dala 35,000. Taimako guda ɗaya da aka nema daga ’yan’uwa na Amurka shi ne: a tura ƙungiyar malamai masu cancantar koyar da darussan kwaleji, su kuma za su biya kuɗin gudanarwa. Bayan an cika wannan bukata, an buɗe makarantar a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 1893.

GSAM 426Taron Afirka ta Kudu

GSAM 426.2An kafa Taron Afirka ta Kudu a shekarar 1892. A Babban Taro na 1893 an kada ƙuri’a don amincewa da shi a cikin Babban Taro. A lokacin yana da coci biyar, mambobi ɗari ɗaya da talatin da takwas, waɗanda suka biya zakka ta dala 34,077.32 a shekarar da ta gabata. A wannan taro, Taron Afirka ta Kudu ya samu wakilci daga Peter Wessels, wanda ya bayar da gudummawar dalar Amurka 16,000 ga Babban Taro, wannan kuwa ya fi abin da Babban Taro ya kashe wajen buɗe aikin a Afirka ta Kudu. Bugu da ƙari ga wannan kyauta, shi da ɗaya daga cikin ’yan uwansa sun bayar da dalar Amurka 40,000 don fara aikin cibiyar magani kyauta a birnin Chicago.

GSAM 426.3A Babban Taro na 1895, Sakataren Ayyukan Mishan na Waje ya ce game da filin Afirka:

GSAM 426.3"An kafa taron a Afirka ta Kudu shekaru biyu kacal da suka wuce, amma a cikin wannan lokacin Babban Taro ya tura ma’aikata goma sha biyu zuwa wannan fanni. Daga cikinsu biyu sun shiga cikin ƙasar a matsayin ’yan mishan masu dogaro da kansu, yayin da sauran suka shiga aiki a fannoni daban-daban. Wannan taro na da makaranta mai bunƙasa, gidan marayu, da cibiyar jinya da murmurewa da ake ginawa. Ƙididdiga sun nuna cewa membobinsu sun kai 184."

GSAM 426Jaridu da Aka Buga a Afirka ta Kudu

GSAM 426.4Batun ’yancin addini a Afirka ta Kudu ya motsa mutanenmu a cikin ’yan watannin da suka gabata su wallafa mujallu biyu, ɗaya cikin harshen Holland mai suna De Wachter; ɗayan kuma cikin Turanci mai suna The South African Sentinel and Gospel Echo. Wannan na ƙarshe yana da rarrabawa 4,000.

GSAM 427Taron Gamayyar Afirka ta Kudu

GSAM 427.1A watan Janairu, 1903, an kafa Taron Gamayyar Afirka ta Kudu, wanda ya ƙunshi tarukan Cape Colony da Natal-Transvaal, da kuma ayyukan Basutoland da Matabeleland ƙarƙashin ikon Taron Gamayya. A cikin taron akwai coci-coci goma sha biyar da aka tsara tare da mambobi 595, ƙungiyoyi tara da ba a tsara ba masu mambobi casa’in, da masu kiyaye Asabar talatin da ke zaman kansu,—jimillar mutane 715, waɗanda suka biya zakka ta $7,850. Akwai ma’aikata talatin da tara, daga cikinsu ashirin da ɗaya suna kan jerin albashi na taron-taron daban-daban.

GSAM 427FILIN POLYNESIA

GSAM 427.2A shekarar 1876, Fasto James White da marubucin nan sun aika wani littafi na mujallar Signs of the Times da wasu takardun wa’azi, tare da wasiƙa, zuwa Tsibirin Pitcairn. An sanya waɗannan takardun a kan wani jirgin ruwa da ke zagayawa ta Cape Horn zuwa New York. An tabbatar mana cewa jirgin zai tsaya a Pitcairn, kuma a can za a miƙa fakitin. Ba mu san kowa a tsibirin ba, kuma ba mu san komai game da tsibirin ba, sai dai sanin cewa mazaunansa mutane ne masu sadaukarwa kuma masu tsoron Allah. An aika takardun ne ba tare da tabbacin nasara ba.

GSAM 427Ziyara zuwa Pitcairn

GSAM 427.3Ba mu ji komai daga mutanen ko littattafanmu ba har sai Mista John I. Tay ya ziyarci tsibirin, a shekarar 1886, shekaru goma daga baya, lokacin da muka gano cewa sakamakon karanta littafin Signs da takardun wa’azi, duka tsibirin, a lokaci guda, kusan sun yanke shawarar canza ranar ibadarsu daga ranar farko ta mako zuwa ranar bakwai, su kuma kiyaye Asabar ta Ubangiji. Sai dai ba su yi hakan ba har sai lokacin ziyarar Mista Tay. Ya daɗe yana da matuƙar sha’awar ziyartar tsibirin, amma bai san komai game da mutanen ba a kashin kansa, ko kuma sha’awarsu da ta riga ta tashi ga gaskiya.

GSAM 428.1Bayan dawowarsa Amurka, ya yi matuƙar ƙoƙari wajen neman a gina wani jirgi da za a yi amfani da shi wajen jigilar ’yan mishan daga tsibiri zuwa tsibiri a Tekun Pacific. Ya halarci Babban Taro da aka gudanar a shekarar 1889, da wannan tunani a zuciyarsa, inda ya gabatar da bukatar tsibiran Polynesia. Taron, ganin amfanin wannan aikin, ya kada ƙuri’a don tara, ta hanyar gudummawa, adadin dala 12,000 da za a yi amfani da shi wajen gina ko sayen jirgi don yin aiki a tsibiran Tekun Pacific.

GSAM 428An Gina Pitcairn

GSAM 428.2Daidai da wannan mataki, an gina jirgin Pitcairn a lokacin rani na shekarar 1890, kusa da Benicia, kimanin mil talatin daga Oakland, California, a kan farashin dala 12,035.22. A cikin kashi uku cikin huɗu na shekara, an tara wannan kuɗi, kuma makarantun Asabar suka bayar da shi don wannan manufa kaɗai, kuma ba a taɓa yin kyauta da aka bayar da farin ciki da ƙwarin gwiwa irin haka ba. An kaddamar da jirgin a Oakland, California, a ranar 25 ga Satumba, 1890. Kimanin mutane dubu ɗaya da ɗari biyar suka taru a kan jirgin da bakin ruwa don shaida bikin.

GSAM 428Tafiya ta Farko ta Pitcairn

GSAM 428.3Jirgin ya tashi a kan tafiyarsa ta farko daga San Francisco zuwa filin aikinsa mai nisa a ranar 20 ga Oktoba. A cikin jirgin akwai ’yan mishan Fasto E. H. Gates da matarsa, Fasto A. J. Read da matarsa, John I. Tay da matarsa, tare da tawagar ’yan mishan ƙarƙashin jagorancin Kaptin Marsh. Wannan jirgin ya fara zuwa Tsibirin Pitcairn, mil dubu huɗu kudu da San Francisco, inda ya isa ranar 25 ga Nuwamba. Lokacin da jirgin ya bar tsibirin a ranar 17 ga Disamba, manya 82 sun sami baftisma, kuma an kafa su a matsayin Cocin Adventist na Rana ta Bakwai. Sai jirgin ya nufi ƙungiyoyin Society, Hervey, Samoan, Friendly, da Fiji, inda ya bar littattafan addini da takardun wayar da kai kan lafiya da nisantar shan giya ga mutanen da ke magana da Turanci. A cikin watanni takwas, har zuwa Satumba, 1891, ’yan mishan sun sayar da littattafai har darajar dala 1,900, ban da rarraba dimbin kayan karatu kyauta.

GSAM 429.1An tura ’yan mishan kamar haka: Fasto Read a Tahiti; Fasto Gates ya tsaya a Pitcairn don kammala aikin da aka riga aka fara a can; yayin da Mista Tay ya zaɓi yin aiki a tsibirin Fiji. A cikin mujallar Review ta 14 ga Afrilu, 1904, Fasto Fulton ya ce game da aikin a Fiji: "Yanzu akwai masu kiyaye Asabar fiye da ɗari da hamsin a wannan filin aikin bishara." Daga Fiji, jirgin ya tafi Aukland, New Zealand, don gyare-gyare masu muhimmanci da ingantawa, da kuma don samun littattafai.

GSAM 429Mutuwar ’Yan Mishan

GSAM 429.2Bayan kasancewa ba a nan tsawon shekara ɗaya, watanni goma sha ɗaya, da kwanaki goma sha takwas, jirgin Pitcairn ya koma San Francisco, inda ya isa a ranar 9 ga Oktoba, 1892. A wannan lokacin Kaptin Marsh ya rasu, aka kuma binne shi a tsibirin New Zealand. Mista Tay ya kamu da ciwon huhu, wanda bai taɓa warkewa daga gare shi ba. Shi ma ya rasu cikin kwanciyar hankali, aka binne shi a ƙasar Fiji mai nisa; haka ne aka rasa rayuka biyu masu daraja da wuri ga Mishan ta Polynesia.

GSAM 429.3’Yan mishan da ke tsibirin Tahiti, a Papaete, sun yi murna ganin, kusan nan da nan, ’ya’yan aikin su. A wannan lokaci sun samu damar tura gida rahoton farin ciki na mutane arba’in da suka koma addini kuma aka kafa su a matsayin Cocin Adventist na Rana ta Bakwai.

GSAM 429Tafiya ta Biyu ta Pitcairn

GSAM 429.4Jirgin ya tashi daga San Francisco a kan tafiyarsa ta biyu, a ranar 17 ga Janairu, 1893, tare da waɗannan ’yan mishan: B. J. Cady da matarsa, J. M. Cole da matarsa, E. C. Chapman da matarsa, da M. G. Kellogg, M.D. Miss Hattie Andre, daga Ohio, ta raka su a matsayin malama don Tsibirin Pitcairn. A cikin kaka ta 1893, Mista Cady ya buɗe makaranta a Raiatea, na ƙungiyar Society, tare da ɗalibai sittin. A ƙarshen zangon farko, adadin ya ƙaru zuwa ɗalibai ɗari da biyar. A farkon zangon na biyu, akwai ɗalibai ɗari da ashirin da suka halarta.

GSAM 430Tafiya ta Uku ta Pitcairn

GSAM 430.1An yi tafiyar jirgin ta uku a shekarar 1893-94. Masu wa’azi a wannan tafiya su ne G. O. Wellman da matarsa da Lillian White, dukansu daga Michigan, waɗanda aka tura zuwa Raiatea, inda za su taimaka wa Fasto Cady a aikinsa. Mista Stringer da matarsa sun tafi a matsayin ’yan wa’azi masu dogaro da kai. Sun tsaya a Rurutu. A Raratonga (inda mutanen ke kiyaye ranar Asabar a matsayin Lahadi), an tura Dr. Caldwell da matarsa; yayin da aka bar Fasto Buckner da matarsa, daga California, a Pitcairn. A lokacin zamansa tare da waɗannan mutane, an gabatar da sabbin sana’o’i da dama, waɗanda suka zama masu amfani ga mazauna tsibirin ta hanyoyi da dama. Da farko, an gina injin iska don niƙa masara wadda yanzu ake noman ta a tsibirin, kuma da wannan ƙarfin iska ɗaya ake sarrafa ƙananan injuna, waɗanda suka haifar da wasu sana’o’i da ba a taɓa saninsu ba a tsibirin.

GSAM 430Tafiya ta Huɗu ta Pitcairn

GSAM 430.215 ga Disamba, 1895, Sakataren Ayyukan Mishan na Waje ya ce:—

GSAM 430.3"Jirgin Pitcairn yanzu yana tashar jiragen ruwa daga zagayen tafiyarsa ta huɗu.... An dasa aikin a cikin ƙungiyoyi tara daban-daban, kuma ma’aikatan da ke aiki a cikinsu sune:—

GSAM 430.4"A Tsibirin Pitcairn, malamai, E. S. Butz da matarsa, da Hattie Andre. Tsibirin Norfolk, wasu ’yan mishan masu dogaro da kai suna gudanar da aikin anan, waɗanda suka zo daga Ostiraliya. Tsibiran Society, mai wa’azi, B. J. Cady; ma’aikatan jinya, Mista da Misis R. A. Prickett. Raratonga, ma’aikatan jinya, Dr. J. E. Caldwell da matarsa, Miss Lillian White da Miss Maude Young; malamai, G. O. Wellman da matarsa, Fasto J. D. Rice da matarsa. Fiji, Fasto J. M. Cole da matarsa. Tsibiran Friendly, Fasto E. Hilliard da matarsa. Rurutu, Mista da Misis Stringer, ’yan wa’azi masu dogaro da kai. Hawaii, Fasto E. H. Gates da matarsa; malamai, H. H. Brand da matarsa. Samoa, Dr. F. E. Braucht da matarsa. Fasto D. A. Owen da ɗansa da ’yarsa, ’yan wa’azi masu dogaro da kai.

GSAM 431.1"Jirgin Pitcairn ya sayar da kuma raba littattafai da yawa a lokacin tafiyoyinsa huɗu. Sakamakon haka, masu kiyaye Ranar Asabar sun bayyana a wurare da dama. An kafa coci-coci a Tsibirin Pitcairn, Norfolk, da Tahiti."

GSAM 431An Sayar da Pitcairn

GSAM 431.2Tunda yanzu akwai damar isa filin aikin Polynesia wadda ba ta wanzu lokacin da aka gina jirgin, an sayar da jirgin, kuma an yi amfani da wasu hanyoyi don ci gaba da aikin. Fasto E. H. Gates yanzu shi ne mai kula da filin aikin Polynesia, kuma yana ba da rahoton ci gaba a cikin ƙungiyoyi daban-daban.

GSAM 431TSIBIRAN INDIYA TA YAMMA

GSAM 431.3A cikin hunturu na 1889, Mista Wm. Arnold, daga Amurka, ya fara aikin sayar da littattafai a Tsibiran Indiya ta Yamma. Yayin da yake wannan aiki, ya samu nasarar tattara sunaye da adireshin mutane dubu ɗaya da ɗari biyu, waɗanda aka tura wa International Tract Society don amfani da su a aikin bishara. Ta hanyar wasiƙar da kuma aika littattafan karatu zuwa waɗannan adireshin, an tashe sha’awa ga gaskiya, kuma haka ne aka buɗe hanya don yaɗa bishara ta hanyar wa’azin Kalmar Allah.

GSAM 431.4A martani ga kiran aikin hidima, Fasto D. A. Ball, a watan Nuwamba, 1890, ya tafi Barbados da wasu wurare domin yin hidima. Mutane da dama sun amince da gaskiya sakamakon ƙoƙarinsa. A shekarar 1892, Mista Patterson, daga California, ya zagaya tsibiran yana sayar da littafin Bible Readings tare da samun nasara sosai. A shekarar 1893, B. B. Newman ya tafi daga Florida zuwa Jamaica don jagorantar aikin sayar da littattafai a lokacin da Mista Arnold bai nan. Mista Evans da Mista Hackett ma sun tafi zuwa Tsibiran Indiya ta Yamma a wannan shekarar, don shiga wannan reshe na aikin. A watan Mayu, Fasto Haysmer da matarsa sun shiga wannan fanni don yin aiki yadda dama ta samu. Ba da jimawa ba bayan haka Mista Arnold ya dawo, wannan karon don tallata littattafai da suka shafi batun lafiya. Har zuwa watan Yuli, 1895, an sayar da littattafai irin wannan a Jamaica kaɗai har zuwa adadin $8,200, yayin da sayar da littattafan addini ya kai $7,654, wato jimillar $15,854. Rarraba irin wannan yawan littattafai ya taimaka matuƙa wajen kafa a Kingston coci mai tsari da mambobi saba’in da biyar, da kuma buɗe hanyoyi ga aikin hidima a wasu sassan tsibirin.

GSAM 432Trinidad

GSAM 432.1An gabatar da aikin anan ta hanyar da ta yi kama da ta Jamaica. A shekarar 1889, an gayyaci Mista F. B. Grant da matarsa su ziyarci tsibirin domin gabatar da littattafan mazhabarmu, kuma bisa gayyata, Fasto Flowers da matarsa ba da jimawa ba suka bi su domin yin aiki yayin da dama ta samu. Sun samu nasara sosai, har sai Fasto Flowers ya kamu da zazzaɓi, wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwarsa a ranar 29 ga Yuni, 1894. An zaɓi Fasto E. W. Webster a matsayin magajinsa, kuma ya tashi daga New York a watan Agusta, 1895.

GSAM 432.2A shekarar 1896 ma’aikatan a Tsibiran Indiya ta Yamma sun kasance kamar haka: A Jamaica, Fasto A. J. Haysmer da W. W. Eastman, da kuma wasu masu sayar da littattafai a Tsibiran Bahama. A ƙananan tsibiran Antilles, inda Fasto E. Van Deusen da matarsa, tare da C. F. Parmlee da matarsa a matsayin masu aikin Littafi Mai Tsarki, Mista Bean da Mista Hackett a matsayin masu sayar da littattafai. A Trinidad, Fasto E. W. Webster da matarsa, tare da Miss Stella Colvin a matsayin ma’aikaciyar kiwon lafiya. Sakamakon—masu kiyaye Asabar ɗari da goma a Jamaica, da masu kiyaye Asabar hamsin a Trinidad, waɗanda suka ta’allaka a yankin Couva; coci guda a Barbados, da ƙungiya guda a Antigua, Lesser Antilles.

GSAM 432AMURKA TA TSAKIYA

GSAM 432.3Fasto F. J. Hutchins da matarsa sun bar Amurka zuwa Tsibiran Bay a ranar 16 ga Nuwamba, 1891. A wannan lokacin, musamman a Ruatan, akwai mutane kusan ashirin da ke bin Asabar ta umarni na huɗu bisa ga dokoki goma, bayan da aka ja hankalinsu zuwa wannan gaskiya ta hanyar karanta takardun da aka aiko musu ta wasiƙa. Shekaru uku daga baya, a shekarar 1894, W. A. Miller da matarsa sun bar California zuwa Bonacca, inda suka shiga aikin ilimi a matsayin malamai a makarantar da aka buɗe a ranar 4 ga Yuli, 1894, a cikin ginin makaranta da Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai suka gina. Yawan halarta a zangon farko ya kasance matsakaicin mutane talatin da huɗu. A shekarar 1895 an bayyana makarantar a matsayin mai dogaro da kanta, domin yawan ɗalibai ya ƙaru zuwa arba’in da biyar.

GSAM 433.1A Babban Taro da aka gudanar a shekarar 1895, Fasto Hutchins ya ba da rahoton mutane ɗari a tsibiran da ke bin saƙon, kuma ya bayyana cewa an gina gidajen taro guda biyu kuma Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai ne suka mallaka. Saboda ƙarancin ƙasa, wadda take da matuƙar daraja wajen noma, an gina ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan gidajen ibada a kan ruwa. An miƙa waɗannan gine-gine biyu da ginin makaranta ga General Conference Association. An kiyasta darajar kadarar Taron a tsibirin ta kai dala 1,789.60. Jimillar kuɗin littattafan da aka sayar har zuwa 1895 ta kai dala 2,243.

GSAM 433Ƙaramin Jirgin Ruwa don Amurka ta Tsakiya

GSAM 433.2Da aka mayar da hankalin Taron kan amfanin da fa’idodin mallakar wata ƙaramar jirgi da za a iya amfani da ita wajen kai ’yan mishan daga tsibiri ɗaya zuwa wani, an yanke shawarar a gina irin wannan jirgin don aikin da ake yi a Tsibiran Bay a farashin da ba zai wuce $3,000 ba.

GSAM 433.3A shekarar 1896, akwai ma’aikata huɗu kaɗai a Amurka ta Tsakiya: Fasto F. J. Hutchins da matarsa, da Fasto J. A. Morrow da matarsa a Honduras na Sifen. A Belize, babban birnin British Honduras, akwai wata ƙungiya ta masu bi da ke kiyaye ranar bakwai bisa ga umarni na huɗu. Mafi yawan aikin a wannan fanni an yi shi ne a tsibiran Tekun Caribbean. An sayar da littattafai masu darajar dubban daloli a nan, kuma mutane sittin suna farin ciki da gaskiyar saƙon mala’ika na uku.

GSAM 434Mutuwar Fasto Hutchins

GSAM 434.1Tsawon kusan shekaru goma sha biyu, Fasto F. J. Hutchins ya yi aiki da aminci da ƙwazo sosai a filin Amurka ta Tsakiya. A ƙarshe, juriyarsa ta ƙare, rashin lafiya ya rinjaye shi har ya rasu. Yanzu yana huta cikin barci, yana jiran kiran Ubangiji—kiran da zai tashe masu aminci.

GSAM 434KUDANCIN AMURKA

GSAM 434.2Ta hanyar shafukan bugawa ne aka fara gabatar da ra’ayoyin Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai a Kudancin Amurka. A watan Oktoba, 1891, Mista Snyder, Mista Stauffer, da Mista Nowlin sun fara aikin su a matsayin masu sayar da littattafai a Argentina. A shekarar 1893, ta hanyar ƙuri’ar Babban Taro, Fasto F. H. Westphal, daga Illinois, wani mai wa’azi ɗan Jamus, ya haɗa kai da aikin wannan filin mishan, kuma a shekarar 1894, Frank Kelley, daga California, ya tafi ƙasar Tarayyar Colombia a matsayin ɗan mishan mai kula da kansa. Bayan ’yan watanni, wasu ma’aikata suka biyo su, haka aka fara wannan sabon aikin bishara. A shekarar 1896 an gabatar da rahoto mai zuwa game da aikin a wannan filin: Chile na da mai wa’azi ɗaya, Fasto G. H. Baber, wanda ya iso ranar 19 ga Oktoba, 1895; da masu sayar da littattafai guda biyu, F. W. Richards da F. H. Davis. A ƙasar Argentina ma akwai masu wa’azi biyu, F. H. Westphal da Jean Vuilleumier; da masu sayar da littattafai biyu, O. Oppegard da C. A. Nowlin. Baya ga waɗannan, akwai masu aikin Littafi Mai Tsarki huɗu, Lucy Post, Mista da Misis Snyder, da John McCarthy. Brazil na da masu wa’azi biyu, Fasto W. H. Thurston da H. F. Graf; da masu sayar da littattafai uku, A. B. Stauffer, J. F. da J. A. Berger. British Guiana na da masu wa’azi biyu, Fasto W. G. Kneeland da Fasto P. Giddings; da ma’aikatan bishara na kiwon lafiya biyu, Dr. B. J. Fercoit da matarsa.

GSAM 435.1A shekarar 1896, an sayar da littattafai masu darajar dalar Amurka dubu ɗaya a Chile, kuma masu kiyaye Asabar talatin sun amince da Asabar da gaskiyoyi masu alaƙa da ita ta hanyar karanta littattafan da suka siya daga masu sayar da littattafai. A Brazil da Argentina an sayar da littattafai har darajar dalar Amurka dubu goma; kuma abin da ya fi kyau, mutane ɗari ne ke kiyaye Asabar. An kafa coci guda ɗaya da makarantun Asabar guda biyar. A Argentina akwai coci uku da aka kafa, a Buenos Ayres, Crespo, da San Cristobal, bi da bi. Haka kuma akwai coci ɗaya da aka kafa a British Guiana, da masu kiyaye Asabar hamsin, wanda ya kai jimillar Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai ɗari ɗaya da hamsin a Kudancin Amurka.

GSAM 435SOUTHERN MISSIONARY SOCIETY

GSAM 435.2Daidai magana, ba za a iya kiran wannan ƙungiya ta ƙasashen waje ba, duk da yake tana yin aikin wa’azantar da mutanen ƙasashen waje (’yan Afirka) a ƙasarmu. Ana godiya sosai ga ƙoƙarin juriya na Fasto J. E. White, bisa albarkar Allah, saboda sakamakon da aka riga aka samu.

GSAM 435.3A cikin hunturu na shekarar 1893, lokacin da nake aiki a matsayin shugaban Taron Illinois, Fasto White ya zo wurina yana ɗauke da nauyi sosai game da mutanen launin fata a Jihohin Kudu. Yayin da yake ciyar da ’yan makonni a Chicago, ya nemi izinin yin aiki ga mutanen launin fata da ke zaune a birnin. An amince da bukatar cikin farin ciki, kuma a nan ne ainihin aikin sa ya fara ga waɗannan mutanen da ba su da sa’a.

GSAM 435Jirgin Ruwa na Bishara na Fasto White

GSAM 435.4Daga wannan lokaci yana addu’a da shiryawa don filin Kudanci. Yayin da yake nazari, shirye-shiryensa sun ci gaba, har suka kai ga gina wani jirgin ruwa mai injin kusa da Tafkin Michigan, wanda aka kira Morning Star. Da wannan "Bethel" mai iyo, ya tafi Chicago, daga nan ya bi Kogin Illinois da na Mississippi, inda ya isa Vicksburg, Miss., a ranar 10 ga Janairu, 1895. A nan, tare da wasu kaɗan, ya fara ayyukansa a ƙasa da ba a taɓa yin wa’azi ba.

GSAM 436Aikin Southern Missionary Society

GSAM 436.1Muna ambaton wani rahoto da Fasto White ya gabatar a Babban Taro, ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 1903, wanda ke ba da sakamakon aiki, kuma ke nuna yanayin aikin mishan na Kudanci a wancan lokacin:—

GSAM 436.2"Ƙungiyarmu ta gina kuma yanzu tana gudanar da makarantu biyar a Mississippi.... Waɗannan makarantun suna Vicksburg, Yazoo City, Columbus, da Jackson.... Ma’aikatanmu sun kuma ci gaba da ƙoƙari a Nashville, Memphis, da Edgefield Junction, a Tennessee, da kuma a Louisville da Bowling Green, a Kentucky.

GSAM 436Ma’aikata a Kudanci

GSAM 436.3"A halin yanzu akwai ma’aikata ashirin da bakwai a fannoni daban-daban na Ƙungiyar. An horar da masu wa’azi biyar a aikin Southern Missionary Society.... An horar da malamai goma sha uku na makaranta ta hanyoyi daban-daban don aikinsu.... Ana horas da wani matashi a matsayin likita ta Ƙungiyar a Kwalejin Likitancin Meharry dake Nashville, kuma ana taimaka wa wani a karatunsa a wannan makarantar.... An samar da wasu kyawawan ma’aikatan Littafi Mai Tsarki. Wasu daga cikin malamai ma suna zama ƙwararrun ma’aikata a wannan sashe.

GSAM 436Jirgin ruwa mai tururi "Morning Star"

GSAM 436.4"Morning Star mallakata ce ta kaina, an gina ta da kuɗina. Bugu da ƙari, duk kuɗaɗen gudanarwar wannan jirgin an biya su ne daga kuɗina na kaina. Zan kuma ce cewa duk kuɗaɗen rayuwa a kan jirgin ni kaina nake biya. Sau da yawa ma’aikatan sun kasance daga goma zuwa goma sha takwas.... Ko ma albashin duk ma’aikatan da Ƙungiyar ta ɗauka na tsawon shekaru ba a ɗauke su daga gudummawa ba, sai daga kuɗina na kaina.

GSAM 437Yadda Kuɗi Ya Zo Don Mishan ta Kudanci

GSAM 437.1"Ana iya yin tambaya, 'Daga ina kuka samo wannan kuɗi?' Ubangiji ne ya ba mu shi. An fitar da wasu ƙananan littattafai. Da farko akwai Gospel Primer, wanda aka tsara shi ne don koyar da mutanen launin fata. An yi tsammanin za a sayar da dubu kaɗan na kwafi, amma abin mamaki ya kai kusan miliyan ɗaya.

GSAM 437.2"Uwa [Misis E. G. White] ta taimaka mana da littafin Christ our Saviour, wanda aka sayar da kwafi dubu ɗari uku ko ɗari huɗu. An sayar da kwafi dubu ɗari biyu ko ɗari uku na Best Stories. An kiyasta cewa an yaɗa isassun kwafi na Coming King har za su iya yin tsayin gini mai tsayin mil huɗu. Da kuɗaɗen mallaka daga waɗannan littattafai, baya ga gudanar da sauran ayyuka da dama, mun gina Morning Star."

GSAM 437A ƘASASHE DA YAWA

GSAM 437Mexico

GSAM 437.3Aikinmu a wannan ƙasa ya fara ne a shekarar 1894, da kafuwar wata cibiyar aikin mishan na kiwon lafiya a Guadalajara. A shekarar 1896 an ruwaito ma’aikatan aikin kamar haka: Fasto D. T. Jones da matarsa, waɗanda ke kula da aikin mishan. Malamai su ne Ora A. Osborne, Misis A. Cooper, Kate Ross, da wani mataimaki ɗan asali. Masu wa’azin kiwon lafiya sune Dr. J. A. Neal, A. Cooper, Misis A. J. Rice, Misis Bartlett, da Misis Rachel Flowers. Marasa lafiya arba’in a rana suna amfana da aikin, kuma ɗalibai arba’in suna halartar makarantar aikin. A wannan lokacin ana gina sabuwar cibiyar jinya da murmurewa a kan kuɗin dala 12,000.

GSAM 437Afirka ta Tsakiya

GSAM 437.4A shekarar 1893, aikin saƙon mala’ika na uku ya ci gaba sosai har Kwamitin Babban Taro ya ga ya dace ya ba da shawarar a kafa wata mishan a Afirka ta Tsakiya. Don haka aka yi ƙuri’a, "Da zarar zai yiwu a buɗe mishan a Matabeleland." A daidai wannan mataki, a shekarar 1894, wata ƙungiya ta Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai ta shiga ƙasar ta zaɓi gonar mai faɗin kadada 12,000. A taron 1895, an zaɓi Fasto C. B. Tripp da matarsa, W. H. Anderson da matarsa, da Dr. A. S. Carmichael a matsayin ’yan mishan don wannan filin mai nisa. Nan da nan suka fara shirye-shirye don doguwar tafiya, kuma bayan wata tafiya mai nasara suka isa inda suke nufi a ranar 26 ga Yuli, 1895.

GSAM 438Gold Coast

GSAM 438.1Tsawon shekaru da dama, kiran neman agaji irin na Masedoniya ya kasance yana zuwa wa Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai daga Gaɓar Yammacin Afirka. An tada sha’awa ga gaskiya ta hanyar karanta wallafe-wallafen Adventist, amma ba a tura agaji ba sai a shekarar 1894 ko kusan haka. Sai Fasto Sanford da Mista Rudolph suka samu gayyata daga Kwamitin Babban Taro don su ɗauki aikin da ya daɗe yana jiran aiwatarwa. Sun shiga filin aiki da ƙwazo da jarumtaka. Ba da jimawa ba, duk da haka, Fasto Sanford ya kamu da zazzaɓi, wanda ya yi yawa a can har ƙasar ta zama "kabarin farar fata." Ya kamu da shi sau uku, sannan, domin ya rayu, sai aka tilasta masa komawa Amurka. An tura wasu zuwa Gaɓar Yamma, ciki har da Fasto D. U. Hale, Geo. F. Kerr da matarsa, da G. P. Riggs. Amma shi, cutar ta raunana shi sosai har aka yi hasashen ba zai rayu ba, sai ya tsere Ingila da fatan canjin yanayi zai amfanar da shi; a nan shi da abokansa suka sha takaici, domin ya ci gaba da raunana, a ƙarshe ya mutu, a can aka binne shi. Shi ma yana jiran zuwan Mai Ba da Rayuwa.

GSAM 438Indiya

GSAM 438.212 ga Janairu, 1890, Fasto Haskell ya tashi daga Port Durban, a gaɓar kudu-maso-gabas ta Afirka, zuwa Calcutta, Indiya, Sin, da Japan. Kafin wannan rana, Percy T. Magan, sakatarensa, ya riga ya haɗu da shi. Manufar wannan tafiya zuwa Indiya ita ce aikin "bincike" don tattara bayanai da za su ba su damar ba da shawarwari da nasiha lokacin da ayyukan bishara na Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai za su fara a wannan yanki. Da niyyar kafa wani aikin mishan a Indiya, Babban Taro, a shekarar 1893, ya ba da shawarar cewa Wm. Lenker ya tafi wannan ƙasar a matsayin mai sayar da littattafai. Don bin wannan shawarar, ya tafi Indiya ya gabatar da littattafan Adventistoci na Rana ta Bakwai. A wani lokaci daga baya, Mista Lenker ya ruwaito cewa shi da wasu mutane huɗu sun yi yawo a wurare daban-daban na Indiya har zuwa shekarar 1896, kuma sun sayar da wallafe-wallafe masu darajar dalar Amurka 10,000. Don nuna irin sha’awar da littattafan da aka sayar suka haifar, ya ƙara bayyana cewa yayin da yake zagaya sayarwa a kusa da Madras, a bakin tekun gabashin Indiya, "wani mai wa’azi ɗan asalin ƙasar ya yi tafiyar mil sittin don sayen kwafin Thoughts on Daniel and the Revelation."

GSAM 439Georgia Burrus a Indiya

GSAM 439.1A shekarar 1895 Miss Georgia Burrus ta bar California zuwa Indiya. Da zarar ta isa, nan take ta fara nazarin harshen Bengali, kuma ba da jimawa ba ta shiga aikin mishan. Har zuwa 1896 mutane da dama sun fara kiyaye Asabar ta Ubangiji ta hanyar hulɗa da ma’aikatanmu.

GSAM 439.2Ma’aikatan a filin a shekarar 1896 sune Fasto D. A. Robinson da matarsa. Miss May Taylor da Miss Georgia Burrus su ne ma’aikatan Littafi Mai Tsarki. Mista Lenker da Mista Masters su ne masu sayar da littattafai. An samu gini mai dacewa don gidan aikin mishan, kuma an aika kiran likitoci, ma’aikatan jinya, da sauran taimako zuwa ƙasar asali domin cika bukatun da ke damun su. A kan wannan kiran, Fasto Brown tare da wasu sun amsa. Dukkansu shi da Fasto D. A. Robinson sun mutu a Karmatar, Bengal, Indiya, a ƙarshen Disamba, 1899.

GSAM 439Hawaii, Tsibiran Sandwich

GSAM 439.3A shekarar 1884, Mista La Rue da Henry Scott, a kan kuɗinsu, sun tafi a matsayin ’yan wa’azi zuwa Hawaii. Sun fara aikinsu ne da yin aikin wa’azi na kai tsaye da sayar da littattafai. Wannan ya jawo sha’awa sosai a tsibirin har Babban Taro, a watan Nuwamba, 1885, ya yi ƙuri’a cewa Fasto Wm. Healy ya tafi Hawaii a kakar gaba don yin aiki, kuma a roƙi Taron California da ta aro tanti don wannan manufa. Da haka, Fasto Healy da waɗanda suka riga sun kasance a tsibirin suka gudanar da taron bita a cikin tanti a lokacin rani na shekarar 1886. Sakamakon wannan ƙoƙari, mutane da dama sun karɓi saƙon. Mista La Rue ya zauna a Honolulu har zuwa shekarar 1889, lokacin da ya hau jirgin ruwa zuwa Hong Kong, China.

GSAM 440Aikin ’Yan China a Hawaii

GSAM 440.1Amma ba a samar da aikin hidima sosai a tsibirin ba har sai taron Babban Taro ya taru a watan Maris, 1895, a lokacin da aka yi ƙuri’a cewa "Fasto Gates da matarsa, tare da Mista da Misis Brand a matsayin malamai ga ’yan China, su tafi Honolulu don yin aikin bishara." Aikin koyarwa ya fara nan take, kuma Fasto Gates, duk da kasancewar lafiyarsa ba ta ƙarfi, ya yi iya ƙoƙarinsa wajen ci gaba da aikin. Ba da jimawa ba, wani likita da ma’aikatan jinya suka biyo baya, kuma aikin wannan ɓangare na saƙon ya fara tafiya yadda ya kamata.

GSAM 440Taƙaitaccen Bayanin Ayyukan Mishan, 1 ga Janairu, 1903

GSAM 440.2Rahoton Sakataren Ayyukan Mishan na Waje, da aka gabatar a ranar 31 ga Disamba, 1902, ya nuna ayyukan bishara da ake gudanarwa a wajen Amurka kamar haka:—

GSAM 440.3Taron Gamayyar Ostiraliya, wanda ya ƙunshi tarukan Victoria, New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Kudancin Ostiraliya, Tasmania, da Yammacin Ostiraliya.

GSAM 440.4Babban Taron Turai, wanda ya ƙunshi Taron Gamayyar Jamus, Yammacin Jamus, Gabashin Jamus, Kudu Jamus, Holland da Belgium na Flaman, Austro-Hungary, da Jihohin Balkan, Jamus na Switzerland, Kudancin Rasha, Arewacin Rasha, da Rasha ta Tsakiya.

GSAM 440.5Taron Gamayyar Scandinavia, wanda ya ƙunshi Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, da Iceland.

GSAM 441.1Taron Gamayyar Birtaniya, wanda ya ƙunshi Arewacin Ingila, Kudu Ingila, Ireland, Scotland, da Wales.

GSAM 441.2Taron Gamayyar Latin na Faransa, wanda ya ƙunshi Faransa-Switzerland, Faransa, da Italiya.

GSAM 441.3Mishan ta Gabas, wacce ta ƙunshi Masar, Siriya, da Turkiyya.

GSAM 441.4Taron Gamayyar Afirka ta Kudu, wanda ya ƙunshi Cape Colony, Natal-Transvaal, Basutoland, da Matabeleland.

GSAM 441.5Wasu wasu: Bermuda, Brazil, British da Dutch Guiana, Amurka ta Tsakiya (Kudu), China, Fiji, Indiya, Jamaica, Japan, Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Nyassaland, Pitcairn, Porto Rico, River Plate, Raratonga, Samoa, Tsibiran Society, Sumatra, Tonga, Trinidad, Gaɓar Yamma (Amurka ta Kudu), da Gaɓar Yamma (Afirka).

GSAM 441.6Adadin ma’aikatan da ke aiki a waɗannan fannoni daban-daban, ciki har da masu wa’azi, masu lasisi, ma’aikatan Littafi Mai Tsarki, masu sayar da littattafai, da masu tallata littattafai, ya kai 754.

GSAM 441An kafa muhimman wurare

GSAM 441.7Daga cikin waɗannan gajerun bayanai game da ayyukanmu za mu iya cewa, kamar yadda Sakataren Ayyukan Mishan na Waje ya ce a shekarar 1896:

GSAM 441.7"Da waɗannan matsayi na dabaru da saƙon ya mamaye a kusan kowane ɓangare na duniya, Allah, da ikonSa marar iyaka, zai iya kammala babban aiki mai ƙarfi cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Zai taƙaita aikinsa cikin adalci" (fassarar zahiri daga KJV).